Ngokusho izinganekwane futhi cinematography angaphandle inhlwathi Inyoka enkulu ngokumangazayo futhi eyingozi. Ngokumangazayo, akuyona into engavamile ukuzwa kubantu ngosayizi wenhlwathi, edlula ubukhulu bayo beqiniso kabili noma kathathu. Lokhu, yiqiniso, yizo zonke izinganekwane nokusungulwa, okuke kwahunyushwa njengedatha esemthethweni. Konke kunesizotha ngokwengeziwe, inhlwathi iyinyoka enkulu kunazo zonke, kodwa ngokwezibalo kuphela. Futhi uzolile futhi uyisisulu esikhulu njengoba umuntu engamthandi.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Anaconda
Ama-Anacondas angamalungu omndeni omncane wama-boas womndeni wama-pseudopod, iqembu elibusayo, isigaba se-reptile. Ochwepheshe baya ngokuya bethambekele ekungabibikho kwezinhlobo ezincane ezinhlwathi ezivamile. Ngokusho kweminye imithombo, kusenezinhlobonhlobo ezine ze-anaconda, ngayinye ehluke kancane ngosayizi, umbala nendawo yokuhlala.
- I-Giant Anaconda;
- I-Paraguayan;
- I-Deschauerskaya;
- U-Anaconda Eunectes beniensis.
I-Anaconda, njengezinkomo, inekhanda elincane, kepha umzimba mkhulu ngokwengeziwe, ubukeka ungalingani. Ubude benyoka bungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-5 - 6, kepha hhayi ama-9 - 11 noma ama-20, njengoba kushiwo kweminye imithombo. Isisindo esiphezulu kuthiwa yi-130 kg, ezimweni eziningi sikude ngisho nekhulu.
Lezi zinyoka zibhekwa njengengaba yingozi kubantu, ngoba ziyakwazi ukugwinya inyamazane ecishe ilingane ngesisindo. Uma inyoka inesisindo esingaphansi kwekhulu, lapho-ke ngeke kube nzima ukugwinya umuntu nokumgaya. Kodwa nokho mkhulu futhi uhlakaniphile ngenyoka, futhi wonke amacala aziwayo okuhlaselwa komuntu akhombisa ukuthi lokhu kwenzeke ngephutha.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: inyoka anaconda
Inhlwathi iyinyoka enkulu kunazo zonke, futhi ubude bayo ingaphansi kwempungushe ebhalwe kabusha, kodwa iyisisindo esikhulu kunazo zonke. Kuyathakazelisa ukwazi ukuthi abesifazane balezi zinyoka bakhulu kunabesilisa. Ubude obulinganisiwe be-anaconda kwakungamamitha angu-5.4, enesisindo esingu-100 kg. Kepha ngokwemvelo, mhlawumbe kukhona abantu abakhulu kancane. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, izinhlwathi zingafinyelela kubude obungamamitha ayi-6.7 nesisindo esingu-130 kg.
Isilinganiso sobude benyoka singamamitha ama-3 - 4, futhi ubukhulu bungu-50 - 70 kg. Ububanzi be-reptile bufinyelela ku-35 cm, ngemuva kokugwinya isisulu selulelwe kusayizi oyifunayo. Izinyoka zikhula konke ukuphila kwazo, iminyaka yokuqala inamandla kakhulu kunangemva kwalokho, kepha kuphephile ukucabanga ukuthi abantu abakhulu kunabo bonke sebekhulile.
Ividiyo: Anaconda
Ikhanda lincane uma liqhathaniswa nomzimba, kepha umlomo ovulekile mkhulu futhi uyakwazi ukwelula, njengepharynx. Lokhu kuvumela inhlwathi ukuba inganaki kangako ivolumu yesisulu. Amazinyo amafushane, angakuluma kabuhlungu. Kepha amazinyo awekho; uma isisulu sigwinyiwe, bebezophazamisa kuphela. Amathe awalimazi futhi azikho izindlala ezinobuthi. Inxeba lizoba buhlungu, kepha liphephe impilo yonke.
Umbala we-anaconda uyifihla ngemuva kwendawo ehlala kuyo. Lawa amadamu, amanzi angajulile, izindawo ezishisayo. Umbala womzimba useduze nomgxobhozo, mpunga-luhlaza okotshani. Ngemuva kunemigqa emibili enamabala amnyama, ansundu, ansundu. Ziyindilinga noma ziyindilinga ezifika ku-10 cm ububanzi, umbala oqinile, zishintshana ngephethini yebhodi lokuhlola. Futhi ezinhlangothini kunemivimbo elula elula embozwe amabala amancane. Kwesinye isikhathi amabala ayizindilinga, anjengendandatho, noma imibuthano engajwayelekile. Ububanzi bawo busuka ku-1 kuye ku-3 cm.Umhlane wenyoka uvame ukuba mnyama kunesisu.
