UFossa Isilwane esikhulu esidlayo esinamazinyo amakhulu, esifana kakhulu nengxube ye-otter enkulu kanye ne-cougar. Kutholakala emahlathini aseMadagascar. Abantu basesiqhingini bambiza ngebhubesi. Ukuhamba kwesilwane kufana nebhere. Izihlobo eziseduze zalesi sidlo sasebusuku kwakuyizimpisi, ama-mongoose, hhayi umndeni we-feline. Izihlobo ezikude zingama-viverrids.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Fossa
UFossa ungumuntu omdala kunabo bonke futhi uyisilwane esincelisayo esikhulu kunazo zonke eMadagascar. Okuwukuphela kwelungu lohlobo lweCryptoprocta. Lesi silwane siyivelakancane kangangokuba asikho kwenye indawo emhlabeni. Ensimini yesiqhingi, umhlaseli angatholakala yonke indawo, ngaphandle kwezintaba. Esikhathini esedlule esedlule, izihlobo zakhe zafika ngosayizi webhubesi, i-ocelot.
I-fossa enkulu yaphela ngemuva kokuba abantu bebulale ama-lemurs abawadlile. Kusuka emhumeni fossa, kwasala amathambo asatshayo kuphela. Ngokusho kososayensi, lesi silwane sihlala kulesi siqhingi iminyaka engaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-20.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Indlela ifossa ebukeka ngayo
Ubukhulu bukaFossa nokuqina kwakhe kufana nengonyama. Ubude bomzimba wesilwane bungafinyelela kuma-80 cm, umsila ubude ngama-70 cm, ukuphakama kubune ama-37 cm, isisindo esifinyelela ku-11 kg. Umsila nomzimba kucishe kulingane. Umzingeli udinga umsila ukuze alondoloze ibhalansi phezulu futhi ahambe emagatsheni.
Abesilisa bavame ukuba bakhulu kunabesifazane. Umzimba wezidlakela zasendle uminyene, uvulekile, ikhanda lincane nezindlebe eziphumayo eziyindilinga, intamo yinde. Amazinyo angama-36 afaka ama-canine amakhulu, athuthukile. Njengekati, amehlo ayindilinga, akhombisa ukukhanya nokude, okuqinile, okuvezwa kahle, okubalulekile ezilwaneni ezidla inyama ebusuku. Imilenze emide iqine futhi inemisipha enezinzipho ezicijile. Imilenze yangaphambili imfishane kunaleyo yangemuva. Lapho sihamba, isilwane sisebenzisa lonke unyawo.
Ijazi likhulu, lithambile, libushelelezi futhi lifushane. Isembozo singaba nsundu ngombala, sibomvu, noma nsundu ngokubomvu, okusiza ukuhlangana nemibala yehlathi, i-savannah futhi ingabonakali. IFossa ihamba kakhulu, ihamba ngezihlahla ngejubane elithandekayo. Njengengwejeje egxuma esuka egatsheni eya egatsheni. Khwela ngokushesha ezihlahleni bese wehlela kalula kuzo ubheke phansi. Ikati alikwazi ukwenza lokho. Imisindo yenziwa yibo abajwayelene - bangabhodla, noma bangathomba njengamakati ethu.
I-Cryptoprocta yigama lesayensi lesilwane ngenxa yobukhona besikhwama sendunu esifihliwe, esisendaweni ezungeze ingquza. Lesi sikhwama siqukethe indlala ekhethekile efihla imfihlo yombala okhanyayo ngephunga elithile. Leli phunga liyadingeka ukuze izilwane ezizingelayo zizingele. Abesifazane abasebasha banikezwe isici esithandekayo. Ngesikhathi sokuthomba, i-clitoris yabo inyuka ngosayizi ize ifane ngokuphelele nepipi lowesilisa. Ngaphakathi kunethambo, ameva afana nomhlangano wabobulili obuhlukile, futhi kukhiqizwa noketshezi oluwolintshi. Kuvele iqhuma esithweni sangasese esifana nesikhotha.
