Abamele abaningi bomndeni omkhulu we-finch banokubukeka okuhle ngokungajwayelekile. Enye yalezi zinyoni ingukuthi imvu... Ama-Goldfinches aheha ngemibala yawo ehlukahlukene, izwi lomculo, futhi kuvame ukugcinwa ekhaya ngabathandi abangaphandle. Lesi silwane asikhethi, sinobuhlakani obuthuthukisiwe, sifunda ngokushesha futhi sijwayele umnikazi waso. Endle, ama-goldfinches anemikhuba nemikhuba eminingi ethokozisayo. Uzofunda kabanzi ngale nyoni yengoma eyingqayizivele kule ncwadi.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Goldfinch
IGoldfinch iyinhlobo yezinyoni engohlobo olukhulu lwezinhlamvu zegolide ezivela emndenini we-finch. I-Goldfinches yizinhlobo eziningana. Zihlukile endaweni yazo yokuhlala, kweminye imikhuba nakwezinye izici zangaphandle. Noma kunjalo, banokuningi abafana ngakho. Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, zonke izinhlobo zama-goldfinches zikhetha ukuhlala emaphethelweni amahlathi nezindawo ezivulekile.
Ividiyo: Goldfinch
Igama elithi "goldfinch" livelaphi? Kunezinguqulo ezimbili eziyinhloko. Uhlobo lokuqala luthi lesi silwane saqanjwa kanjalo ngenxa "yengubo" yaso. Izimpaphe ezikhanyayo, ezingavamile zenza lezi zinyoni zehluke kakhulu kwezinye. Uhlobo lwesibili - igama elithi "goldfinch" livela kwelesiLatini elithi "Carduus". Leli gama lisho ukhula. Yilesi sitshalo, noma kunalokho imbewu yaso, okuyisibiliboco esiyintandokazi sama-goldfinches.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Inani elikhulu lama-goldfinches alikho kuphela ekubukekeni kwawo okuhle, ukucula okumnandi. Bambalwa abantu abazi ukuthi lezi zinyoni zingabasizi abahle kakhulu kubalimi nakubantu bendawo. Emini, bacekela phansi inqwaba yezinambuzane eziyingozi ezilimaza isivuno.
Uhlobo lwe-goldfinches lubandakanya izinyoni eziningi ezahlukahlukene: ama-greenfinches, ama-siskins, ama-goldfinches, abadansi bompompi. Uyini umehluko phakathi kwama-goldfinches? Ukubukeka kwabo kuyisici esihle: ubude bomzimba bungafinyelela ngamasentimitha ayishumi nambili, futhi isisindo singamagremu angamashumi amabili. Ama-Goldfinches anokwakheka okuminyene, ikhanda eliyindilinga, uqhwaku oluncane kodwa olubukhali. Umehluko omkhulu kwezinye izihlobo yizimpaphe. Ekufakeni imibala yezinyoni kunemibala emnyama, emhlophe, ephuzi, ebomvu.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Birdfinch bird
Echaza imicibisholo yegolide, umuntu akakwazi kodwa ukusebenzisa ama-epithets amaningi akhanyayo. Ukubukeka kwangaphandle kwesilwane kuyamangaza ngempela ngomsindo wemibala, ukuvumelana. Usayizi womzimba wesilwane mncane. Ama-Goldfinches makhulu nje kancane kunondlunkulu abavamile. Ubude bomzimba wabo kuyaqabukela budlula amasentimitha ayishumi nambili. Ngokungafani nondlunkulu abafanayo, umzimba we-goldfinch uminyene. Banemisipha ekhule kahle, imilenze iqinile, izinzipho ezibukhali kanye noqhwaku oluncane olucekeceke.
Umbala wesilwane uhlukile, kuya ngohlobo. Kwimvelo kukhona ama-Yemen, ama-thick-billed, amakhanda amnyama, anekhanda elimpunga. Kukhona futhi nokuningi kwama-subspecies awo. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu yilezi ezimbili zokugcina: ezinamakhanda amnyama nezimpunga.
Kukhona umehluko kwezinye izimpaphe zabo, umbala wayo:
- ama-goldfinches anekhanda elimnyama avame ukubizwa ngokuthi ajwayelekile. Yizinhlobo eziningi kakhulu ze-goldfinch futhi itholakala cishe kulo lonke elaseYurophu, e-Afrika nase-Asia. Ikhanda lenyoni limnyama, izimpaphe ezimhlophe zikhona ezihlathini, kanti izimpiko zimnyama futhi ziphuzi. Izinyoni ezinamakhanda amnyama zibonakala ngomngcele obomvu womlomo;
- ama-goldfinches anekhanda elimpunga ahlukaniswa ngemibala engakhanyi kakhulu, izinombolo eziphansi. Lezi zinyoni zihlala ikakhulukazi e-Asia, eSiberia. Izimpaphe zama-goldfinches anekhanda elimpunga libonakala ngokuba khona kwemithunzi emibili emikhulu: nsundu nampunga. Kodwa-ke, kukhona nolimu lwezimpaphe ezibomvu ezizungeze uqhwaku.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Cishe akunakwenzeka ukuhlukanisa i-goldfinch yowesifazane kowesilisa ngezinto zangaphandle. Usosayensi onolwazi kuphela okwazi ukubona umehluko ocansini. Izinsikazi zalezi zilwane zinezimpaphe ezifanayo ezikhanyayo. Zinganikezwa kuphela ngomucu obomvu ocekeceke otholakala ngaphansi komlomo.
