Okwakudala noma okwaseYurophu ukuvakasha kwezinkunzi - isilwane esingasekho ngekhulu le-16, okuyisizukulwane senkomo ejwayelekile yesimanje. Izinhlobo ezisondelene kakhulu zezinkunzi zasendle zasendulo namuhla yi-watussi.
Ukuvakasha kwakuhlala emathafeni asempumalanga yasendulo kanye nasehlathini. Namuhla babhekwa njengabantu abangasekho ngokuphelele abanyamalala ebusweni bomhlaba. Isizathu esiyinhloko sokunyamalala kwalezi zilwane zasendle kwakuwukuzingela nemisebenzi yezomnotho yesintu. Abantu bokugcina bezinhlobo bafa ngenxa yesifo esingaziwa.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Uhambo lweBull
Emibhalweni yasendulo yomlando, kuvame ukuba nencazelo eningiliziwe yezilwane ezinkulu kakhulu ezinezimpondo ezibukeka zifana nenkunzi ye-tur. Le yi-ur auerox reemu. Kunezincazelo eziningi nemidwebo yalesi silo esikhulu sasendle. Ngokusobala, kwakuyisilwane lesi ekuqaleni esasingukhokho wenkunzi yenkomo engasekho kamuva, eyayihlala futhi isakaze yonke indawo endle, kuze kube maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka AD.
Ividiyo: Bull tour
Ekhulwini le-16 elikude, isampula lokugcina eliyingqayizivele lohambo lwasendle lalahleka. Kunamawele wesilwane esingasekho emhlabeni - izinkunzi zaseNdiya nezase-Afrika, izinkomo ezifuywayo. Ucwaningo, izinto zakudala, amaqiniso ahlukahlukene omlando asiza ukufunda izinto eziningi ezithakazelisayo ngalolu hambo. Ekuqaleni, kwakukhona inani elikhulu lokuvakasha emhlabeni. Inani lalezi zilwane lancipha kancane kancane laze lanyamalala ngokuphelele.
Lokhu kungenxa yezizathu eziningana:
- ngomsebenzi wabantu;
- nokuphazamiseka nezimo zemvelo;
- ngokugawulwa kwamahlathi.
Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-15, izinhlobo ezingama-30 zalezi zilwane ezinkulu ezinezimpondo zaqoshwa endaweni yasePoland. Ngokushesha kwase kusele abambalwa babo. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-16, isifanekiso sokugcina sehambo yasendle esikhona endaweni yaso yemvelo safa. Akekho ongazi ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani ukuthi inhlekelele enjalo yenzeke. Kuyaziwa ukuthi laba bantu bokugcina abafanga ngenxa yomsebenzi wabantu, kodwa ngenxa yesifo esidluliswa ngefa lofuzo kokhokho babo.
Ngemuva kwe-Ice Age, ukuvakasha kwezinkunzi ezinkulu kwakuyisilwane esikhulu esinezinselo, njengoba kuqinisekiswa ngokusobala isithombe senkunzi. Namuhla, yinyathi yasendle yaseYurophu kuphela engafana nalobukhulu. Ngenxa yocwaningo oluningiliziwe lwesayensi kanye nezincazelo eziningi zomlando, kungenzeka ukuthi buchaze ngokunembile usayizi, ukubukeka nokuziphatha okujwayelekile kohambo olungasekho. Kodwa akekho okwamanje okwazile ukuzala lesi silwane.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Ukuvakasha kwenkunzi yezilwane
Abaphenyi bafakazele ukuthi ukuvakasha kwezinkunzi kwakuyisilwane esikhulu ngokwanele. Wayenomzimba ominyene, onemisipha, ukuphakama kwakhe kwakufika kumamitha amabili. Inkunzi endala ingaba nesisindo esingaphezu kwama-800 kg. Kwakuyisilwane esinamandla, ukuphakama kokubuna kungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-1.8. Ikhanda eliqhoshayo lalithweswe umqhele ngezimpondo ezinkulu ezibukhali, ezifika ku-1 m ububanzi, ziqondiswe ngaphakathi. Lokhu kwanika inkunzi ukubukeka okwesabekayo. Abantu abadala babemnyama benomugqa omhlophe ngemuva. Izinsikazi nezilwane ezincane zazinombala onsundu ngokubomvu.
