Butterfly urticaria - omunye wabamele abaqhakazile futhi abanemibala kakhulu bezimvemvane zasemini. Yathola igama layo ngenxa yokulutha kokudla. Lezi zinambuzane azondli kuphela izimbabazane, kodwa futhi zihlala kaningi emaqabungeni alesi sitshalo, ngaphandle kokwesaba ukuthi zingalunywa. Kwesinye isikhathi babizwa ngokuthi "amantombazane kashokoledi". Lezi zidalwa zinamaphiko amahle ngokungajwayelekile futhi abucayi.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Urticaria
I-Urticaria (Aglais urticae, Nymphalis urticae) ingeyohlobo lweHolarctic lwamabhabhalazi asemini i-Aglais, avela emndenini wakwaNymphalidae. I-epithet urticae ethize ivela egameni elithi nettle, kanti u-Aglais ungunkulunkulukazi wasendulo ongumGrikhi womusa, u-Aglaya. Ngokuya ngendawo yokuhlala, kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-urticaria:
- I-Aglais urticae var. chinensis;
- I-Aglais urticae var. ukuxhuma;
- I-Aglais urticae var. i-baicalensis;
- I-Aglais urticae var. urticae;
- I-Aglais urticae var. polaris;
- I-Aglais urticae var. kansuensis;
- I-Aglais urticae var. i-eximia;
- I-Aglais urticae var. stoetzneri;
- I-Aglais urticae var. i-turcica.
Isihlobo esiseduze salesi sinambuzane sibonwa i-urticaria. Ngaphandle, ziyefana ngokuphelele. Umehluko wabo kuphela indawo enkulu yediski. Itholakala kuma-fenders angaphambili futhi ixhuma emithanjeni. Lolu hlobo luncane kakhulu futhi aluvamile kakhulu.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: AbaseScotland bayiqamba le nhlobo ngokuthi "osathane", ngenkathi eJapan, ngokuphambene nalokho, i-urticaria ibhekwa njengophawu lomphefumulo omncane omsulwa nokungafi. AmaRoma asendulo ayekholelwa ukuthi lezi kwakungezona izinambuzane, kodwa izimbali zezimbali zakhukhulwa ngumoya ovunguzayo, owenza uthando lube ngumuntu, impumelelo, ubuhle, ukuchuma.
Ukuziphatha kwe-Butterfly kuyakwazi ukubikezela isimo sezulu. Uma indiza iba ngezikhathi ezithile, iphithizela, kusho ukuthi maduze izoqala ukuna. Amantombazane kashokoledi ezwa ushintsho emazingeni omswakama maduze futhi azame ukuthola ngokushesha indawo ethokomele yokufihla nokulinda isimo sezulu esibi.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Butterfly urticaria
Ushokoledi lwe-Butterfly Isinambuzane esisezingeni eliphakathi nendawo. Izimpiko zezimvemvane zimnyama ngokusawolintshi, zibomvu njengezitini. Ubude bazo bungu-20-25 mm, ububanzi - 40-60 mm. Izimpiko zangaphambili zinamabala amathathu amnyama, eshintshana nalawo aphuzi. Izindawo ezinkulu ezimnyama zitholakala emaphikweni angaphambili, phezulu kukhanya. Ngemuva kunezindawo ezincane. Abesifazane cishe abahlukile kwabesilisa.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Izimpiko zabenzi bakashokolethi zibucayi kakhulu futhi zintekenteke. Uma inundu liphonseka ngokuzumayo egumbini, abantu bazama ukusiza lesi sinambuzane basidedele singene emgwaqweni. Ezimweni eziningi, izenzo ezinjalo zilimaza izimpiko zovemvane, futhi azikwazi ukundiza ngokujwayelekile.
Ngalinye lamaphiko linokuvelela okucijile, imiphetho inemikhumbi. Ezansi yezimpiko zangemuva kunezikali ezinsundu ezingemuva onsundu, zilandelwe umugqa ogqamile wewolintshi. Onqenqemeni olungaphandle lwamaphiko, ngemuva okungemnyama, kunephethini lamabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka wesimo senyanga enesigamu.
Uhlangothi lwangaphakathi lunsundu ngamabala amancane. Umuntu ngamunye unephethini ehlukile, efana neminwe yomuntu. Ebusika, izimvemvane zilala ubusuku bonke, zisonga amaphiko azo futhi zifane neqabunga elimpunga elomile. Isisu nesifuba kunsundu onsundu ngezinwele ezinsundu. I-Antennae yenundu emise okwenundu.
Ushokoledi unamabhangqa amathathu emilenze atholakala esifubeni. Umndeni unesici esihlukanisayo - imilenze yangaphambilini imifushane kangangokuthi abahlanganyeli enqubweni yokuhamba. Azinawo uzipho. Basebenza kokwehla okuthambile. Ama-chocolate ahamba ngemilenze emaphakathi nengemuva.