Kepha konke lokhu ukwakheka kuyanyamalala kowesifazane eneminyaka engama-4, lapho umzimba wakhe usukulungele ukukhulelwa. I-clitoris evulekile iyancipha futhi iba yisitho sangasese sowesifazane esijwayelekile. Kubukeka sengathi le yindlela imvelo evikela ngayo abesifazane ekuhlanganisweni ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Uhlala kuphi uFossa?
Isithombe: Isilwane seFossa
IFossa ivamile, njengoba ingeyezinhlobo zezilwane kuphela futhi ihlala kuphela endaweni ethile. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukuhlangabezana nalesi sidlo esiyingqayizivele esivela emndenini we-mongoose kuphela endaweni yaseMadagascar, ngaphandle kwethafa eliphakathi kwentaba.
Isilwane sizingela cishe sonke isiqhingi: emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo, emasimini, ezihlahleni, lapho sifuna ukudla singena e-savannah. IFossa itholakala ngokulinganayo emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo nezinomswakama eMadagascar. Uncamela amahlathi aminyene, lapho enza khona izindlu zawo zokuhlala. Uma ibanga lingaphezu kwamamitha angama-50, khona-ke lihamba ngokuzithandela phansi. Igwema indawo enezintaba. Ayikhuphuki ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-2000 ngaphezu kolwandle.
Imba imigodi, ithanda ukucasha emihumeni nasemigodini yezihlahla ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu. Uzifihla ngokuzithandela emafolokheni ezihlahla, ezidulini zomuhlwa ezilahliwe, naphakathi kwamatshe. Umzingeli kuphela esiqhingini ohamba ngokukhululeka ezindaweni ezivulekile.
Muva nje, lezi zilwane eziyinqaba zingabonakala ema-zoo. Zithwalwa emhlabeni wonke njengelukuluku. Bondla ukudla kwekati nenyama, abajwayele ukukudla ezimweni zemvelo. Amanye ama-zoo angazishaya isifuba ngokuzala imidlwane ye-fossa ekuthunjweni.
Idlani ifossa?
Isithombe: Fossa endle
Kusukela ezinyangeni zokuqala zokuphila, lesi silwanyana esidla inyama sondla izingane zaso ngenyama.
Ukudla kwakhe okujwayelekile kuqukethe inyama evela ezilwaneni ezincane nezisemaphakathi, njenge:
- izinambuzane;
- izilwane zasemanzini;
- ezihuquzelayo;
- inhlanzi;
- amagundane;
- izinyoni;
- izingulube zasendle;
- ama-lemurs.
Ama-lemurs anamahloni aseMadagascar akha umthombo wokudla oyinhloko, umuthi owuthandayo wezinsalela. Kodwa ukuzibamba akulula. Ama-Lemurs ahamba ngokushesha okukhulu ezihlahleni. Ukuze uthole "isidlo" esiyintandokazi somzingeli, kubalulekile ukugijima ngokushesha kune-lemur.
Uma umhlaseli onobungcweti ekwazi ukubamba i-lemur, khona-ke vele akunakwenzeka ukuphuma ekubambeni kwesilo. Usibopha ngokuqinile isisulu sakhe ngezidladla zangaphambili futhi ngasikhathi sinye udabula iqolo lomuntu ohluphekayo ngeminwe ebukhali. Umhlaseli waseMadagascar uvamise ukulindela inyamazane yakhe endaweni ecashile futhi ahlasele eqamekele. Ukubhekana kalula nesisulu esinesisindo esifanayo.
