I-Platypus waqashelwa njengenye yezilwane ezimangalisa kakhulu eMhlabeni. Ihlanganisa izici zezinyoni, izilwane ezinwabuzelayo nezilwane ezincelisayo. Kwakuyi-platypus eyakhethwa njengesilwane esifanekisela i-Australia. Ngomfanekiso wakhe, imali ize yenziwe ngisho nakuleli.
Lapho kutholakala lesi silwane, ososayensi, abacwaningi kanye nezazi zezilwane bamangala kakhulu. Abakwazanga ngokushesha ukunquma ukuthi hlobo luni lwesilwane phambi kwabo. Ikhala, elifana ngendlela emangalisayo nomlomo wedada, umsila we-beaver, ligxuma emilenzeni njengeleqhude, nezinye izinto eziningi zidide ososayensi.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Platypus
Isilwane esesilwane esincelisayo sasemanzini. Kanye nezinyoka, kuyilungu leqembu le-monotremes. Namuhla, lezi zilwane kuphela ezimele umndeni we-platypus. Ososayensi baphawula izici ezimbalwa ezibahlanganisa nezilwane ezihuquzelayo.
Ngokokuqala ngqá isikhumba sesilwane satholakala e-Australia ngo-1797. Ngalezo zinsuku, abacwaningi babengatholi incazelo yokuthi ngubani ngempela owayenesikhumba. Ososayensi baze banquma ekuqaleni ukuthi kwakuwuhlobo oluthile lwamancoko, noma mhlawumbe lwenziwa ngamakhosi aseChina ngokwenza izilwane ezigxotshiwe. Ngaleso sikhathi, izingcweti ezinamakhono zalolu hlobo zaphumelela ukuqinisa izingxenye zomzimba zezilwane ezihluke ngokuphelele.
Ividiyo: Platypus
Ngenxa yalokho, kwavela izilwane ezimangalisayo ezingekho. Ngemuva kokuba khona kwalesi silwane esimangalisayo kufakazelwe, umcwaningi uGeorge Shaw wasichaza njengedada elisicaba. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kwesikhashana, omunye usosayensi uFriedrich Blumenbach wamchaza njengomuntu othwele umlomo wenyoni. Ngemuva kwezingxabano ezinde nokuzama ukuvumelana, lesi silwane saqanjwa ngokuthi "uqhwaku lwenyoni olumise okwedada".
Ngokufika kweplatypus, yonke imibono ngokuziphendukela kwemvelo yapheliswa ngokuphelele. Ososayensi nabaphenyi cishe iminyaka engamashumi amathathu abakwazanga ukuthola ukuthi ikuluphi uhlobo lwezilwane. Ngo-1825, bakuhlonza njengesilwane esincelisayo. Kwaze kwaphela ngemuva kweminyaka ecishe ibe ngu-60 kwatholakala ukuthi ama-platypuses athanda ukubeka amaqanda.
Kufakazelwe ngokwesayensi ukuthi lezi zilwane ziphakathi kwezindala kakhulu eMhlabeni. Ummeleli omdala walolu hlobo, otholakala e-Australia, uneminyaka engaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-100 ubudala. Kwakuyisilwane esincane. Wayehamba ebusuku futhi engazi ukuthi uzalela kanjani amaqanda.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Animal platypus
I-platypus inomzimba ominyene, ohlangene, izitho ezimfushane. Umzimba umbozwe ngokusikwa koboya obukhulu obukhulu obucishe bube mnyama. Esiswini, ijazi linombala okhanyayo, obomvu. Ikhanda lesilwane lincane uma liqhathaniswa nomzimba, liyindilinga ngokuma. Ekhanda kunoqhwaku olukhulu oluyisicaba olufana nolomlomo wedada. Ama-eyeballs, amaconsi emakhaleni nezindlebe atholakala ekhefeni elikhethekile.
