Kunezidalwa eziningi ezimangalisayo emhlabeni wethu, idla intuthwanemhlawumbe omunye wabo. Emva kwakho konke, ukubukeka kwakhe okungavamile kukhunjulwa kakhulu. Ufana nomfokazi owehla emkhathini noma iqhawe elingavamile emakhasini amahlaya agqamile. Ngisho noSalvador Dali uqobo wayegqugquzelwe yi-anteater waze wanquma ukuba ngomunye wabokuqala ukuba nesilwane esiyingqayizivele, esasijabulisa futhi simangaza wonke umuntu oseduze.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Anteater
Kusuka kunoma iyiphi i-encyclopedia ephathelene nezilwane, ungathola ukuthi izilwane ezincelisayo ezivela ekuhleleni kwamazinyo angaphelele zingezomndeni wezilwane. Njengomphumela wokuvubukula kwe-paleontological eSouth America, ososayensi bakwazile ukuthola izinsalela zalezi zilwane, abathi zenziwa yisikhathi seMiocene. Kodwa-ke, izazi zezilwane zisikisela ukuthi izindawo zokudla ezindala sezindala kakhulu futhi zavela ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Ososayensi bahlukanisa izigaba ezintathu kulo mndeni omangalisayo:
- Izindawo zokudlela ezinkulu (ezinkulu);
- Ama-anteat ezinezinzwane noma i-tamandua;
- Izidlambi zemifantu.
Izinhlobo zama-anteat ezinsiza ezihlukile ahlukile kakhulu ekubukekeni, endaweni yazo, kodwa nasendleleni yazo yokuphila. Ake sicabangele ngokuningiliziwe uhlobo ngalunye.
Ividiyo: Anteater
I-anteater enkulu ngokufanele ilifanele leli gama, ngoba iyona enkulu kunazo zonke emndenini wayo. Ubude bomzimba wakhe bufinyelela imitha elilodwa nohhafu, futhi uma ungeza umsila, uzothola cishe womathathu. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi umsila wakhe ucwebezela kakhulu futhi ubukeka ucebile.
Isisindo se-anteater esikhulile cishe singama-40 kg. Uhlala yedwa emhlabeni. Uhamba, agobe izidladla zakhe ngendlela ethokozisayo, ukuze anganciki kuzipho ezinkulu, kepha anyathele ngemuva kwemilenze yangaphambili. Isifonyo sihlangene kakhulu. Lokhu akumangazi, ngoba kufakwa ulimi olude olunamathelayo olucishe lube ngama-60 cm ubude kulo.
ITamandua noma i-anteater eneminwe emine incane kakhulu kunale eyedlule, inokwakhiwa okulingene. Ubude bomzimba wakhe busuka ku-55 kuye ku-90 cm, kanti isisindo sakhe sisuka ku-4 kuye ku-8 kg. Inegama layo ngoba ineminwe emine eminyene emilenzeni yayo yangaphambili. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi uzipho lwemilenze yangaphambili lide, kuthi kwangemuva imilenze emihlanu izinyawo zifushane.
Umsila mude, ubambekile, unethiphu elingenaboya, okwazi ukubambelela ngobuciko emagatsheni. Le anteater izwa kamnandi phansi nasesihlalweni somuthi.
I-anteater emfushane nayo iphila ngokuvumelana negama layo, ngoba le ngane ayivamile ukudlula ama-20 cm ubude futhi inesisindo esingamakhulu amane kuphela amagremu. Le ngane ihlala kuphela ezihlahleni, ihamba ngomqhele ochumayo ngosizo lomsila wayo omude, ongaphambili nemilenze engaphambili eminyene.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Isilwane esidla izilwane
Sesivele sithole ukuthi abamele ama-anteat avela ezigabeni ezahlukahlukene babukeka behluke ngokuphelele, kepha-ke, kunezici ezithile ezijwayelekile zokubukeka kwabo. Enye yazo ubukhona bolimi olude, lumbozwe ngamathe anamathele, ukuze kube lula ukudla izinambuzane. Esinye isici esivamile sabo bonke isifonyo esihlanganisiwe, esifana neshubhu, umlomo wethulwa ngendlela yesikhala esincane.
Izindlebe ezincane eziyindilinga namehlo amancane yisici esifanayo kubo bonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-anteaters anokuhamba okuhlukile, ngoba bafaka imilenze yabo ngemhlane wezidladla zabo ukuze izinzipho zingaphumuli phansi.