Izinsalela zinomhobholo ngokwemvelo futhi zivame ukubulala izilwane eziningi kakhulu kunalezo ezingazidla zona. Ngakho-ke, bazitholela udumo phakathi kwabantu bendawo, bachitha izindlu zezinkukhu zasemzaneni. Izakhamizi zisola ukuthi izinkukhu aziphili ngephunga elinyanyekayo eliphuma kwizindlala zesilwane esidlayo.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Fossa Cat
Ngendlela yokuphila, izinsalela zemvelo zifaniswa nesikhova. Ngokuyinhloko, zilala ezindaweni eziyimfihlo emini, kuthi kusihlwa ziqale ukuzingela. Emini, abazingeli balale kakhulu. Ngokwezifundo ezisanda kwenziwa, sekuvezwe ukuthi lezi zilwane ezihlukile ziyalala futhi zizingele kungakhathalekile ukuthi isikhathi sini. Kwanele ukuthi isilwane silale imizuzu embalwa emini ukuze silulame futhi sizulazule endaweni yaso.
Ama-fossas ahola indlela esebenzayo yokuphila ubusuku nemini. Konke kuncike kumzwelo nezimo ezikhona: ngesikhathi sonyaka, ukutholakala kokudla. Zikhetha indlela yokuphila yasemhlabeni, kepha ngenhloso yokuzingela zihamba ngobuhlakani ezihlahleni. UFossa bangabodwana ngokwemvelo. Isilwane ngasinye sinendawo yaso emakwe ngamakhilomitha-skwele amaningana. Kwenzeka ukuthi abesilisa abaningana banamathele endaweni efanayo. Zizingela zodwa. Okuwukuphela kwento eyenzeka ngesikhathi sokuzala nokukhulisa inzalo encane, lapho abasha nonina bezingela njengeqembu.
Uma udinga ukucasha, khona-ke izilwane zizimba umgodi zodwa. Zimboza amakhilomitha amahlanu noma ngaphezulu ngosuku. Bazulazula ezintweni zabo ngokunganaki. Imvamisa akudluli ngaphezu kwekhilomitha elilodwa ngehora. Gijima ngokushesha okukhulu uma kunesidingo. Futhi akunandaba ukuthi ubalekela kuphi - phansi, noma eziqongweni zezihlahla. Bakhuphuka ezihlahleni ngezidladla ezinamandla nezinzipho ezinde ezibukhali. Bazigeza njengamakati, bakhotha konke ukungcola okuvela ezinqeni nasemsileni wabo. Ababhukudi abahle kakhulu.
I-Foss ithuthukiswe kahle:
- ukuzwa;
- umbono;
- umuzwa wokuhogela.
Isilwane esiqaphile, esinamandla nesinakekelayo, umzimba waso omelana nezinhlobonhlobo zezifo ezimweni zemvelo.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Madagascar Fossa
I-Fossa ihlala yodwa kuze kufike isikhathi sokuzala, esivamile ekwindla, ngoSepthemba-Okthoba. Ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, insikazi ikhipha iphunga elinamandla kakhulu eliheha abesilisa. Abesilisa abaningana baqala ukumhlasela. Lapho insikazi isilungele ukukhwelana, igibela esihlahleni ilinde ozowina. Abesilisa abaqapheli kangako, kuvela ulaka. Benza imisindo esongelayo ngendlela yokugquma futhi bahlele izimpi phakathi kwabo.
Eyesilisa, okuvele ukuthi ibinamandla, igibela esihlahleni iye kowesifazane. Kepha akudingekile nakancane ukuthi amukele isoka. Futhi kuphela uma owesilisa emfanela, ufulathela, aphakamise umsila, aphume isitho sangasese. Indoda iba ngemuva, ibambe "intokazi" ngesankahlu sentamo. Inqubo yokukhwelana esihlokweni sesihlahla nendoda eyodwa ithatha amahora afinyelela kwamathathu futhi ihambisana nokukhotha, ukubhibhidla, nokububula. Konke kwenzeka njengenja. Umehluko kuphela ukuthi izinja azigibeli ezihlahleni.