Ihlala kuphi igoldfinch?
Isithombe: I-Goldfinch indiza
Zonke izinhlobo zama-goldfinches zinento eyodwa ezifanayo - izinyoni ziyayithanda inkululeko, zikhetha izindawo ezivulekile zempilo. Kungaba yingadi engajwayelekile, onqenqemeni lwehlathi, isihlahla esinamagquma. Isimo sezulu salezi zilwane asibambiqhaza elikhethekile. Zizivumelanisa kalula nezimo zezulu ezahlukahlukene. Okuwukuphela kokuhlukile kungamazinga okushisa aphansi ngokweqile noma aphezulu kakhulu. Isici esinqumayo lapho ukhetha indawo yokuhlala yalezi zilwane ukutholakala kokudla okufanele, amanzi aseduze.
Ama-Goldfinches angabizwa ngokuphepha ngokuthi izinyoni ezihlala phansi. Zimbalwa kuphela zalezi zilwane ezishiya izidleke zazo lapho kuqala isimo sezulu esibandayo bese ziya lapho kufudumele khona. Abanye bahlala ebusika emakhaya abo. Lezi zilwane ziningi kakhulu futhi zisabalele. Indawo yabo yemvelo ifaka phakathi: iRussia, iCaucasus, i-Afrika, i-Asia, nentshonalanga yeYurophu.
Izinyoni zihlala ngokulingana. Ngakho-ke, iningi labo lihlala eYurophu, okuncane kunawo wonke ama-goldfinches ase-Afrika. Futhi, izinhlobo zama-goldfinches zithinta ukuhlala. AmaBlackheads akhetha ukuhlala futhi akhe isidleke ikakhulukazi eYurophu. E-Afrika nase-Asia, bakhona ezindaweni ezincane. Izimpande zegolide ezimpunga zihlala e-Asia, eSiberia, eKazakhstan. Avamile kakhulu eYurophu.
Manje uyazi ukuthi i-goldfinch ihlala kuphi. Ake sibone ukuthi udlani.
Idla ini i-goldfinch?
Isithombe: Goldfinch wesilisa
AmaGoldfinches akhetha ukuzitholela ukudla enkampanini yezihlobo zawo. Zivame ukundiza ziyodla zodwa. Imihlambi yama-goldfinches ayinakuphuthelwa. Izinyoni eziningi ezikhanyayo nezinhle ngokushesha zithatha iso. Imihlambi yama-goldfinches ivame ukubheka ukudla ezingadini, emasimini, ezindaweni zasemaphandleni, emaphethelweni ehlathi. Lapho befuna ukudla, bahlukaniswa ngobuhlakani, umusa. Ama-Goldfinches angahamba ngokushesha ngisho nasemagatsheni amancane ukuze afinyelele imbewu noma amacimbi.
Ukudla kwama-goldfinches ahlala endaweni yawo yemvelo kufaka:
- izinambuzane ezihlukahlukene eziyingozi. Lezi zinyoni zikhulula ngokushesha futhi ngobuciko amahlathi, izingadi, izitshalo ezivela ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezinambuzane. Le mfanelo yaziswa kakhulu ngabantu;
- imbewu. Badla imbewu yezigaxa, amakhakhasi, izithwathwa nezinye izitshalo eziningi;
- tshala ukudla. Uma izinyoni zizwa zishoda ngembewu nezinambuzane, zingagcwalisa kalula amandla azo ngokudla kwezitshalo: amaqabunga, iziqu ezondile, utshani;
- izibungu, amacimbi. Zivame ukusetshenziswa ngabantu abadala. Ukudla okunjalo kutholakala ikakhulu ukondla inzalo.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Okokuphila nokondla, ama-goldfinches azikhethela indawo ethile, eyithatha njengekhaya lawo. Lezi zinyoni ezincane azizithandi izimbangi, ngakho-ke zingangena ekulweni nezinye izinyoni ezinquma ukuba nesidlwana kule ndawo.