Bonke abamele ama-anteaters banomsila. Kulezo ezihola impilo ye-arboreal, inamandla futhi inesibindi, ayinaboya obude, nasendlini enkulu yezilwane, inkulu futhi iluhlaza.
Kwabamele izizukulwane ezahlukahlukene, insikazi ihlale incane kancane kunowesilisa. Imilenze yangaphambili yawo wonke ama-anteater ifakwe uzipho olude, olunamandla, ngosizo lwalo ukuzivikela nokukhuphuka kwamagatsha. Imilenze yangemuva ayinqunyiwe njengaleyo yangaphambili, uzipho lwayo lincane kakhulu. I-anteater ngayinye, kungakhathalekile ukuthi hlobo luni lohlobo nezinhlobo zayo, inejazi loboya. Abanye banoboya obufushane futhi obuthambile obusilika kulo, kanti abanye banoboya obumunyu, obukhanyayo futhi obude kakhulu.
Umbala wama-anteaters nawo uhlukile. Abanye banengubo yegolide yegolide, abanye bampunga obumnyama ngezinto ezinomnyama. Isisu sivamise ukuba mpunga okhanyayo ngemithambo emhlophe noma ephuzi. Umbala wama-anteat anezinzwane ezine ufana ngandlela thile nombala wepanda elikhulu. Unomzimba okhanyayo, sengathi ugqoke ivesti elimnyama. Esinye isici esivamile sawo wonke ama-anteat amandla amakhulu amathambo amade ogebhezi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zidalwa ezimangalisayo azinawo nhlobo amazinyo, futhi umhlathi wazo ongezansi uphakeme kakhulu, uzacile futhi ubuthakathaka.
Ihlala kuphi i-anteater?
Isithombe: Anteater waseNingizimu Melika
Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-anteaters zisakazeka kabanzi eMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu, ezihlala kulezi zindawo ezilandelayo:
- EMexico;
- IBolivia;
- IBrazil;
- I-Paraguay;
- I-Argentina;
- IPeru;
- IPanama;
- I-Uruguay.
Okokuqala, ama-anteaters athakazelisa emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo, yize amanye ehlala ezindaweni ezivulekile zama-savannah. Bathanda ukutholakala osebeni lwamachibi ahlukahlukene. Uma kubhekwa izindawo lapho bethunyelwa khona unomphela, kusobala ukuthi bangabezilwane ezithanda ukushisa ezikhetha isimo sezulu esishisayo.
Uma sibheka ukuhlala kwalezi zilwane, khona-ke ziyehluka ngokuya ngendlela yempilo (yasemhlabeni noma eyisihlava) okuholwa i-anteater. Ezingxenyeni ezinkulu zokudlalela phansi, lokhu kuvamise ukuba yizinciphiso ezincane ezimbiwa emhlabathini lapho zilala khona, kwesinye isikhathi zihlala emgodini omkhulu oshiywe ezinye izilwane. Abamele izinzwane ezine zezidliwayo bathanda izimbozo zezihlahla, benza izidleke ezithokomele nezikhululekile kuzo.
Izindawo zokudlela ezisesidlangalaleni zihlala nasemigodini, kuphela emincane, kepha ziyabonakala njalo ziphumula, zilenga egatsheni, ezibambelela kuzo ngokuqinile ngezinzipho zazo ezigobile ngaphambili. Imilenze eqinile enezinzipho ezicijile ziyibambe ngokuphepha, ngakho-ke azesabi ukuwa futhi zilale endaweni emisiwe.
Idlani i-anteater?
Isithombe: Isilwane se-Anteater
Akunzima nakancane ukuqagela ukuthi imenyu ye-anteater iqukethe ini, ukwahlulela ngegama lalesi silwane esimangalisayo. Ngokwemvelo, leli inani elikhulu kakhulu lezintuthwane nomuhlwa. Izilwane azizideleli ezinye zonke izinhlobo zezinambuzane, isimo esikhulu kuphela ukuthi zincane, ngoba i-anteater ayinamazinyo ngokuphelele. Kulokhu, izilwane zigwinya konke ukudla, bese kugaywa esiswini. Ngenjwayelo, uma incane le nciniba uqobo lwayo incane, izinambuzane ezincane elizisebenzisayo ukuze lizidle.
Ngokumangazayo, ama-anteaters akhetha kakhulu ukudla kwawo, ngokuqinisekile azi okuningi mayelana nomuhlwa omnandi nezintuthwane. Azidli izintuthwane zamasosha nalezo zinambuzane ezivikele amakhemikhali emkhakheni wazo wokugcina izikhali. Izidleke zidla izinambuzane eziningi kakhulu. Isibonelo, i-anteater enkulu idla izintuthwane nama-termite afinyelela ku-30,000 ngosuku, kanti i-anteat enezinzwane ezine idla cishe i-9,000.
