Livelaphi leli gama - Cormorant? Kuvela ukuthi leli gama siliboleke olimini lwesiTürkic, ngakho-ke babiza idada elibomvu noma i-ogar eyaziwayo. Futhi amaTatar abiza amahansi ngokuthi ama-cormorants. I-Cormorant, nokho, ibhekwa njengenyoni engadliwayo, ngenxa yephunga elinamandla lezinhlanzi ezivela esidunjini, kanye nenani elikhulu lamafutha angaphansi.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Baklan
I-cormorant yehla ngokulandelana kwama-pelican futhi ingeyomndeni we-cormorant. Le nyoni yasemanzini ingomunye wabazingeli abahamba phambili emanzini. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-30 zama-cormorants, asabalele umhlaba wonke! Ngisho nasezweni lethu, ungathola izinhlobo ezingaba yisithupha zalezi zinyoni.
Amagama ezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ancike ezintweni ezingaphandle zezinyoni, noma endaweni yazo, nazi ezinye zazo ezingakhunjulwa ngokukhethekile:
- I-Great cormorant yizinhlobo ezihamba kakhulu, ithanda izindiza, ingatholakala eRussia, eYurophu, e-Afrika nakwamanye amazwe amaningi;
- IJapane - ibizwa ngendawo yayo yokuhlala;
- I-Crested - ibizwa kanjalo ngenxa yesikhumba esivelele ekhanda, esisohlwini lweRed Book;
- Encane - eqanjwe ngenxa yobukhulu bayo;
- UChubaty ungumhlali ohlala yedwa, uhlala eningizimu ye-Afrika. Ezingxenyeni zokubukeka, lawa ngamehlo abomvu nethanga;
- Ubuso obubomvu - bahlala bodwa ezindaweni eziyinqaba oLwandlekazi iPacific. Isikhumba ekhanda asivelile;
- U-Eared - uhlala eNyakatho Melika, futhi unamashiya ngaphezu kwamehlo;
- I-Indian - eqanjwe ngendawo yokuhlala, inesisindo esincane kunazo zonke - ikhilogremu elilodwa;
- IBougainvillea - ibukeka njengephengwini;
- IGalapagos - ayihambi. Uhlala eziqhingini futhi unesisindo esifinyelela kuma-5 kilogram;
- I-White ingenye yezinhlobo eziyivelakancane, ebizwa kanjalo ngenxa yombala wezimpaphe zayo;
- I-Auckland - ibizwa kanjalo ngenxa yokuhlala kwayo e-Auckland Islands, inombala omuhle omhlophe nomnyama.
Iqiniso elithandekayo: kukhona nezinhlobo ezingasekho ze-cormorants, lena yi-Steller cormorant, kwakungeyona inhlobo endizayo futhi yafinyelela ku-6 kilograms ngesisindo.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Bird Cormorant
I-cormorant ejwayelekile inesisindo esingamakhilogremu ama-2-3, owesilisa uhlala emkhulu kunowesifazane. Amajita anombala onsundu futhi anezimpaphe ezilula, kuyilapho abadala bemnyama futhi benensimbi yethusi ngemuva, kukhona i-halo ephuzi ezungeze amehlo. Amanye ama-subspecies anezindawo ezimhlophe emzimbeni. Kukhona nezinhlobonhlobo zeCormorant, ezinqolobaneni zazo futhi kunezisusa ezinemibala.
I-cormorant ibukeka njengehansi. Umzimba we-cormorant enkulu ungakhula ube ngamasentimitha ayi-100, kepha amaphiko azoba yi-150, abukeka ehlaba umxhwele kakhulu. Uqhwaku lwe-cormorant lunamandla, luvame ukuphuzi futhi luguqulwe ekugcineni, njengesihluthulelo noma ingwegwe, futhi lunezidladla ezinkulu ezinolwelwesi nentamo ehambayo, yonke le mvelo yanikeza iCormorant ukudoba ukuze kube lula.
Ividiyo: Cormorant
Ihamba kukholamu yamanzi ifike kumamitha amabili ngomzuzwana. Imisipha inokuqukethwe okukhulu kwe-hemoglobin, ngakho-ke ingahlala ngaphansi kwamanzi imizuzu emithathu. Kukholakala ukuthi izimpaphe ze-cormorants zingasusa umoya owedlulele, obasiza ukuba bacwile ekujuleni okungako, kuze kufike kumamitha ayi-15 ukujula. Izimpaphe ze-cormorant zoma ngokungavamile, ngemuva kokuntywila, uhlala osebeni avule izimpiko zakhe ukuze zome ngokushesha.