Isibungu sevemvane urticaria simnyama ngomugqa ophuzi ngaphezulu. Kuwo wonke umzimba kunezinsipho ezincane eziluhlaza ezinama-bristles. Esigabeni se-pupal, inundu isongwe ngoswidi, ngaphezulu kunezimpondo, abanye abazihlanganisa nosathane.
Ngakho-ke sakubona ngabe isifuba sovemvane sibukeka kanjani... Manje ake sithole ukuthi uvemvane lwe-urticaria luhlala kuphi.
Uhlala kuphi uvemvane lwe-urticaria?
Isithombe: Shokoladnitsa
Lezi zinambuzane, kanye nomcako weklabishi neso lepigogo, zingenye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ukuhlala eYurophu. Ububanzi budlulela ogwini loLwandle i-Arctic. Amantombazane angama-chocolate angatholakala eChina, eJapane, e-Asia Minor nase-Asia Ephakathi, eMongolia, eVietnam, eSiberia, eKorea, emazweni e-CIS yangaphambili.
Ungabona i-urticaria, njengabalingani bayo, epaki, isikwele, izimfunda namasimu, izingadi, emaphethelweni ehlathi nakwezinye izindawo eziqhakazayo. Amabhu akhetha izindawo ezinokuthula nezinokuthula kunamadolobha aphithizelayo. Abasithandi isimo sezulu esibi. Uma uzwa ukusondela komoya onamandla noma imvula, izimvemvane zikashokoledi zifuna lapho ungacasha khona - emigodini yezihlahla, amagumbi angaphansi, ezindlini eziphakeme zezindlu zangasese, ama-verandas.
Ungahlangana namantombazane kashokoledi phezulu ezintabeni. E-Alps, lolu hlobo lwatholakala endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayizinkulungwane ezi-3, naseHimalaya - amamitha ayizinkulungwane ezinhlanu ngaphezu kolwandle. Esigabeni se-pupal, imifece ingabonakala yonke indawo: emagatsheni ezihlahla, emaqabeni naseziqu zezimbali, ezicingweni nasemasangweni, emabhentshini.
Ebusika, izimvemvane azindizeli kude, kodwa zicasha esimweni sezulu esibandayo nesithwathwa ngaphansi kwamagxolo ezihlahla, ezindlini ezingaphansi kwezindlu, emihumeni, futhi kwesinye isikhathi kuvulandi. Abantu basemadolobheni bakhetha izindawo eziseduze nemizi yabantu, ukuze kuthi uma kwenzeka isimo sezulu sibi kube lula ukuthola isiphephelo.
Udlani uvemvane lwe-urticaria?
Isithombe: ushokoledi we-Butterfly
Ngenxa yama-proboscis abo amnyama amnyama, amabhu athola ukudla okuluhlobo lwe-nectar kusuka ku-inflorescence yezitshalo. Esigabeni sesibungu, ushokoledi bathanda kakhulu ukudla amaqabunga e-nettle, abesebenza njengomgomo oyinhloko ekukhetheni igama levemvane. Futhi, izinambuzane azinandaba nokudla:
- IDandelion;
- I-Blackberry;
- UMarjoram;
- Ikhakhasi;
- I-Primrose;
- Elecampane.
Abantu abadala (abadala) abakhethi ngokudla njengezibungu. Ukuzikhethela kokugcina kuzosetshenziswa:
- I-nettle enobulalayo nehlabayo;
- Amahops;
- Insangu.
Amacimbi azelwe kuphela ahlanganisa i-web efanayo futhi adle amaqabunga amancane. Lapho isitshalo esisodwa siphelelwa uhlaza, abasha baya kwesinye. Ngokushesha nje lapho uvemvane luzalwa ngephungane, ngokushesha luyofuna izimbali.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Amabhu awaphikisi ukuphuza ubisi lwe-birch obilile.
Ekupheleni kwehlobo, iLepidoptera iqala ukondla ngokukhuthele. Ukugcina umsebenzi obalulekile wesinambuzane esincane ngenkathi ebandayo, umzimba we-urticaria udinga ukugcina ama-lipids. Ijusi lezimbali libasiza kakhulu kulokhu.
Ngenkathi izimvemvane zifuna umpe, zindiza zisuka kwesinye isitshalo ziye kwesinye, zisifaka impova kuzo. Emaphikweni abo kukhona impova entekenteke, abayiphatha izimbali. Ngenxa yalokhu, bakleliswe endaweni yesibili ezingeni lezinambuzane ezithutha impova. Izinyosi kuphela ezingaphambi kwazo.