Kwakunezinhlobo ezimbili zezinkunzi zasendle: amaNdiya kanye neYurophu.
Uhlobo lwenkunzi lwaseYurophu lwahlukaniswa ngobukhulu obukhulu nesisindo esinzima. Nguye owaba ngukhokho wezinkomo ezifuywayo zesimanje ezinikeza umuntu izinzuzo eziningi. Esinye isici esivelele salolu hambo kwakuwukubuya emuva okuzingelwayo. Lesi sici sokubukeka satholwa yizinkunzi zaseSpain.
Izinsikazi zenkunzi yasendulo zazinombele omncane ofihlwe ngoboya obukhulu. I-herbivore yondla futhi yakhiqiza kabusha njengezinkomo zanamuhla ezifuywayo nezinkomo ezithanda ukuthula, kepha yahlukaniswa ngamandla amakhulu namandla. Lokhu kubanikeze amandla okumelana ngempumelelo nanoma yisiphi isitha nokuvikela inzalo yabo.
ITur, noma inkunzi yasendle yasendulo, yayinobuhle obuningi obamsiza emzabalazweni wakhe wokusinda:
- ukukhuthazela;
- isilwane sasinoboya obukhulu, obukhulu futhi singakwazi ukubekezelela ubusika obubandayo obukhulu;
- ukungathobeki;
- izinkambo zazidla amadlelo, zidla noma yiziphi izimila;
- ukujwayela okuhle;
- izilwane zijwayele kahle kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwendawo futhi kunoma iyiphi indawo. Endaweni yehlathi, babezizwa bekhulu phakathi kwezihlahla nezihlahla; e-steppe, izilwane zingaba nenkululeko yokuhamba kanye nemihlambi emikhulu;
- ukumelana nezifo eziningi;
- imizuliswano ibinokuzivikela okwenziwe kahle kuzo zonke izifo nokutheleleka, obe nomthelela ezingeni eliphakeme lokusinda lenzalo;
- inzalo;
- Abesifazane be-auroch bazala izingane minyaka yonke, kusukela onyakeni owodwa ubudala. Lokhu kwanikeza ukukhula okuhle kwemfuyo kuyo yonke indawo yokuhlala izilwane;
- okuqukethwe okuhle kwamafutha obisi;
- abesifazane babenobisi olunamafutha kakhulu, olunomsoco. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi amathole akhule aqine, amelane nezifo kanye nokutheleleka.
Uhambo lwenkunzi lwaluhlala kuphi?
Isithombe: I-Wild Bull Tour
Ezikhathini zasendulo, indawo yokuhlala ye-tur kwakuyizindawo ezinama-steppe nama-savannah. Ngemuva kwalokho kwadingeka athuthukise amahlathi namahlathi, lapho izilwane zingaphepha khona futhi zizitholele ukudla okwanele.
Ngokuvamile, imihlambi yezinkunzi zasendle yayikhetha ukuhlala ezindaweni ezinamanzi. Abavubukuli banamuhla bavundulule inani elikhulu lamathambo ezinkomo endaweni yase-Obolon nasePoland. Lapho, kwabhalwa ngokufa kommeleli wokugcina walesi sifo esivela kwizifo zofuzo ezingaziwa.
Yini edliwe uhambo lwenkunzi?
Isithombe: Bull tour animal
Inkunzi yasendulo yayidla kamnandi ngokuphelele.
Wadla konke okwakungena endleleni yakhe, ukudla kwakhe kwakungu:
- utshani obusha;
- amahlumela amancane ezihlahla;
- amaqabunga nezihlahlana.
Ehlobo, lezi zinkunzi zazinotshani obanele obukhula ezifundeni ezisemahlathini. Ebusika, imihlambi kwakudingeka ichithe ubusika emahlathini ukuze izondle futhi ingabulawa indlala.
Ngokuphathelene nokugawulwa kwamahlathi okusebenzayo, ukudla kwezitshalo kuye kwaba kuncane, ngakho-ke, kaningi ngenkathi yasebusika, ukuvakasha kwakudingeka kulambe. Abaningi babo bafa ngenxa yalesi sizathu, bengakwazi ukubekezelela ukuntuleka kokudla.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Uhambo lweBull
Izinkambo zasendle zahola indlela yokuphila yomhlambi, lapho ikhanda lalihlala lingelesifazane njalo. Ama-gobies amancane ngokuvamile ayehlala emhlambini ohlukile, lapho ayengadla ngokukhululeka khona, ajabulele ubusha bawo nenkululeko. Abantu abadala bakhetha ukuthatha umhlalaphansi ekujuleni kwehlathi futhi bahlala ngokwehlukana ngokuphelele nawo wonke umuntu, ekuthuleni kwesizungu sabo. Izinsikazi ezinamathole zazihlala ekujuleni kwehlathi, zivikela inzalo emehlweni abukhali.