I-cormorant izingela ngendlela engajwayelekile, ilandelela inyamazane emanzini, isesimweni sokucwiliswa, noma ikhanda elilodwa kuphela liyanamathela, ngemuva kokulandela umkhondo, ithule buthule futhi, njengomcibisholo, ishaye lo muntu ohluphekayo, bese iphula imiphunga yayo ngomlomo wayo bese iyayigwinya. Izwi lama-cormorants liphansi futhi lijulile, kubonakala sengathi uyamemeza noma ukhonkotha inhliziyo.
Iqiniso elithandekayo: i-cormorant ibonakala indiza ngaphansi kwamanzi, ayikwazi ukusebenza hhayi kuphela ngemilenze yayo, kodwa nangamaphiko ayo.
Ihlala kuphi i-cormorant?
Isithombe: Isilwane se-Cormorant
ICormorant iyinyoni efudukayo, futhi lapho nje inhlanzi iphelela echibini eliyintandokazi, indizela ezindaweni ezifudumele, imvamisa iMedithera noma iNyakatho Afrika. Kepha ama-cormorants aseNingizimu Asia anenhlanhla enkulu, anezinhlanzi eziningi, futhi awapheli, ngakho-ke awafuduki.
Uma ama-cormorant elinda idamu lapho behlala khona ukuba liqandane, bahlala ebusika ezindaweni ezifudumele, kepha ngokuhamba kokuqala kweqhwa bayabuya, kunjalo, laba bameleli bezinyoni abakwazi ukutholakala ezingxenyeni ezibandayo zomhlaba. AmaCormorants ahlala emhlabeni wonke futhi ukufakazela lokhu, nalu uhlu lokuthi angabonakala kuphi kaningi:
- IRussia;
- Australia;
- Asia;
- I-Armenia;
- Ama-Azores;
- Iziqhingi zaseCanary;
- IMedithera;
- IGrisi;
- I-Algeria;
- ENyakatho Afrika;
- I-Azerbaijan;
- Ulwandle i-Aral;
- IMelika;
- Iziqhingi zasePacific.
Kuwo wonke amazwe, ama-cormorants anesimo esikhethekile, kwamanye abhujiswa ngenxa yokucekelwa phansi, ngoba ama-cormorant awanabo ubungani ngaso sonke isikhathi, angahlasela isikebhe ngokubamba asiphonse emanzini, emapulazini ezinhlanzi azimele adla ingxenye yengonyama yenani labantu bezinhlanzi.
Iqiniso elithandekayo: kwamanye amazwe, ngokwesibonelo, e-Asia, amaCormorants asetshenziswa njengenduku yokudoba ephilayo, ngokumangazayo, kufakwa indandatho entanyeni yenyoni, ibhande liboshwe futhi likhishwe ukuzingela, iCormorant iqala ukudoba iphume emkhubeni, kepha ayikwazi ukugwinya ngenxa yale ndandatho entanyeni! Ngenxa yalokho, umdobi uthatha umdobi futhi inyoni iphinde idedelwe ukuze izingele. EJapane, izinyoni ezindala ziyathathwa zizingelwe, kepha eChina, kunalokho, zikhetha ezincane futhi ziziqeqeshe.
Yini edliwa yi-cormorant?
Isithombe: Cormorant nenhlanzi
I-cormorant yondla kuphela izinhlanzi futhi iphakela amaphuphu ayo, ayikhethi noma yiluphi uhlobo oluthile, kunalokho, kuya ngokuthi inyoni ikuphi. Kuthathwe ukuzingela, ingagwinya nezimbaza, namaxoxo, izimfudu ngisho nemfene, ngokuvamile, konke okungena emlomeni ngesikhathi sokuzingela.
I-cormorant igwinya izinhlanzi ezincane ngasikhathi sinye, iphakamise ikhanda phezulu, kepha ezinkulu kufanele zidliwe ngasogwini, yize uqhwaku lwe-cormorant lunamandla, ngeke lukwazi ukubhekana nanoma yikuphi ukubanjwa. Kunezimo lapho i-cormorant ingagwinya izinambuzane zomhlaba, inyoka noma isibankwa, kepha lokhu akuvamile. I-cormorant iyinyoni yasemini, imvamisa izingela amahlandla ama-2 ngosuku, umuntu oyedwa ngasikhathi sinye udla isilinganiso sama-gramu angama-500 ezinhlanzi, futhi lokhu kungokuzingela okukodwa kuphela, ikhilogremu litholakala ngosuku, kepha kwenzeka ngokwengeziwe, ngenxa yobudlabha babo ababengabathandi.