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ama-goldfinches agcinwa ekhaya. Ukuzondla, ochwepheshe bancoma ukusebenzisa le mikhiqizo elandelayo: imbewu ye-hemp, i-pine, i-dandelion, i-plantain, iminyundu yokudla, izinambuzane ezincane, ingxube ye-canary, imifino, amakhambi, izithelo, amagobolondo amaqanda. Ukubaluleka kwamanzi ahlanzekile akumelwe nakhohlwe. Lezi zinyoni ziyawathanda amanzi. Kumele ishintshwe kabili ngosuku.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Owesifazane we-birdfinch wesifazane
AmaGoldfinches ahola impilo esebenzayo neyenhlalo. Isikhathi sabo esiningi basichitha ephaketheni, behamba njalo besuka kwenye indawo beya kwenye. Ziyizilwane ezisebenzayo. Akuvamile ukuba babonakale behleli ngokuthula esihlahleni. AmaGoldfinches athanda ukundiza futhi akwenze kahle. Zichitha isikhathi esiningi emoyeni, zihlala zigqamile ngezimpaphe zazo ezikhanyayo zibhekene nesizinda sezinye izinyoni.
Ukucula kungenye indlela yokuzijabulisa oyithandayo yalezi zinyoni. Bacula kakhulu, banezwi elimnandi. Ku-repertoire yakhe, i-goldfinch ngayinye iqukethe izingoma ezingaphezu kwamashumi amabili ezihlukene. Eminye imiculo ayimnandi endlebeni yomuntu, ifana nomsindo wokugaya. Kepha izingoma eziningi zama-goldfinches zimnandi kakhulu, ziyafana nezingoma zama-canaries. Isici esibalulekile salezi zinyoni yikhono lazo eliyingqayizivele lokukhumbula ngekhanda nokukhiqiza imisindo engaphandle.
Uhlobo lwama-goldfinches lungachazwa njengokuthula. Izinyoni zizwana kalula ngomhlambi omkhulu. Isilwane futhi asikhombisi ulaka kumuntu, siyasijwayela ngokushesha. Ngendlela efanele, i-goldfinch ingaphakanyiswa ukuze ibe isilwane esihlakaniphile nesilalelayo. Ubudlova bama-goldfinches bubonakaliswa kuphela emzabalazweni wensimu nangesikhathi sokuvikelwa kwenzalo yabo. Lezi zinyoni zinomona kakhulu ngendawo yazo, azivumeli abantu ezingabazi ukuba zisondele kuyo, futhi zingalwa ngisho nenyoni eyayikhona.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Pair of Goldfinches
Izici zokukhiqiza kabusha, ubude benkathi yokukhwelana kanye nezinye izikhathi ezihlotshaniswa nenzalo zincike ezinhlotsheni zama-goldfinches nendawo abahlala kuyo njalo. Endaweni yazo yemvelo, ama-goldfinches aqala ukuzala futhi abheke umlingani ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari. Ensimini enesimo sezulu esifudumele, inkathi yokukhwelana ingaqala ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Lezi zinyoni zihlukana ngokushesha ngazimbili futhi ngokushesha ziqala ukwakha isidleke somndeni wazo.
Inqubo yokwakha isidleke kuma-goldfinches inezici ezithile:
- yonke inqubo yenziwa ngabesifazane kuphela;
- ukwakheka kwendlu yezinsimbi zegolide kufana nezitsha ezijiyile;
- isidleke sitholakala ezihlahleni ezinde, kude nesiqu. Ngale ndlela, isilwane sizama ukuvikela inzalo yesikhathi esizayo ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye;
- isidleke sakhiwa ngamakhaba otshani, ubulembu, ubulembu, imicu emincane, izimpande.
NgoMeyi, imvamisa zonke izingodo zegolide sezivele zihlukaniswe ngababili, zinesidleke sazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indima enkulu inikezwa owesilisa. Kumele avundise owesifazane. Amaqanda abekwa ngabesifazane eduze nasehlobo. I-clutch eyodwa iqukethe cishe amaqanda ayisithupha. Amaqanda ane-tinge yegobolondo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Insikazi kufanele iwafukamele cishe amasonto amabili, emva kwalokho amachwane azalwa.
Abancane banakekelwa ngokuphelele ngabazali amanye amasonto amabili. Ngemuva kwalokho bakulungele ngokuphelele impilo ezimele, ngakho-ke bashesha baphuma endlini. Kodwa-ke, ekuqaleni, abasha bakhetha ukuhlala besondele esidlekeni somzali, ngoba isikhathi esithile abazali bondla izingane zabo ngezinambuzane nezibungu.
