IChartreuse, noma ikati laseCartesian, luhlobo olunezinwele ezimfushane oluzalwe eFrance. Ukushiwo kokuqala kwalezi zilwane ezinkulu kakhulu kusukela esikhathini seziMpi Zenkolo, lapho ikati laseCartesian lafika emazweni aseYurophu. Uhlobo lwekati oluthandwa kakhulu nguCharles de Gaulle namuhla seludume ngokumangazayo ngabadwebi nosopolitiki abadumile abakwazisa kakhulu uChartreuse ngenxa yobuciko babo bangaphandle kanye nemikhuba yabo yokuzalwa.
Umlando wozalo
Uhlobo lweChartreuse lubhekwa njenge "brainchild" yaseFrance, futhi imithombo yomlando iphakamisa ukuthi okhokho bezilwane ezinjalo "ezinengubo yoboya obuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka" kwakungamakati alethwa endaweni yezindela ngezikhathi zobukhosi. Ngasikhathi sinye, incazelo yokuqala ecace bha yamakati eChartreuse kwakuyimibhalo ethile eyaqala ngekhulu leshumi nane.
Inani elikhulu labamele uhlobo oluhlala ezindlini zezindela zeCarthusian Order laba yizintandokazi zezindela, ezingachazwa ngezizathu eziningi ngasikhathi sinye. Amakati anjalo azingela amagundane ngenkuthalo, esiza ekugcineni ukudla kanye nemibhalo yesandla engabizi kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindela ze-oda azizange zibeke ukubulawa kwamakati njengesenzo sesono, ngakho-ke basebenzisa inyama yabo nezikhumba ezifudumele.
Namuhla, kunezinguqulo eziningana maqondana nemvelaphi yohlobo. Ngokuhambisana neyokuqala kubo, amakati aseSiberia aba okhokho bezinhlobo zeChartreuse, ezafuduka kalula zisuka eTurkey, eSyria nase-Iran zaya ezweni laseFrance, zihambisana nabasolwa bezempi emikhankasweni. Akuyona into ethokozisayo futhi inguqulo ngokuya lapho okhokho bohlobo lweChartreuse balethwe eFrance ngemikhumbi yabathengisi eyayizulazula isuka eSyria naseAfrika.
Ukwehla okuphawulekayo kwenani labameleli bohlobo lweChartreuse kwenzeka ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe Yesibili. Umsebenzi wokuzalisa ngalesi sikhathi wehle cishe ngokuphelele, futhi abantu abasele babaleka. Abafuyi baseFrance bazamile ukusindisa uhlobo olungavamile ngokuwela iChartreuse ngamakati amfishane aseBrithani nasePheresiya. Umphumela womsebenzi onzima kangaka kwaba ukuvela kombala omfushane ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka waseYurophu.
Ososayensi abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi uhlobo oluzalwe ngokwemvelo lunegama lalo lokuzibandakanya futhi kunalokho okungajwayelekile ngokufana "kwengubo yoboya" ngendwangu yoboya obuthambile kakhulu iChartreuse.
Incazelo yekati laseCarthusian
Ngaphandle kokufana okuvela ngaphandle kwabaseBrithani abafishane, amaFrance asetshenziselwa ukubheka iChartreuse njengempahla yabo. Ekuqaleni, lolu hlobo olungajwayelekile lwalunikezwa uhlobo "Amakati asekhaya", kepha owokugcina unombala omthende kakhulu. Ukudideka okuvelile kuphela okwenze ukuthi kukhethwe abamele uhlobo oluthile esigabeni esithi "Ikati eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka".
IBritish Cat Organisation (GCCF) ayikaze ibone uhlobo lweChartreuse njengamanje, ngoba inyunyana eyiphutha yamakati aseBrithani naseCarthusian ayekhona esikhathini esedlule yayisenzelwa abaseBrithani.