Ukuzingela kuvame ukwenzeka nezihlobo zabo eziqondile, izinyoni, badoba ngaphezulu kwamanzi, kanye ne-cormorants ngokujula. AmaCormorants azingela, bobabili bebodwa nasemhlambini, bavele bazingele isikole sezinhlanzi bese besiqhubela emanzini angajulile, ngenkathi bezwakalisa phezulu amaphiko abo phezu kwekholamu lamanzi, ezindaweni ezingajulile kakade asebenzelana nalo ngokungenasihawu.
Iqiniso elithandekayo: ukwenza ngcono ukugaya, ama-cormorants angadla amatshe amancane.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: I-cormorant emnyama
AmaCormorant, lapho esethole izindawo ezinhlanzi, azobuyela njalo lapho. Iqiniso elithandekayo: i-cormorant ingazingela futhi iphile zombili eduze kwamanzi olwandle namanzi ahlanzekile, into ebaluleke kakhulu kubo ukwakha isidleke eduze nedamu. Izinhlobo ezincane zalezi zinyoni zingaphila noma kumabhawodi, ngokuba nokugijima okukhulu ngenxa yobukhulu bazo.
I-cormorant ayihambisani nokukhetha indawo yokwakha isidleke, ingaziphotha zombili ezihlahleni nasemadwaleni, emihlangeni, ngisho naphansi nje. Dala izidleke ngamahlumela, izinti namaqabunga. Zonke izinhlobo ze-cormorant ziyizinyoni ezihlangene futhi imvamisa zihlala emakoloni amangazayo, lokhu kwenzelwa ukuzingela ngempumelelo kanye nokuphepha kwenzalo yazo.
Lezi zinyoni zithanda omakhelwane bazo, ngakho-ke zihlala ngokuzithandela eduze kwanoma iziphi izinyoni, kanye nama-penguin noma izimvu zamanzi ezinoboya. Kuyaqabukela ngokwedlulele, kungenzeka ukubona izindawo zokuhlala kuphela, okungenzeka ukuthi akukhona isikhathi eside futhi kungekudala omakhelwane abakade belindelwe bazohlala phansi. Futhi, zivame ukuvumela ezinye izinyoni ukuba zizingele ndawonye. Ama-Cormorants ashesha kuphela emanzini, emhlabathini ayizidalwa eziphambene ngokuphelele ezingakhululekile ukuhambahamba.
Iqiniso elithandekayo: AmaCormorants awakwazi ukusuka endaweni eyisicaba, kufanele aqale, avame ukusuka ebusweni bamanzi, kepha lokhu futhi kudinga umzamo omkhulu kubo, indlela elula ukuthi bakwazi ukundiza basuke emagatsheni ezihlahla noma amatshe.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Inyoni ye-Cormorant
Lolu hlobo lwenyoni lunoyedwa, uma esake wadala umbhangqwana, angahlala naye impilo yakhe yonke. AmaCormorants azala kakhulu. Ukuvuthwa kwabo ngokobulili kwenzeka cishe eminyakeni emithathu ubudala, kuya ngokuhlukahluka, ngokushesha nje lapho sebevuthiwe, banengubo yabantu abadala. Isikhathi sokumatanisa ikakhulukazi entwasahlobo, njengoba kufudumala, kepha kwezinye izifunda kukhona okuhlukile.
AmaCormorants ahlala emakoloni, angafinyelela osayizi abakhulu kuze kufike ezigodini ezingama-2000. Kwesinye isikhathi, bahlela izindawo ezinkulu kangaka, bahlangana nemindeni yezinye izinyoni ezihlala endaweni. Insikazi izalela amaqanda afinyelela kwayi-6, kepha lokhu kungukuphezulu, ngakho-ke elinye lawo lingaba nalutho. Amaqanda aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi achanyuselwa ngabazali ababili ngokulandelana. Ukufukamela kuthatha cishe inyanga.
Lapho kuzalwa inzalo ebikade ilindelwe, bayayinakekela, njengoba nje abazali behlangene, befaka ukuvikelwa kwamachwane, ngokubenzela ukudla namanzi. AmaCormorant ondisa izingane ekuseni nasebusuku. Amachwane azalwa enqunu futhi engenakuzivikela ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke abazali baphoqeleka ukuhlala nabo ubusuku nemini. Kusukela elangeni elishisayo, zimboza amaphuphu ngamaphiko, kokunye ziletha izimila zasolwandle ezibandayo esidlekeni.