Kwesinye isikhathi phakathi noFebhuwari ancibilika, amabhu avuka ebusheni busebusika ngaphambi kwesikhathi bese endiza ezindlini noma emafulethini. Kuze kube sentwasahlobo, isinambuzane singagcinwa ekhaya, sondle ngesisombululo sikashukela noma soju. Ukuze wenze lokhu, moisten swab kakotini ngesiraphu bese ufaka isoso. Imizuzu eyi-10-15 yokondla ngosuku yanele i-urticaria.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Urticaria
Butterfly urticaria ingenye yezimvemvane zokuqala zasentwasahlobo. Iminyaka iqala ngokuvela kwemisebe yokuqala yelanga. Emini bamatasa impova izimbali futhi bafuna ukudla, ebusuku bacasha ezindaweni zokukhosela. Kuze kushintshe izizukulwane ezimbili ngonyaka, kuya ngesimo sezulu. Ungabona lesi sinambuzane kuze kube nguSepthemba.
Amantombazane angama-chocolate ancike kakhulu ezimweni zezulu. Ngesikhathi sesomiso, amanani abo ancipha kakhulu. Ukungabikho kwezulu kuncike ngqo ekutholakaleni kwamanzi, i-nitrogen nezakhi zomzimba emaqabungeni ezitshalo. Ukushoda kwezinto kunciphisa amacimbi futhi kubambezele ukukhula kwawo.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Amantombazane angama-chocolate akwazi ukuhlukanisa imibala, ngokungafani nezinye izinambuzane. Lokhu kukusiza ukuthi uthole izinto ozifunayo.
Ezimweni ezinhle, izinhlobo zingaba khona kuze kube izinyanga eziyi-9. Uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amabhu, angaphila izinsuku ezimbalwa kuphela, i-urticaria iyisibindi sangempela. Ngokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, aziqandi, kepha zilala njengamabhere.
ILepidoptera ayindizi, kepha ihlala ebusika emazweni abo. Emazingeni okushisa angama-21 degrees ngaphansi kuka-zero, izimvemvane ziba yiqhwa zidlule, kodwa azifi. I-metabolism yabo iyancipha futhi amandla asetshenziswa kancane. Ngemisebe yokuqala yelanga, bayancibilika baphile. Ngemuva kobusika, zizalela amaqanda bese ziyafa ngokushesha.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Butterfly urticaria
Njengoba zivukile ebusika, zivuselelekile futhi zaqoqa amandla, izinambuzane ziqala ukuzala. Ekuseni, abesilisa bafuna ukudla, bathamele ilanga, bese beqala ukufuna insikazi ntambama. Akukho kungqubuzana endaweni ethile.
Owesilisa undizela kowesifazane ngemuva futhi akhiphe ukubhuza okuthile. Amahora ambalwa alandelayo azosetshenziswa emidlalweni yokumatanisa. Imvamisa, inqubo yokukhwelana yenzeka ngezimbabazane. Ngemuva kokukhulelwa, owesifazane ubeka inzalo yesikhathi esizayo ngaphakathi kwesitshalo.
Amaqanda okusaqanda ahlaza okotshani noma aphuzi angaba yizicucu eziyi-100 kuye kwangama-200. Isikhathi sokubeka sifinyelela ehoreni elilodwa nohhafu. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, imibungu iyakhula kungakapheli isonto. Amacimbi-amawundlu anamathele ndawonye, kuhlobo olulodwa, futhi awakhasi kuso sonke isitshalo.
Amacimbi amancane azalwa enobude obungu-1.2 mm kuphela. Ekuqaleni, ziluhlaza okotshani, zinamabala nezinwele ezimnyama. Ngesikhathi bekhula, bachitha izikhathi ezine. Umzimba wamacimbi amadala umnyama ngemigqa ephuzi. Sebethulule okokugcina, abantu bakhasa ehlathini.
Babheka indawo yokufundela bese babambelela mpo esiqwini noma eqabeni, bakha isiphungumangathi esibomvu segolide cishe esingamasentimitha ama-2, sikulesi simo cishe amasonto amabili. Ekupheleni kwalesi sikhathi, igobolondo liyaphuka bese kuzalwa uvemvane. Udinga ukuhlala athule imizuzu embalwa ukuze amaphiko akhe aqine futhi angandiza ahambe.
Izitha zemvelo zovemvane lwe-urticaria
Isithombe: Shokoladnitsa
Njengazo zonke izinambuzane, lolu hlobo lwevemvane lunezitha eziningi zemvelo. Phakathi kwabo kukhona ama-amphibian ngesimo samaxoxo; ezihuquzelayo - izinyoka ezingena emaqeleni, izibankwa, izinyoka; izinyoni - i-marsh harrier nezinye eziningi; amagundane amancane.