Imvamisa, izilwane azisebenzisi amanzi, zinoketshezi olwanele olungena emzimbeni nokudla. Kodwa ososayensi-izazi zezilwane bathola ukuthi kwesinye isikhathi badla izithelo zemithi yesundu, bakhipha umswakama nezinye izakhi zomzimba ezibalulekile ngosizo lwezinzipho ezinkulu.
Izindawo zokudlela zifana nezindawo ezihlanza umshini ezizulazula emahlathini nasemathafeni afuna izindunduma zomuhlwa namagquma entuthwane. Lapho usuyitholile, idili langempela le-anteater liqala, liphele ngokubhujiswa okuphelele nokubhujiswa kwezinambuzane, ezikhishwa ngokoqobo ekhaya labo. Lapho idla, ulimi olude lwesihlabani sezinyoni luhamba cishe ngejubane lombani, lufinyelela ijubane lokunyakaza okungu-160 ngomzuzu. Izinambuzane zinamathela kuso njengonamathele, ongeke ususwe.
Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi isisu se-anteater asinayo i-hydrochloric acid, esiza ekugayeni ukudla. Kufakwa i-formic acid, engena emzimbeni nokudla. Kwesinye isikhathi ama-anteater, njengezinyoni, ukugwinya isihlabathi namatshe amancane, lokhu akwenzela ukusiza ukugaya, ukuqinisa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, wonke ama-anteaters anemetabolism ephansi kakhulu. Ezingxenyeni ezinkulu zokudla, izinga lokushisa lomzimba lingama-degree angama-32, 7 kuphela, liphansi kakhulu uma liqhathaniswa nezinye izilwane ezincelisayo zomzimba. Ezingcwabeni ezinezinzwane ezine nezimifushane, iphakeme, kodwa hhayi kakhulu.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi izidleke zezilwane ezifuywayo zidla ukudla okuhlukahlukene kakhulu kunabalingani bazo basendle. Bayakujabulela ukudla zonke izinhlobo zezithelo nemifino, baphuze ubisi, bathande ushizi, inyama egayiwe, irayisi elibilisiwe. Lawa ama-gourmets, kuphela kungcono ukuthi ungawajwayeli amaswidi, kuyingozi kakhulu kubo.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: I-anteater enkulu
Ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zama-anteaters, indlela yempilo yazo yehlukile ngokwemvelo. Isibonelo, ama-anteater amakhulu ahola impilo yasemhlabeni, ama-anteat amancane ahola impilo yesihlahla, kanti ama-antees anezinzwane ezine ahlanganisa zombili. Izilwane zisebenza kakhulu kusihlwa. Ngokwemvelo yazo, lezi zidalwa ezingajwayelekile zingabantu bodwa, ngaphandle kwezinsikazi ezinamazinyane, yize obaba bebambe iqhaza ekukhuliseni izingane isikhathi esithile.
Kuyaqabukela, ama-anteaters akha izinyunyana zomndeni eziqinile, lokhu kuziphatha kuyinto ehlukile kubo, kepha lokhu, nokho, kuyenzeka. Imvelo ayizinikanga izindlalifa ukuzwa okubucayi nokubona okuhle, kepha iphunga lazo lihle kakhulu, futhi liyasiza ekufuneni i-yummy. Elinye ikhono lama-anteater yikhono lokubhukuda, ukugcina emanzini ngokuzethemba okukhulu futhi ngempumelelo ukunqoba imizimba emikhulu yamanzi.
Ngokuqondene nokuhlelwa kwekhaya, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zinokuthandwa okuhlukile. ITamandua ithandwa yimigodi emikhulu ezihlahleni, lapho zakha khona izidleke ezithokomele. Izindawo zokudlela ezinkulu zimba imigodi engajulile, eziyisebenzisela ukuphumula, futhi ihlala amahora afinyelela kwangu-15 ngosuku. Njengokufihla kanye nengubo, ngasikhathi sinye, bacasha ngemuva komsila wabo ocebile, njengomlandeli ovuthiwe. Abameleli bemifantu bezindawo zokudla okungajwayelekile bavame ukuphumula, kulenga ngqo egatsheni ngosizo lwemilenze engaphambili eqine, futhi basonga umsila wabo ezithweni zangemuva.