Ukubukeka, ubukhulu
Izilwane zalolu hlobo zihlukaniswa ngosayizi wazo omkhulu kanye nesakhiwo "sakudala", futhi hhayi ngokuqina, kepha ukubukeka okuvamile nokwabomdabu. Noma ngabe usayizi wabo ubabazeka kanjani, bonke abamele uhlobo lweChartreuse bayashesha, bayashintshashintsha, bayashesha futhi bayabala, futhi ukuhamba kwabo kuyinto phakathi komusa nokuzethemba kwemvelo.
Amakati amancane kakhulu kunamakati. Ngokuphakama okujwayelekile kwesilwane esidala esivuthiwe ngokobulili esingama-28-32 cm, isisindo saso esincane, njengomthetho, singaba ngu-5.0-5.5 kg noma ngaphezulu. Isisindo somzimba samadoda amadala ngokuvamile sifinyelela ku-8.0-9.0 kg. Umbala wokugcina wamehlo, nobukhulu obenele nokuthungwa kwejazi elijwayelekile kukati laseCartesian, kukhula ngeminyaka.
Amazinga okuzala
Ikati laseCartesian laziwa njengohlobo oluhlukile lwama-Aboriginal Chartreux ovela ezinhlanganweni zomhlaba wonke, kubandakanya i-International Cat Federation (FIFe), iCat Fanciers Association (CFA), i-International Cat Association (TICA) kanye ne-American Cat Fanciers Association (ACFA). Namuhla, izindinganiso zalolu hlobo zichazwe ngokuqinile, ngakho-ke iChartreuse emsulwa ine:
- ngosayizi ophakathi nendawo, omkhulu futhi unemisipha, enamathambo asindayo;
- isifuba esibanzi;
- imisipha ekhuliswe kahle esifundeni sangemuva nange-lumbar;
- izitho ezincane, ezinemisipha nezinamandla;
- izidladla eziyindilinga;
- oyindilinga ichopho hhayi umsila omude kakhulu, ulingana ngokuphelele nomzimba;
- isigaba somsila esihambayo futhi esiguquguqukayo;
- inhloko enkulu futhi ebanzi ezansi;
- izihlathi ezigcwele nxazonke;
- izindlebe zosayizi ophakathi, zibekwe phezulu futhi zithambekele phambili phambili;
- ibunzi eliphakeme nelichazwe kahle;
- iqonde, ubude obuphakathi nobubanzi, ngokugoba okuncane ekhaleni;
- enkulu, eyindilinga ngokuma, usethe amehlo asondele kahle.
Amehlo amnyama anombala osawolintshi, ophuzi, noma wethusi agqamile ezilwaneni ezihlanzekile. I-Chartreuse ibonakala ngengubo emfushane ebukeka njengoboya be-otter. Ijazi liminyene futhi lithambile kakhulu, futhi ngenxa yengubo yangaphansi ende, liminyene futhi lindiza. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi umbala wejazi leChartreuse uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokukhethekile: kusuka ekukhanyeni kuye emithunzini emnyama yalombala, ucwebezela kakhulu ekukhanyeni kwesiliva.
Umlingiswa wekati, isimilo
Amakati aseCarthusian anokuziphatha okuhle kakhulu namandla. I-Chartreuse inomoya ozolile futhi olinganiselayo, kwesinye isikhathi ofinyelela nasekuziphatheni kokungenzi lutho. Izilwane ezifuywayo ezinjalo zivila kakhulu, zikhetha ukulala kunemidlalo yangaphandle noma ukuphumula nje, zilele kusofa. Ngenxa yesimo sabo sokuzola, amakati akwaCarthusian angakhetha kahle kubantu abangashadile noma abamatasa kakhulu, kanye nemindeni enezingane.
Abamele uhlobo lweChartreuse babekezelela kalula isizungu eside, futhi futhi abesabisi omakhelwane ngokukhala okukhulu. Ukuthungathwa kwamakati anjalo cishe kufana nokuhlebeza okungandile. Izilwane ezinjalo ezifuywayo ngokushesha zinamathela kumnikazi wazo nakuwo wonke amalungu omndeni, futhi ziyakwazi nokukhombisa umona, kepha azizona neze izilwane ezicasulayo nezinomusa, ezinothando.