Kuze kube izinyanga eziyisithupha, izingane zidinga ukunakekelwa, njengoba kuvela izimpaphe zokuqala, zizama ukundiza, kepha lokhu akuphumeleli ngaso sonke isikhathi. Uma isidleke sisezihlahleni, khona-ke intsha icija amakhono ayo okukhasa nokukhuphuka. Kwenzeka ukuthi ama-cormorants aphenduke abazali abakhathalelayo kangangoba bondla izingane zabo kuze kube ngumzuzu abakha ngawo owabo umndeni.
Izitha zemvelo zama-cormorants
Isithombe: Cormorant endizeni
I-cormorant iyinyoni yezenhlalo, iyakhohliseka kalula, futhi lokhu kuvame ukudlala ihlaya elinonya nazo. Igwababa elimpunga lingesinye sezitha ezifungelwe ze-cormorant, imvamisa zisebenza ngokubambisana, umuntu oyedwa ukhipha isidleke esidala esidlekeni, kanti owesibili ngalesi sikhathi untshontsha amaqanda abo ukuze badle ngokuhlanganyela. Kuyenzeka futhi ukuthi ama-seagulls noma izinkanyezi eziseduze zizingele amaqanda. Mhlawumbe yingakho ama-cormorant eshiya imvuthu yamaqanda enganakiwe ingagadiwe futhi akhe amasha.
Kumatshwele asevele achanyuselwa, izimpungushe zasendle, ama-raccoon nezinye izidalwa ezincane ezihlala endaweni yezindawo zokuhlala eziyingozi. Kumuntu omdala we-cormorant, lezi zitha azibi kakhulu, ngoba zinomzimba onamandla nomlomo, izolwa kalula, kepha inzalo, ngeshwa, iyahlupheka. Njengoba i-cormorant kungeyona inyoni edliwayo, azingelwa. Kepha izingane zabo, ezingakakhuli futhi zivele zichanyuselwe emaqandeni, zingaba yisibiliboco sabadobi abadlulayo noma abazingeli.
Ukuthambekela kwenani elikhulu lezindawo zokuhlala kungenzeka kakhulu ngenxa yekhono lokugcina amaphuphu ngangokunokwenzeka. Kukhona nezinhlobo eziphelele ze-cormorants ezivikelekile ngoba azikwazi ukuzala, izidleke zazo zihlaselwa njalo, ngokwesibonelo, iCrested neLittle Cormorant.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Isilwane se-Cormorant
Inani lama-cormorants alifani nakancane futhi lincike kuphela kuzinsizakusebenza zokudla. Futhi nakunani lenzalo echanyuselwe. Ngenxa yesimo sabo sokuminza, babangela ukulimala okukhulu emapulazini ezinhlanzi azimele futhi babhujiswa kakhulu ngezikhathi ezithile, kwesinye isikhathi okusula ngokuphelele abantu esifundeni esithile, kepha, ngokudutshulwa kwezinyoni okungagunyaziwe, kwaqashelwa ukuthi abadobi abakutholanga ukudotshwa okukhulu, kepha kwakukhona izinhlanzi eziningi ezigulayo kumanetha.
Amahlathi lapho kwakuhlala khona ama-cormorant avame ukoma alahlekelwe amahlamvu awo, ngoba izihlahla abahlala kuzo noma ababehlala kuzo ngaphambili ziyafa, ngenxa yobulongwe bazo, obufana nobezinye izinyoni eziningi ezidla izinhlanzi. Udoti ubizwa ngokuthi yi-guano, wehlukile kudoti ojwayelekile ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kakhulu kwe-nitrogen. Lokhu kungenxa yokuba khona kwezinhlanzi kuphela ekudleni.
Emazweni amaningi, i-guano ifunwa kakhulu, kubhekwa njengomanyolo omuhle kakhulu. Kwezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo, njengokotini, i-guano isibe yi-godsend. Ukuthola ubulongwe obufiselekayo, kubekwa amabhikhoni akhethekile ezindaweni lapho izinyoni zinqwabelana khona ukuze izinyoni ezidla izinhlanzi zihlale phezu kwazo ngenkathi zizingela, bese kuqoqwa indle.
AmaCormorant aphila isikhathi esifushane, cishe iminyaka eyi-6-7 ngokwemvelo, kepha kwakukhona amacala lapho ayephila kuze kube yiminyaka engama-20, kepha lokhu kugciniwe. Kunzima ukondla i-cormorant ekuthunjweni, ngenxa yokuminza kwayo, bafuna njalo kakhulu. Cormorant - lo ngumzingeli wolwandle wamahhala, noma ngabe abantu bazama kanjani ukumqeqesha, uyinyoni ekhululekile.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 03/19/2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 18.09.2019 ngo-10: 40