Inaliti ipipi elide ngokuvikelekile lidala ukhiye nezithandani isikhathi eside zilinde ukuphela kwenqubo. Phakathi nesonto ukukhwelwa kuyaqhubeka, kodwa namanye amaduna. Lapho isikhathi se-estrus sowesifazane esisodwa siphela, indawo yakhe esihlahleni ithathwa ngamanye abesifazane ngokushisa, noma owesilisa ngokuzimela uhamba ayofuna umuntu wobulili obuhlukile. Imvamisa, kowesilisa ngamunye kuba nabesifazane abaningana abalungele ukukhwelana.
Umama ozobeletha ube esefuna yedwa indawo ephephile, ecashile yenzalo yakhe. Uzolinda izingane cishe ezinyangeni ezintathu, ngoDisemba-Januwari. Imvamisa, kuzalwa amawundlu amabili kuya kwayisithupha angenakuzisiza anesisindo esingu-100 grams. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi abanye abamele ama-civerrids bazala ingane eyodwa kuphela.
Imidlwane ayizimpumputhe, ayinazinyo lapho izalwa, imbozwe ukukhanya phansi. Bonwa cishe emasontweni amabili. Baqala ukudlala ngenkuthalo nomunye. Ngemuva kwenyanga nohhafu, bakhasa bephuma emgodini. Cishe ezinyangeni ezimbili, aqala ukukhuphuka ezihlahleni. Sekuphele izinyanga ezingaphezu kwezine, umama encelisa izingane ubisi. Ngonyaka nohhafu, izingane zishiya umgodi kanina ziqale ukuhlala zodwa. Kepha kuphela eminyakeni emine, izingane ezisencane zizoba ngabantu abadala. Isikhathi sokuphila salezi zilwane iminyaka eyi-16-20.
Izitha zikaFossa zemvelo
Isithombe: Vossa
Azikho izitha zemvelo kubantu abadala ngaphandle kwabantu. Izakhamuzi zendawo azizithandi lezi zilwane futhi ziyesaba. Ngokwamazwi abo, abahlaseli izinkukhu nje kuphela, kepha kunezimo lapho izingulube nezinkomo zanyamalala khona. Ngenxa yalokhu kwesaba, abantu baseMadagascar baqeda izilwane futhi abazidli nokuzidla. Yize inyama ye-fossa ibhekwa njengokudla. Intsha izingelwa izinyoka, izinyoni ezidla ezinye, futhi kwesinye isikhathi izingwenya zaseNayile.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Predator waseMadagastkar
IFossa esiqhingini ijwayelekile kuzo zonke izingxenye, kepha inani lazo lincane. Kwakukhona isikhathi lapho babebalwa kuphela amayunithi angama-2500 wabantu abadala. Namuhla, isizathu esiyinhloko sokwehla kwenani labantu balezi zilwane ukunyamalala kwendawo yokuhlala. Abantu babhubhisa amahlathi bengacabangi, futhi ngokufanele, inani lama-lemurs, okuwukudla okuyinhloko kwezinsalela, liyancipha.
Izilwane zisengozini yezifo ezithathelwanayo ezidluliselwa kuzo zivela ezilwaneni ezifuywayo. Esikhathini esifushane, inani lamafoss lehle ngama-30%.
Unogada weFossa
Isithombe: Fossa ovela eRed Book
UFossa - isilwane esiyivelakancane emhlabeni futhi njengesilwane "esisengozini yokushabalala" sibhalwe ku "Red Book". Okwamanje, kusesimweni "sezinhlobo ezisengozini". Lesi silwane esiyingqayizivele sivikelwe ekuthekelweni nasekuhwebeni. I-ecotourism ithuthukisa ukusinda kwezilwane ezingavamile eMadagascar, kufaka phakathi i-fossa. Basiza abahlali bendawo ngezezimali, babakhuthaza ukuthi balondoloze amahlathi, futhi kanye nabo ukugcina izilwane eziyigugu kakhulu emhlabeni wethu.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 30.01.2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 16.09.2019 ngo-21: 28