Ezinkondlweni zabantu baseRussia, lolu hambo lushiwo ezihlokweni ezidumile mayelana noDobryna noMarina, mayelana noVasily Ignatievich noSolovy Budimirovich. Emicikilishweni yasendulo yamaSlav, inkunzi isimilo esifihlekile esiza ngesikhathi sikaKhisimusi. Emlandweni wasendulo waseRoma nakweminye imicikilisho yenkolo, lesi sithombe senkunzi yokuvakasha sasivame ukusetshenziswa njengesibonakaliso samandla, amandla nokunganqobeki.
Uhambo lwasendle olungasekho lwashiya izinkumbulo ezinhle kanye nenzalo yabo ewusizo. Izinhlobo zanamuhla zezinkomo zondla isintu ngobisi nenyama, okuyisisekelo somkhakha wokudla emhlabeni jikelele.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: I-Wild Tour
Imikhuba yohambo iwele ezinyangeni zokuqala zasekwindla. Abesilisa bebelokhu belwa nomzabalazo onamandla wokuthola owesifazane. Ngokuvamile izimpi ezinjalo zazigcina ngokufa komphikisi obuthakathaka. Insikazi njalo iya esilwaneni esiqine kakhulu.
Ukuzala kwakwenzeka ezinyangeni zasentwasahlobo. Owesifazane okhulelwe, ezwa ukusondela kokuzala, uthathe umhlalaphansi ekujuleni kwehlathi, lapho kuvela khona ingane. Umama wafihla ngokucophelela futhi wavikela izinyane lakhe kubantu ababengaba izitha nakubantu amasonto ambalwa. Uma ukuzala kwenzeka kamuva, khona-ke abantwana abakwazanga ukusinda ngenkathi ebandayo futhi bafa.
Imvamisa abesilisa bama-aurochs babekopisha izinkomo ezifuywayo. Ngenxa yalokho, kwazalwa amathole e-hybrid angenayo impilo ebuthaka futhi asheshe afa.
Izitha zemvelo zenkunzi nxazonke
Isithombe: Uhambo lweBull
Ukuvakasha kwakuyizilwane ezinamandla futhi ezinamandla kakhulu, ezikwazi ukumelana nanoma imuphi umhlaseli. Ngakho-ke, ngokwemvelo, babengenazo izitha. Isitha esikhulu salezi zinkunzi kwakuyindoda. Ukuzingela njalo kohambo akuzange kume amakhulu eminyaka. Inkunzi yasendle ebulewe iyindebe enkulu.
Inyama yesidumbu esikhulu ibingondla inani elikhulu labantu. Kunezinganekwane eziningi zokuncoma emlandweni mayelana nokuthi izikhulu zasendulo zazibandakanyeka kanjani ekuzingeleni ngempumelelo izinkunzi, zahlula ngosizo lwezikhali noma ngobuhlakani bazo, zathola uboya obubalulekile nenyama eningi.
Uhambo lwaluzolile futhi ngasikhathi sinye izilwane ezinolaka. Babekwazi ukubhekana nanoma yisiphi isilwane esidla ezinye. Ukufa kwabantu abaningi ngezinkunzi zasendle kwaqoshwa ngabantu. Ubuntu buzamile ukusindisa izilwane ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene. Bazama ukuvikela, ukwelapha, ukuzala ekhaya nasendle. Zondliwe ebusika, ziletha utshani emadokodweni asehlathini nasemasimini. Kodwa yonke imizamo yomuntu yaba yize, inani labantu bezinkunzi zasendle lancipha futhi lanyamalala ngokuphelele.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: I-Extinct Bull Tour
Ezikhathini zangaphambi komlando, lolu hambo lwalutholakala cishe kulo lonke elaseYurophu, e-Asia, eNyakatho Afrika, eCaucasus naseNdiya. Ezwenikazi lase-Afrika naseMesopotamiya, izilwane zaqothulwa ngisho nangaphambi kwesikhathi sethu. Emazweni aseYurophu, ukuvakasha kwakuxutshwe isikhathi eside kakhulu, kuze kube sekhulwini le-16.