Lapho zitshuza, lezi zimbobo ezisekugcineni zivalwa ziqine, zivimbele ukungena kwamanzi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, emanzini, i-platypus incishwe ngokuphelele amandla okubona nokuzwa. Umhlahlandlela omkhulu kulesi simo ngamakhala. Inani elikhulu leziphetho zezinzwa ligxile kulo, elisiza hhayi kuphela ukuhamba kahle esikhaleni samanzi, kodwa futhi nokubamba ukunyakaza okuncane, kanye nezimpawu zikagesi.
Ubukhulu bePlatypus:
- ubude bomzimba - 35-45 cm. Kubamele bomndeni wama-platypus, i-dimorphism yezocansi ivezwa kahle. Abesifazane bancane futhi nohhafu - izikhathi eziphindwe ka-2 kunabesilisa;
- umsila ubude obungu-15-20 cm;
- isisindo somzimba 1.5-2 kg.
Izitho zifushane, zitholakala ezinhlangothini zombili, ebusweni bomzimba ohlangothini. Yingakho izilwane, lapho zihamba emhlabeni, zihamba, zishwibeka ngapha nangapha. Izitho zinesakhiwo esimangazayo. Baneminwe emihlanu, exhunywe ulwelwesi. Ngenxa yalesi sakhiwo, izilwane ziyabhukuda futhi zicwile ngokuphelele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ulwelwesi luyakwazi ukubopha, luveza izinzipho ezinde ezibukhali ezisiza ekumbeni.
Emilenzeni yangemuva, ulwelwesi alubonakali kangako, ngakho-ke basebenzisa imilenze yangaphambili ukubhukuda ngokushesha. Izinyawo zangemuva zisetshenziswa njenge-corrector yesihloko. Umsila usebenza njengebhalansi. Iyisicaba, yinde, imbozwe ngoboya. Ngenxa yobuningi bezinwele ezisemsileni, kunganqunywa ubudala besilwane. Lapho inoboya obuningi kuyo, incane i-platypus. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi izitolo zamafutha zinqwabelana ikakhulukazi emsileni, hhayi emzimbeni.
Lesi silwane sibonakala ngezici eziningi:
- Ukushisa komzimba kwesilwane esincelisayo akudluli kuma-32 degrees. Inekhono lokulawula ukushisa komzimba wayo, ngenxa yokuthi ivumelana kahle nezimo ezahlukahlukene zemvelo.
- Ama-platypus wesilisa anobuthi.
- Izilwane zinemilomo ethambile.
- Ama-Platypuses ahlukaniswa ngenkambo ehamba kancane kunazo zonke izinqubo zokusebenzisa umzimba emzimbeni phakathi kwazo zonke izilwane ezincelisayo ezikhona namuhla.
- Abesifazane bavame ukubeka amaqanda, njengezinyoni lapho kuvela khona inzalo.
- Ama-Platypuses akwazi ukuhlala ngaphansi kwamanzi imizuzu emihlanu noma ngaphezulu.
Ihlala kuphi i- platypus?
Isithombe: Platypus echidna
Kuze kube yi-20s yaleli khulu leminyaka, izilwane bezihlala e-Australia kuphela. Namuhla, inani lezilwane ligciniwe lisuka empahleni yaseTasmania lidabula i-Australia Alps, kuze kuyofika emaphethelweni eQueensland. Inqwaba yomndeni we-platypus igxile e-Australia naseTasmania.
Isilwane esincelisayo sihola indlela yokuphila efihliwe. Bavame ukuhlala endaweni engasogwini yemizimba yamanzi. Kuyisici ukuthi bakhetha kuphela imizimba yamanzi amasha ukuze baphile. Ama-Platypuses akhetha uhlobo oluthile lokushisa kwamanzi - kusuka kuma-degree angama-24 kuye kwangama-30. Ngokuphila, izilwane zakha izimbobo. Yizindinyana ezimfishane neziqondile. Ubude bomgodi owodwa abweqi kumamitha ayishumi.
Ngamunye wabo uneminyango emibili negumbi elinempahla. Ukungena okukodwa kufinyeleleka kumhlaba, okunye kusuka echibini. Labo abafisa ukubona i-platypus ngamehlo abo bangavakashela e-zoo, noma esiqiwini sikazwelonke eMelbourne, e-Australia.
Idlani i-platypus?