Ama-Anteater anezindawo zawo ezihlukene lapho adla khona. Uma kunokudla okwanele, izabelo ezinjalo azinkulu neze, kepha zifinyelela endaweni engamakhilomitha ayisigcawu, lezo zikhala zitholakala ePanama. Lapho kungekho khona ukudla okuningi, isakhiwo se-anteater singafinyelela kumahektare ayi-2,5.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi i-tamandua ayisebenzi kuphela kusihlwa, ingahlala iphapheme usuku lonke. Uma kungekho lutho olusongela i-anteater enkulu, isendaweni ezolile nenokuthula, khona-ke ingasebenza nasemini, konke kuya ngendawo ezungezile.
Ngokuvamile, izindawo zokudlalela azinalo ulaka futhi zinemvelo eyanele, zikhetha ukuhlala ngokuthula nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane futhi azisoze zaba ezokuqala ukuhlasela.
Labo abathathe isilwane esidla isilwane bathi izilwane zikhule ngokwanele ngokwanele, bafunda kalula imiyalo eminingi, kujabulisa abanikazi bazo. Imvamisa, i-tamandua igcinwa njengesilwane esifuywayo, yize umculi odumile uSalvador Dali eke wakhetha idlozi elikhulu, ehamba naye emigwaqweni yaseParis nge-leash yegolide, okumangaze labo abaseduze kwakhe.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: I-Anteater cub
Njengoba sekushiwo, ama-anteaters yizilwane ezizimele ezikhetha ukuhlala ngaphandle kweqoqo. Kuphela isikhathi sokuhlangana nokukhulisa inzalo lapho benza ubumbano lomndeni lwesikhashana. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi owesilisa usiza insikazi ukunakekela ingane ejwayelekile, okungangabazeki ukuthi imenza ahlangane. Yize kukhona okuhlukile phakathi kwalezi zilwane eziyimfihlakalo, kuyaqabukela kakhulu ukuthi zenze imibhangqwana iminyaka eminingi noma impilo yonke, ngokusobala, lolu uthando lweqiniso.
UTamandua ne-anteater enkulu banesikhathi sabo somshado ekwindla. Isikhathi sokukhulelwa ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene sithatha kusuka ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. Entwasahlobo, abazali banezinyane elilodwa. Usenamazipho acijile futhi ukhwela ngokushesha emhlane kanina. Ubaba ubuye abelethe ingane yakhe emhlane, isikhathi esithile esiza umama kwezemfundo. Izinyanga eziyisithupha, owesifazane uphatha ingane ngobisi lwakhe, yize kwesinye isikhathi kuze kube unyaka owodwa nohhafu, ingane ihlala nonina ize ivuthwe ngokocansi.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi esidlekeni esikhulu, ingane iyikhophi elincane labazali bayo, kanti kule enezinzwane ezine ayibukeki nhlobo futhi ingaba mnyama ngokuphelele noma imhlophe ngokuphelele.
Izindawo zokudlalela ezomdlandla ngokuvamile ziyahlangana entwasahlobo. Ubaba usiza nomama omncane ukuba akhulise ingane. Kubo bonke abameleli bezindawo zokudla, izingane esezikhulile azondli ngobisi lwebele kuphela, kepha futhi nezinambuzane eziphinde zaphindiselwa ngabazali bazo, ngaleyo ndlela zijwayele ukudla kwabantu abadala.
Ama-Anteaters angabizwa ngokufanele ngokuthi ayikhulu leminyaka, ngoba, ngokwesilinganiso, laba bameleli abangajwayelekile bezilwane baphila iminyaka eyi-16 kuya kwengu-18, kanti ezinye izinhlobo zasinda zaya ku-25.
Izitha zemvelo zama-anteaters
Isithombe: Anteater
Uma endle kuma-anteat amakhulu nezinzwane ezine izilwane ezinjengama-cougars nama-jaguar zisebenza njengezitha, khona-ke kubamele abancane bomndeni we-anteater kunezingozi eziningi kakhulu, ngisho nezinyoni ezinkulu nezikebhe zingabasongela.
Ku-anteater enkulu, isikhali sayo esiyinhloko singamazipho amakhulu amakhulu amasentimitha ayishumi, angakwazi ngawo ukudabula isitha, njengemimese ebukhali. Ngesikhathi sokulwa, isilwane sisukuma ngemilenze yangemuva, futhi silwe nomuntu ongaqondile ngemilenze yaso yangaphambili, lezi zingalo ezinamandla zingaze zisichoboze isitha. Ngokuvamile, izilwane ezidla ezinye, lapho zibona isibindi namandla anjalo, ziyahamba futhi azihlangani nesidliwane esikhulu, ngoba zimbheka njengesitha esiyingozi futhi esinamandla esikwazi ukulimaza kakhulu.