Uhlala kuphi inhlwathi?
Isithombe: Inhlwathi enkulu
Indawo yokuhlala yezinhlwathi cishe yizwe lonke - iNingizimu Melika, ngaphandle kwengxenye yalo eseningizimu. Vele, isimo sezulu kuzo zonke izingqimba asikulungele ukuhlala kwenyoka, ngoba kunebanga elide kakhulu ukusuka enyakatho kuya eningizimu ezweni. Ngasempumalanga ye-Anaconda, indawo yokuhlala izinhlwathi amazwe anjengeBrazil, iPeru, iBolivia, iParaguay, iVenezuela, i-Ecuador, iColombia, iGuyana neFrench Guiana. Isiqhingi saseTrinidad sihlukaniswa ngokwehlukana.
Uma sibheka ama-subspecies, khona-ke inhlwathi enkulu ihlala kuzo zonke izindawo ezishisayo. IParaguay, ngokulandelana, eParaguay, kanye nase-Uruguay, e-Argentina, eBrazil nasenyakatho yeBolivia. IDeschauerskaya yabonakala kuphela enyakatho yeBrazil. Futhi ama-subspecies Eunectes beniensis ahlala kuphela ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseBolivia.
Ama-Anaconda akhetha amaxhaphozi, imizimba yamanzi ebiyelwe noma imifula ezolile, ebanzi. Izinyoka azithandi umsinga onamandla; zikhetha ukuzola ukufanisa uhlamvu lwazo. Ziyakwazi ukubhukuda futhi zihlale ngaphansi kwamanzi isikhathi eside. Ama-valve akhethekile afakiwe esakhiweni samakhala ukuvimba ukugeleza komswakama ungene emgodini wokuphefumula.
Izinhlwathi zingoma ogwini noma ezihlahleni elangeni elivulekile, kepha zidinga umswakama, ziyaqiniseka ukuthi ziseduze nedamu. Ubuso besisu obunesigaxa obunesimo sesikali buyabasiza ukuthi bahambe emhlabeni. Umzimba onemisipha onamandla usebenzisa ukungqubuzana kwesembozo sangaphandle, ngakho-ke, ukuguquguquka ngazo zonke izindlela, kushesha.
Uma amachibi omile, inyoka ayikwazi ukuba khona ngokujwayelekile. Ukuze asinde ezikhathini ezinzima, uzingcwaba ngaphansi kwexhaphozi langaphambili, ku-silt kanye ne-slush, futhi angaba namandla kuze kube yizikhathi ezingcono.
Idlani inhlwathi?
Isithombe: U-Anaconda uyadla
Ngenxa yokwakheka okuyinkimbinkimbi kwemihlathi nepharynx, enemisipha enwebeka, inhlwathi iyakwazi ukugwinya inyamazane eyidlula ngosayizi. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi, futhi ukumbiwa kobukhulu obunjalo ngeke kungene emlonyeni wakho uqobo. Kwenzeka ngenye indlela nxazonke - lapho uzama ukuhlasela, isibonelo, izingwenya, yena uqobo uba yisisulu. Kodwa iqiniso lihlala likhona.
Noma kunjalo, isisekelo sokudla kwezinhlwathi sakhiwa izidalwa eziphilayo ezincane, okuyilezi:
- izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane (igundane vole, capybaras, agouti, ngisho nezinqama nezinja eduze kwendawo yezolimo kungaba yisisulu sazo);
- ezihuquzelayo (amaxoxo, ama-iguana, izibankwa);
- izimfudu;
- izinyoni zamanzi;
- uhlobo lwazo (izinhlwathi, ngisho nezinhlwathi ngokwazo zincane ngosayizi);
- izinhlanzi ngezikhathi ezingavamile.
Ukuzingelwa kwenzeka kanjena: inhlwathi igaxela emanzini futhi ibone umuntu ongaba yisisulu. Amehlo akhe awacwayizi, ngoba laba bantu bahumusha umbono wakhe njengenqubo yokulutha ingqondo. Ngesikhathi esifanele, inhlwathi ishaya isisulu ngomzimba wonke ngasikhathi sinye, ngisho nangaphandle kokusebenzisa amazinyo aso. Umzimba wakhe ucindezela ubambo lwesilwane, usivimbele ekuphefumuleni, futhi ungaphula namathambo alo.