Isithombe: Platypus emanzini
Ama-Platypuses angababhukudi abahle kakhulu nabatshuzi. Ukuze benze lokhu, badinga amandla amaningi. Inani lokudla lansuku zonke kumele okungenani libe ngama-30% wesisindo somzimba wesilwane ukubhekana nezindleko zamandla.
Yini efakiwe ekudleni kwe-platypus:
- izimbaza;
- izimila zasolwandle;
- ama-crustaceans;
- onoshobishobi;
- inhlanzi encane;
- izibungu zezinambuzane;
- izibungu.
Ngenkathi isemanzini, ama-platypus aqoqa ukudla esikhaleni sesihlathi. Uma sebengaphandle, bagaya ukudla abakutholayo ngosizo lwamahlathi abo anezimpondo. Ama-Platypuses ajwayele ukusibamba ngokushesha isisulu bese asithumela endaweni yesihlathi.
Izimila zasemanzini zingasebenza njengomthombo wokudla kuphela uma kukhona ubunzima kweminye imithombo yokudla. Kepha lokhu akuvamile neze. Ama-Platypuses abhekwa njengabazingeli abahle kakhulu. Bayakwazi ukuguqula amatshe ngamakhala abo, futhi bazizwe benokuzethemba emanzini anodaka agcwele udaka.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: I-platypus yase-Australia
Izilwane zivame ukuchitha ingxenye yesithathu yempilo yazo emanzini. Kujwayelekile ukuthi lezi zilwane zilalaze ubusika bonke. Ingahlala izinsuku ezingu-6-14. Ngokuvamile, lesi simo sibhekwa ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkathi yokukhwelana. Ngakho-ke, izilwane zithola amandla nokuphumula.
I-platypus isebenza kakhulu ebusuku. Ebusuku, uyazingela athole ukudla kwakhe. Laba bameleli bomndeni we-platypus bakhetha indlela yokuphila ehlukile. Akujwayelekile ukuthi bahlangane ngamaqembu noma bakhe imindeni. Ama-Platypuses ngokwemvelo abusiswa ngokuqapha okukhulu.
Ama-Platypuses ahlala ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezisogwini zemizimba yamanzi. Ngenxa yekhono eliyingqayizivele lokulawula ukushisa komzimba nokuzivumelanisa ngokuphelele nezimo zemvelo, bahlala eduze nemifula namachibi afudumele kuphela, kodwa futhi eduze nemifudlana ebandayo yezintaba eziphakeme.
Ukuze uhlale unomphela, abantu abadala bakha imigudu, izimbobo. Bemba ngezidladla eziqinile nangezinzipho ezinkulu. UNora unesakhiwo esikhethekile. Ineminyango emibili, umhubhe omncane negumbi elingaphakathi, elibanzi nelithokomele. Izilwane zakha umgodi wazo ngendlela yokuthi iphaseji lokungena lincane. Ngesikhathi sokuhamba usiyongena egumbini elingaphakathi, kukhishwa lonke uketshezi emzimbeni we-platypus.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Cub platypus
Isikhathi sokukhwelana sama-platypus siqala ngo-Agasti futhi siqhubeka kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Okthoba, maphakathi noNovemba. Abesifazane baheha abantu bobulili obuhlukile ngokunyikinya umsila. Ngalesi sikhathi, abesilisa beza endaweni yabesifazane. Isikhathi esithile balandelana kahle ngohlobo lomdanso. Bese kuthi owesilisa aqale ukudonsa insikazi ngomsila. Lolu uhlobo lokuqomisana oluhlala isikhathi esifushane kakhulu.
Ngemuva kokungena ebudlelwaneni bomshado nokukhulelwa, abesifazane bazakhela izindlu zabo, lapho kamuva bezala khona abantwana. Umgodi onjalo wehlukile endaweni yokuhlala ejwayelekile yezilwane. Iside ngokwengeziwe, futhi ekugcineni insikazi inesidleke. Owesifazane umboza ngezansi ngamahlamvu, ukuqoqa awusebenzisa ngomsila wakhe, ngawo awenze inqwaba. Ngemuva kokuthi ukwakhiwa nokuhlelwa kuqediwe, abesifazane bavale wonke amaphaseji ngomhlaba. Kuyindlela yokuzivikela ezikhukhuleni nasekuhlaselweni yizilwane eziyingozi.