Izitha zemvelo zama-goldfinches
Isithombe: Birdfinch bird
Izimpaphe ezikhanyayo, ezingavamile zama-goldfinches ziyinzuzo yazo enkulu phakathi kwezinye izinyoni. Kodwa-ke, futhi kuvame ukudala ukufa kwenyoni. Kusukela kumbala onjalo wama-goldfinches kunzima ukungaziboni izilwane ezidlayo. Lezi zinyoni zizingelwa ngenkuthalo cishe zonke izinhlobo zezinyoni ezidla ezinye. Izinkozi, izikhova, izikhova nezinye izilwane ezidla ezinye zibamba ngobuciko ama-goldfinches amancane emoyeni noma phansi, lapho lezi zinsuku zimatasa zizingela ukudla.
Ezinye izilwane ezidlayo nazo aziyingozi kangako kuma-goldfinches. Izimpungushe, ama-ferrets, ama-weasel, amakati asendle nawo awaphikisani nokuzitika ngalezi zinyoni. Lezi zidlakela zinenkinga enzima. Zizingela izinyoni phansi, lapho othinti begolide befuna khona izinambuzane noma imbewu yokudla. Ubunzima busekuthini iminwe yegolide ivame ukondla emihlambini. Umzingeli kufanele athathe isinyathelo esisodwa kuphela sokunganaki, njengoba wonke umhlambi usuka ngokushesha uye esibhakabhakeni.
Izingwejeje, amagwababa echobana, abagawuli bezinkuni nabo bayizitha zezinsimbi zegolide. Lezi zilwane ikakhulu zibandakanyeka ekuchitheni izidleke. Bahlasela amatshwele angakwazi ukuzivikela lapho abazali babo bengekho ekhaya. Izingwejeje zebela amaqanda. Kwesinye isikhathi izilwane ezifuywayo zingalimaza nezinyoni. Amakati angabamba futhi adle inyoni encane kalula. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuvamile kakhulu. AmaGoldfinches akhetha ukuhlala kude namakhaya abantu. Futhi-ke, isitha se-goldfinches ngumuntu. Kwamanye amazwe, abantu bazibamba ngamabomu lezi zinyoni ukuze zigcinwe emakhaya, kepha hhayi wonke umuntu owaziyo ukuthi angasinakekela kanjani isilwane esinjalo, futhi sifela masinyane ekuthunjweni.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Goldfinch eRussia
Uhlobo lwe-goldfinches lubandakanya inqwaba yezinhlobo zezinyoni, phakathi kwazo ama-goldfinches athathwa njengolunye lwezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu. Lezi zilwane zizalana ngokushesha, zingamelana nezimo zezulu ezahlukahlukene, ngaphandle kwamakhaza amabi kakhulu. I-Goldfinches akuzona izinhlobo zezinyoni ezisengozini yokuqothulwa. Isimo Sabo Sokongiwa: Ukukhathazeka Okuncane. Lokhu kusho ukuthi eminyakeni ezayo izinyoni zizogcina izinhlobo zazo nenala yazo ngobuningi obanele.
Inani lezinyoni endaweni yazo yemvelo lizinzile impela. Izinyoni azifuduki, zihlala phansi. Emhlabeni jikelele, inani lama-goldfinches lizinzile, kepha kukhona ama-subspecies ahamba kancane kepha ngokuqinisekile ancipha. Izici eziningana zinomthelela omubi enanini lama-goldfinches. Okuyisisekelo kakhulu ukugawulwa okukhulu kwezihlahla, ukusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane nezinye izinto eziyingozi lapho kucutshungulwa amasimu nomhlaba. Ngale ndlela, umuntu umane ancishe isilwane ukudla nendawo yokuhlala.
Iqiniso elijabulisayo: Ama-Goldfinches yizinyoni ezincane kodwa eziqinile. Endle, baphila cishe iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili, ekuthunjweni iminyaka engaphezu kweyishumi.
Kwamanye amazwe, izinsimbi zegolide zaze zaqala ukuvikelwa nguhulumeni. Isizathu salokhu intshisekelo eyengeziwe yabantu kulezi zinyoni ezikhanyayo, ezinhle. Abantu baqala ukubamba imicibisholo yegolide ukuze igcinwe ekhaya. Kodwa-ke, bambalwa abantu abazi ukuthi i-goldfinch yasendle izohlala isendle. Izinyoni kuphela ezithengiswa ezitolo ezikhethekile ezifanele ukugcinwa ekhaya.
AmaGoldfinches ayizinyoni ezinhle, ezinelukuluku elinezwi elimangalisayo. Ama-trill awo ayamangalisa, kepha akuwona kuphela ubuhle bezilwane. Usizo lwabo lomuntu nalo lubaluleke kangako. Ama-Goldfinches adla izinambuzane ezidala umonakalo omkhulu ezithelweni. Ngaphandle kwalokho, imvu - inyoni engaba isilwane esithembekile, esithandekayo nesinobudlelwano. Ungathenga ama-goldfinches ekhaya lakho cishe kunoma yisiphi isitolo esikhulu sezilwane.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 06/13/2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 09/23/2019 ngo-10: 15