Ngemuva kwalokho umane agwinye isisulu sakhe sonke bese asigaye. Manje akusadingeki akhathazeke ngokudla kwakhe isonto, noma ngisho nezinyanga ngaphambi kwalokho. Kancane kancane uzogcwala futhi athole izakhi zomzimba, agaye kancane kancane okuqukethwe yisisu endaweni elele yokulala. Ama-acids esiswini aqinile kangangokuba namathambo ayagaywa. Inhlwathi ngeke ifune ukudla ngokuzayo maduze.
Ukuba nomzimba onamandla anjalo, abadingi nhlobo ubuthi, ngoba bahlala bekwazi ukuchoboza isisulu ngokulingana nabo futhi ngaphandle kokulunywa okubulalayo. Amacala okudla inyama nawo ajwayelekile phakathi kwezinhlwathi.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Giant Anaconda
Isimo sezinhlwathi asinandaba kakhulu. Bangakwazi ukuqamba amanga amahora amaningi benganyakazi nakancane. Kwesinye isikhathi kubukeka sengathi abasaphili nhlobo. Mhlawumbe, endle, yilokho kanye okwakwenzelwe ukubala, inhlwathi ihlangana nemvelo futhi akekho noyedwa oyithintayo. Njengazo zonke izinyoka, izinhlwathi ngezikhathi ezithile ziyancibilika. Ngemuva kwalokho badinga ukwenza ukunyakaza komzimba okusizayo. Ziyagoqana futhi zihlikihle phansi namatshe echibini. Ikhasi liyaxebuka ngokuphelele, lisuswe njengesitokisi bese lihlala emanzini. Inyoka evuselelwe iqhubeka nempilo yayo esikhumbeni esisha.
Izinhlwathi azikwazi ukuba khona ngaphandle komswakama. Vele, kuyenzeka ukuthi baphume bayolala elangeni noma nge-twine bezungeze isiqu somuthi, kepha ngokushesha babuyela endaweni yabo ejwayelekile ngokuthula. Uma izinyoka zibona ukuthi isiziba sazo siyasha, bese zifuna esinye. Imvamisa balandela ukugeleza kwamanje kuya ekujuleni okukhulu kwemifula. Ngesikhathi sesomiso, izinhlwathi zingcwatshwa odakeni, zifuna indawo epholile enamanzi amaningi. Lapho, bangaba ndikindiki izinyanga ngaphambi kokuba imvula enamandla nemifula igcwale.
Izinhlwathi ziyizilwane ezithule kangangokuba uma ungazibheki ngamabomu, ungahle ungazitholi. Cishe yingakho bekhethwe njengezinhlobo ezihlukile kuphela ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20. Kusuka emisindweni zikhipha umlozi omncane. Ukuphila kwezinhlwathi akaziwa kahle. Bakhonjisiwe ukuthi banezinga eliphansi lokusinda ekuthunjweni. Ama-Terrariums ayakwazi ukuxhasa impilo yezinhlwathi iminyaka emihlanu kuya kwengu-6. Kuyacaca ukuthi endaweni yemvelo le nkathi yinde, kepha akucaci ukuthi yinde kangakanani.
Isibonelo, isikhathi sokuphila kwerekhodi le-anaconda ekuthunjweni liqoshwa eminyakeni engama-28. Futhi, akunakwenzeka ukuthi umuntu akwazi ukusinda kuzo zonke izinhlekelele zemvelo ngaphandle kwemiphumela, futhi, mhlawumbe, ubude besikhathi sokuphila salezi zinhlobo busendaweni ethile yale mininingwane.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Isilwane se-Anaconda
Izinhlwathi ziphila impilo yodwa, azixhumani. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zingahlasela zidle izihlobo zazo uma zingaphansi kwazo ngosayizi. Kuphela ngenkathi yokuhlangana lapho baqala khona ukuhlobana ngokunganaki.