Ukuzivikela ezitheni, amantombazane kashokoledi anepende lokuzivikela ngaphakathi kwamaphiko. Lapho zisonga amaphiko azo, umbala wokumboza ohlangothini ufana neqabunga elomile. Kepha kaningi akazigcini izimvemvane, futhi izinyoni, uma sezifihliwe, ziyazidla, kwesinye isikhathi kuze kube yingxenye yasebusika.
Kukhona nethuba lokuhlaselwa ngama-parasites. Izinambuzane zeHymenoptera ezifana nezimpukane zingabeka amaqanda emaqabungeni ezitshalo, amacimbi azowadla kamuva. Izibungu zizokhula emzimbeni wesibungu zidle izitho ezivela ngaphakathi. Ngemuva kokufa okubuhlungu, abagibeli abangafika kwabayi-100 bangakhasa baphume emzimbeni kovemvane oluzayo.
Kungaba nzima ukubamba umenzi woshokholethi, ngakho-ke abantu basengozini enkulu esigabeni seqanda, isiphungumangathi noma isibungu. Izinyoni zihlala zondla amaphuphu ngamakhulu amacimbi ngosuku. Izinyoni zibala cishe u-20% wesibungu esidliwe. Izinyoni zibamba amabhu okudla noma okuphumula, zihlikihla esihlahleni ukuze izimpiko ziwe, zidla umzimba kuphela.
Izibungu zingaba yizisulu zamabhungane, ojekamanzi, ama-mantis wokuthandaza, iminyovu. Izicabucabu zingabamba izimvemvane emabhukwini noma zibuke ngezimbali. Umuntu udlala indima ebalulekile. Ngenxa yokucekelwa phansi kwamathafa, oshokoledi balahlekelwa izindawo zabo zokuhlala. Lapho izinambuzane eziyingozi zibhujiswa, izimvemvane eziningi zibulawa ubuthi.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: ushokoledi we-Butterfly
Ngenhlanhla, lezi zinhlobo azikho ohlwini lweRed Data Book, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokuyivikela. Eminyakeni ezayo, ukunyamalala kwe-urticaria nakanjani akusongelwanga. Ngenxa yekhono lokuzivumelanisa nanoma iyiphi indawo yokuhlala, izimvemvane zizala kahle futhi indawo yazo yokuhlala ibanzi kakhulu. Awukwazi ukuhlangana nabo ngaphandle kwaseNyakatho Pole.
Njengoba lezi zinhlobo zingalimazi kwezolimo, amantombazane kashokoledi awakaze azame ukuqothula. Alikho izwe elibona izithombe ezingezinhle ezimvemvane. Abantu bakhona ngobuningi obanele yonke indawo, abadingi ukuvikelwa futhi, ngokusho kososayensi, lolu hlobo ngeke luphele eminyakeni engama-20 ezayo.
Ukurekhoda ukushisa okuphezulu komoya eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngokusho kwabaphenyi, kuholele ekukhuleni okuphezulu kwenani lamabhu. Izimo zezulu zakamuva zilungele ukuba khona nokuzala kwalezi zidalwa ezinhle.
Ngesikhathi sika-2010-2011, inani labesifazane bakashokoledi lenyuke ngama-60%. Kepha ngesikhathi lapho ihlobo lalibanda ngokwanele, inani labantu lehla kakhulu futhi. Usosayensi waseCentre for Ecology uMark Botham ugcizelele ukuthi endaweni kudingeka kugcinwe indawo ekahle yeLepidoptera, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa izindawo abahlala kuzo.
Ukulondolozwa kwamahlathi, okubaluleke kakhulu kulolu hlobo, kusiza kakhulu ekwandiseni inani lezimvemvane. Izinambuzane zihlala endaweni eziyijwayele futhi ushintsho oluncane endaweni yazo lungabalimaza. Ukulondolozwa kwemvelo kusiza lezi zinhlobo zizizwe zingcono futhi zikhiqize ngokuzikhandla.
Ngesikhathi sincibilika, izimvemvane zivame ukubonakala eqhweni. Abantu abakhathalelayo babayisa emakhaya ukuze babasindise emakhazeni. Izici eziningana zizothinta impilo yebhu ekhaya, njengomswakama wasendlini, ukudla okunomsoco, ukunikezwa kwamandla. Ezimweni ezinhle, lesi sinambuzane singaphila amasonto ambalwa.
Ushokoledi lwe-Butterfly isidalwa esihle futhi esingenakuphikwa. Kusukela endulo, ezizweni ezahlukahlukene, babephathwa ngenhlonipho nangokubandlululwa. Kuwo wonke amasiko, izimvemvane ziye zahlotshaniswa nophawu lokuchuma, impumelelo, uthando nenhlalakahle. Amabhu enza umdanso wokukhwelana aqhathaniswa nemibhangqwana ejabule othandweni futhi asebenza njengophawu lwenjabulo yomndeni.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 01.06.2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 20.09.2019 ngo-21: 43