Ube esebeka iqanda elilodwa kuya kwamathathu. Ngaphandle, zibukeka njengamaqanda ezihuquzelayo. Banombala ompunga, igobolondo lesikhumba. Ngemuva kokubeka amaqanda, umama okhulelwe uhlale ewashisa ngemfudumalo yakhe kuze kube umzuzu lapho kuzalwa amawundlu. Inzalo ichamisela ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyishumi insikazi izalela amaqanda. Amathole azalwa emancane, engaboni futhi engenaboya. Ubukhulu bazo abudluli ku-3 cm.Izinsana zivame ukuzalwa ngezinyo leqanda, elenzelwe ukudabula igobolondo. Bese iwela ngaphandle ngokungadingekile.
Ngemuva kokuzalwa, umama ubeka abantwana esiswini sakhe bese ebondla ngobisi lwakhe. Abesifazane abanazo izingono. Esiswini, zinama-pores lapho kukhishwa khona ubisi. Amawundlu ayikhotha nje. Insikazi iba nezingane zayo cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ishiya umgodi ukuze izitholele ukudla.
Ngemuva kwamasonto ayishumi kusukela ngesikhathi sokuzalwa, umzimba wezingane umbozwe izinwele, amehlo avulekile. Ukuzingelwa kokuqala kanye nesipiliyoni sokukhiqizwa kokudla okuzimele kuvela ezinyangeni ezi-3.5-4. Ngemuva konyaka, abantu abasha bahola indlela yokuzimela. Isikhathi sokuphila ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo akuchazwa ngokunembile. Ama-Zoologists asikisela ukuthi ineminyaka engu-10-15 ubudala.
Izitha zemvelo zama-platypuses
Isithombe: Platypus e-Australia
Endaweni yemvelo, ama-platypus anezitha ezimbalwa emhlabeni wezilwane, lawa:
- python;
- qapha isibankwa;
- ingwe yasolwandle.
Isitha esibi kakhulu sesilwane esincelisayo ngumuntu nemisebenzi yakhe. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, abazingeli abangekho emthethweni nabazingeli baqothula izilwane ngokungenasihawu ukuze bathole uboya bazo. Ngaleso sikhathi, wayehlonishwa ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabakhiqizi boboya. Isilwane sasiseduze nokuqothulwa ngokuphelele. Ukwenza ijazi loboya lilodwa, kwakudingeka ukubhubhisa izilwane ezingaphezu kweshumi nanhlanu.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Animal platypus
Ngenxa yabazingeli abangekho emthethweni nabazingeli abaqothula ama-platypus ngobuningi babo befuna uvolo, ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, umndeni we-platypus wacishe wabhujiswa ngokuphelele. Mayelana nalokhu, ukuzingela lezi zilwane kwavinjelwa ngokuphelele.
Kuze kube manje, izilwane azisongelwa ngokuqedwa ngokuphelele, kepha indawo ezihlala kuyo yehle kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokungcoliswa kwemizimba yamanzi, ukuthuthukiswa kwezindawo ezinkulu ngabantu. Futhi, onogwaja abafakwa ngabakholoni banciphisa izindawo zabo zokuhlala. Bamba imigodi ezindaweni zokuhlala kwesilo futhi babenze babheke ezinye izifunda zendawo yokuhlala.
Ukuvikelwa kwePlatypus
Isithombe: Platypus Red Book
Ukuze kulondolozwe izinhlobo zabantu, isilwane sibhalwe kuRed Book. Ama-Australia ahlele izinqolobane ezikhethekile, lapho kungekho lutho olusongela ama-platypuses. Izimo zokuphila ezithandekayo zenzelwe izilwane ezikulezo zindawo. Indawo yemvelo edume kakhulu yiHillsville eseVictoria.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 01.03.2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 15.09.2019 ngo-19: 09