Abesilisa baqala ukujaha abesifazane. Kulula ukuthola ngomkhondo we-fetid abawushiya ngenhloso, lapho bezizwa bekulungele ukukhwelana. Kaningi abafakizicelo abaningi bakhasa ngemuva kowesifazane oyedwa. Abesilisa baqala ukulwa bodwa. Ziyajija futhi zicindezele ophikisana naye, zihlangane ebholeni. Ayikwazi ukumelana nengcindezi isuswa ngokushesha. Inzuzo ivame ukuba nabesilisa abakhulu. Ophumelele uthola ithuba lokuhlangana nowesifazane.
Isikhathi sokumitha sithatha cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha. Ngalesi sikhathi, insikazi ayinyakazi futhi ayidli lutho. Ukwehlisa isisindo esikhulu, kwesinye isikhathi kwehla ngesigamu. Izinhlwathi ziyizilwane ezinwabuzelayo ezi-ovoviviparous. Amantshontsho aqanduselwa emaqandeni esesesibelethweni bese ekhasa njengezinyoka, cishe isigamu semitha ubude. Kukhona okungu-30 - 50 kwalokhu kudoti owodwa. Izinyoka ezincane zilungele ukuba khona ngokuzimela. Ingxenye encane kuphela engasinda. Ngenkathi zincane, zisengozini enkulu kwezinye izilwane ngisho nakwezinye izinhlwathi ezindala.
Izitha zemvelo zenhlwathi
Isithombe: Boa constrictor anaconda
Inhlwathi endala inezitha ezimbalwa kakhulu phakathi kwezilwane ezihlala eduze. Bambalwa abangancintisana naye ngamandla. Ngisho nezingwenya, kude nokuhlasela njalo inhlwathi, zingayinqoba. Ingozi yalezi zidalwa isongelwa kakhulu ebuntwaneni, ngenkathi ingakabi namandla kangako. Angadliwa ngokuyinhloko ama-anacondas amadala noma ama-python. Futhi izingwenya zingaziphatha kalula. Kepha uma inhlwathi iphumelela, naphezu kwakho konke ubunzima bempilo yengane, ukuba umuntu omdala, bambalwa kakhulu abantu abazophazamisa ukuhlala kwayo okuzolile.
Kubantu abadala, ngabantu kuphela abayingozi enkulu enhlwathi. Abazingeli baseNdiya bababulala besebenzisa izikhali ezahlukene. Akukho ukwehluleka. Uma umuntu efuna ukuzitholela inyoka efile, uzokwenza. Zimbiwa ikakhulukazi zenyama. Lesi sidlo sithandwa kakhulu eNingizimu Melika. Idliwa ngabantu bendawo nabavakashi abavakashelayo. Kuyinto ebucayi futhi enoshukela ngokunambitha, abantu abaningi bayayithanda ngempela. Isikhumba senyoka naso sibaluleke kakhulu. Isetshenziselwa izingubo zemfashini nezinye izinsimbi. Isikhumba senyoka sisetshenziswa ngabaqambi ekuhlobiseni ifenisha nasezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zokuhlobisa.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Long Anaconda
Ama-Anacondas adinga izimo ezinjalo zokuphila, umuntu angazifinyeleli kakhulu. Kunzima kakhulu ukwenza imikhankaso ehlathini, ukuhlola imizimba yamanzi nokuqukethwe yikho. Ngakho-ke, kuyinkinga ukulinganisa cishe cishe inani labantu bezinhlwathi.
Ukukhishwa kwezinhlwathi ze-zoo kuhlale kuphumelela, njalo kuyenzeka kutholakale inani elifanele labantu. Ukuzingelwa kwezinhlwathi ngabahlali bendawo akumi futhi akubangeli ubunzima, ngakho-ke, amanani abo aminyene impela. Eduze kwezolimo, kunezigameko zezinhlwathi ezihlasela imfuyo, okukhombisa nenani elizinzile lazo.
Vele, okuningi akubhalwanga ngezinhlwathi encwadini ebomvu, isimo sokuvikela sithi - "usongo aluzange luhlolwe." Noma kunjalo, ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi lolu hlobo alusengozini futhi lunazo zonke izimo ezidingekayo zokuphila okunethezekile nokuzala. Ngempela, amahlathi emvula, amahlathi kanye namaxhaphozi angabanjwa kakhulu ukuhlasela kwabantu, intuthuko, ezokuvakasha kanye nokungcoliswa kwemvelo. Ngakho-ke, izinto eziphazamisa impilo ejwayelekile yezinhlwathi ngeke zifinyelele kulezi zindawo maduzane. Anaconda ingahlala ngokuthula, abantu bayo abasongelwa okwamanje.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 12.02.2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 09/18/2019 ngo-10: 17