Izindawo zokudlela izihlahla ezincane nazo zizivikela ngesibindi, naphezu kobukhulu bazo obufushane. Zima ngezinyawo zazo zangemuva, futhi zigcina izinzipho zazo zangaphambili zilungile phambi kwazo ukushaya isitha. I-anteater enezinzwane ezine, kanye nezindlela ezinkulu zokuzivikela, ibuye isebenzise imfihlo ekhethekile enephunga, efihlwa yizindlala zayo zangasese, isuse izitha ngephunga elibi.
Yize kunjalo, abantu banomthelela omkhulu enanini lezidliwayo, baziqothule, ngokuqondile nangokuphila kwabo okusebenzayo.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Giant Anteater
Ngenxa yokuthi wonke ama-anteaters akhetha kakhulu imikhuba yawo yokudla futhi anezingane ezimbalwa, inani lawo lincane futhi minyaka yonke liyancipha ngenxa yokungenelela okusebenzayo kwabantu.
Abantu bomdabu cishe abazingeli izidleke ngenxa yenyama yabo. Izikhumba ze-anteater ezinezinzwane ezine kwesinye isikhathi zisetshenziswa ezintweni zesikhumba, kepha kuyaqabukela futhi zenziwe ngamanani amancane. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, abameleli abakhulu bezindawo zokudla ezingadliwayo bayaqhubeka nokunyamalala ezindaweni zabo ezijwayelekile eMelika Ephakathi, futhi sebanyamalala ezindaweni eziningi.
Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba izindawo zabo zokuhlala ngokuphelele zingaphansi kokubhujiswa ngenxa yomsebenzi wabantu, osusa izindawo ezingadliwe ezindaweni zabo ezijwayelekile, ukugawula amahlathi, ukulima ama-savanna, okuholela ekufeni kwalezi zidalwa ezingavamile.
Ezingxenyeni zaseNingizimu Melika, abazingeli abaphishekela izindebe ezingavamile babhubhisa izidleke, basongelwa nabathengisi bezilwane ezingaphandle, abazibamba ngenkani. Kuyadabukisa ukubona ukuthi izindawo zokudla zidliwe ngokuphelele kwezinye izindawo zaseBrazil nasePeru.
ITamandua nayo ivame ukuzingelwa, kepha hhayi ejwayelekile, kepha ezemidlalo ngokusetshenziswa kwezinja.Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isilwane sithakazelisa kakhulu futhi siyazivikela ngempumelelo ukuze sisindise impilo yaso. Imvamisa izindawo zokudlalela phansi zifa ngaphansi kwamasondo emoto, kepha usongo olukhulu kuzo ngukulahleka kwezindawo zazo zokuhlala unomphela, okuholela ekushodeni kokudla nasekufeni kwezilwane.
Ukuvikelwa kwama-Anteater
Isithombe: I-Anteater evela eRed Book
Yize inani lazo zonke izidleke zincane kakhulu futhi liqhubeka nokwehla, kuphela umuntu omele lo mndeni obhalwe ohlwini lweRed Book. Umuntu kufanele acabange ngokungathi sína ngomphumela wawo omubi kubamele abaningi bezilwane zomhlaba, kubandakanya nezidliwayo, lezi zilwane ezincelisayo ezimangalisayo akufanele zivunyelwe zinyamalale.
Ekugcineni, kusala ukwengeza lokho idla intuthwane hhayi kuphela okwangempela, okwehlukile nokungajwayelekile, kepha futhi kunokuthula futhi akuthandi ukungena ezingxabanweni, mhlawumbe ngezintuthwane kuphela nomuhlwa. Ukubukeka kwayo okumangazayo kudumaza abaningi. Kodwa-ke, naphezu kwalokhu, abanye abantu abenqeni ukuthola isilwane esinjalo, simnikeze konke ukufudumala nothando lwabo. Kuyababa ukuqonda ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu onenhliziyo enhle, ngakho-ke kukhona izingcweti ezimbalwa futhi ezimbalwa eMhlabeni, okufanele ukuthi uzicabangele futhi uzithathe zonke ngaphansi kokuvikelwa okuqaphile nokwethembekile.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 25.03.2019
Usuku lokubuyekeza: 09/18/2019 ngo-22: 27