Kunezinhlobo ezilandelayo zohambo lwe-Eurasia:
- IBos primigenius namadicus - ukuvakasha kwaseNdiya;
- Bos primigenius africanus - ukuvakasha kwaseNyakatho Afrika.
Ukuqothulwa kwesibalo sabantu kwasizwa ukuqedwa kwehlathi okukhulu ezwenikazi laseYurophu. Lokhu kubangelwe ukukhula kwenqubekela phambili kanye nokuthuthuka okusebenzayo kwemboni yezinkuni kulo lonke izwekazi.
Ngekhulu le-14, lezi zivakashi zase zihlala ezindaweni ezihlala abantu abambalwa kuphela namahlathi akude atholakala ezindaweni zeBelarus zanamuhla, iPoland neLithuania. Izinkunzi zasendle zazithathwa ngaphansi kokuvikelwa kwemithetho yala mazwe futhi zahlala njengezilwane ezifuywayo emagcekeni obukhosi avikelekile. Ngekhulu le-16, umhlambi omncane waqoshwa ngaseWarsaw, ngamakhanda nje angaphezulu kwama-20.
Uhambo lokuqapha inkunzi
Isithombe: Ukuvakasha kwenkunzi yezilwane
Namuhla, izizukulwane ezifuywayo ze-auroch zingatholakala eSpain noma eLatin America. Zifana nokhokho wazo kwimininingwane yangaphandle, kepha isisindo nokuphakama kwenzalo kuncane kakhulu.
Ngokuncipha kwendawo yehlathi, inani labantu be-tur nalo lehla. Ngokushesha, kwavinjelwa ngokuphelele ukudubula lesi silwane. Kepha akukho okwakungasindisa inani labantu ekuqothulweni futhi uhambo lwezinkunzi lwalahleka isintu cishe ngekhulu le-16 laphakade, langena ohlwini lwezinhlobo zezilwane ezanyamalala ngokuphelele ebusweni bomhlaba. Emazweni anamuhla aseSpain naseLatin America, izinkunzi ezilwayo, izihlobo zohambo, zikhuliswa ngokukhethekile emapulazini akhethekile. Asetshenziselwa ukubamba iqhaza emibonisweni yokulwa nezinkunzi, ezithandwa kakhulu kulezi zindawo.
Ngokuya ngesakhiwo somzimba wabo nokubukeka okujwayelekile, izinkunzi ezilwayo zifana nezihlobo zazo zasendle, kepha zihluke kakhulu ngesisindo, esifinyelela ngokulambisa ku-0.5 wamathani nokuphakama - ezingaphansi kuka-1.5 m, okungaphansi kakhulu kokhokho bazo. I-turboby iboniswe engutsheni yesimanje yezwe laseMoldova, ezigqokeni zezingalo zamadolobha afana neLithuanian Kaunas, idolobha lase-Ukraine iTurka esifundeni saseLviv.
Ukuvakasha kuvame ukutholakala kumlando wabantu baseSlavic, igama lakhe "uhlala" emazwini, izaga, ama-epics nemikhuba yase-Ukraine, eRussia, eGalicia esasinda kuze kube yilolu suku. Ezinganekwaneni zomculo zase-Ukraine, lolu hambo luvame ukukhulunywa ngezingoma zomshado nezamasiko, ama-carols nemidlalo yabantu.
Ososayensi basazama ngempumelelo ukulingisa inkunzi ye-tour, ene-torso enamandla amakhulu namandla amakhulu omzimba. Kepha kuze kube manje akekho osekwazile ukwenza lokhu. Ukuvakasha kwenkunzi ugcina izimfihlo zakhe ngokucophelela, angazidaluli kunoma ngubani. Isondo lomlando alinakuhlehliswa. Ngakho-ke, abantu badinga ukubhekana nalokhu kulahlekelwa kabuhlungu kohambo lwezinkunzi futhi babonge lesi sidlakela sasendulo ngezinkomo zabo ezithandekayo, ezinomusa nezisebenziseka kahle.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 23.04.2019
Usuku lokuvuselela: 19.09.2019 ngo-22: 30