Amakati aseCartesian awathandi ukuhlala ezandleni zomnikazi wawo, futhi awakubekezeleli ukuthanda okucasulayo. Ngasikhathi sinye, abakhombisi ubudlova, futhi banesineke kakhulu yize benza imigilingwane yezingane ezincane. Kodwa-ke, ezinye, ikakhulukazi ezifuywayo nezinyoni, zingaba yisisulu esilula sekati laseCartesian, ngenxa yesimo sokuzingela esithuthukile futhi esinamandla.
Isikhathi sokuphila
Kanye nezinye izinhlobo eziningi zabomdabu, amakati aseCartesian ahlukaniswa nempilo enhle futhi ahlala enamandla iminyaka eminingi. Isilinganiso seminyaka yokuphila kwabamele uhlobo olungajwayelekile lweChartreuse singahluka kusuka eminyakeni eyishumi nane kuya kwayishumi nesithupha.
Ukugcina ikati laseCartesian
Amakati we-Chartreuse ahloniphekile ekuzilungiseni. Ukugcina isilwane esinjalo kuthatha ukuhambisana nemithetho yenhlanzeko nokukhethwa kokudla okulungile. Phakathi kokunye, ngaphandle kokuvikeleka okuhle kakhulu okuzalwa nakho, akunconywa ngokuqinile ukuthi ungazinaki izindlela eziyisisekelo zokuzivikela, kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kwezilwane kanye nokugonywa.
Ukunakekelwa nokuhlanzeka
Isilwane esidinga ukunakekelwa sidinga ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe ngesikhathi se-molting. Ngalesi sikhathi, kungakuhle ukuthi uhlanganise uboya besilwane ngokucophelela ngangokunokwenzeka ngemabhulashi akhethekile cishe kanye noma kabili ngesonto. Kufanele futhi ucabangele ezinye zezici zokugeza ikati laseCartesian, ngenxa yoboya obuminyene futhi obuphendula kahle. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa i-shampoo yekati ekhethekile ukugeza isilwane sakho esinemilenze emine.
Kuzoba wusizo: ugezwa kanjani ukosha
Masonto onke kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlole amehlo nezindlebe zekati, ususe ngokucophelela, uma kunesidingo, yonke imfihlo yemvelo enekotini efakwe emanzini afudumele ahlanzekile noma i-lotion ehlanzekile. Amazinyo wesilwane ahlanzwa ngoqwembe kusetshenziswa umuthi wokuxubha okhethekile ovimbela ukwakheka kwe-tartar nokwakhiwa kwezifo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Uzipho lwesilwane luyasikwa njengoba lukhula lubuyela emuva.
Ukudla, ukudla
Ezindabeni zokondleka, abamele uhlobo lweChartreuse akuzona neze izilwane ezifuywayo. Ikati laseCartesian lingaphakelwa kokubili ukudla kwemvelo nokudla okwenziwe ngomumo okwenziwe kalula, okulula ukusebenziseka noma okumanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inketho yesibili yamukeleka kakhulu futhi ilungile ngokuya ngezimpawu nezindleko zekhwalithi.
Izilwane zezilwane azikukhuthazi ukuxubana kokuphakelwa okulungiselelwe okwenziwe ngezimboni nokuhlukahluka kwemvelo ekudleni kwabamele uhlobo lweChartreuse, okungadala ukuphazamiseka okukhulu komzimba emzimbeni wesilwane. Lapho udla ngemikhiqizo yemvelo, kungakuhle ukuthi ukhethe inyama yenyama kanogwaja, kanye nenkukhu, ikalikuni noma inyama yenkomo engenamafutha.
Noma iyiphi inyama ngaphambi kokuyinikeza isilwane kufanele ibiliswe noma iqandiswe ngokuphelele. Kwesinye isikhathi, izilwane ezifuywayo zinganikezwa inhlanzi yasolwandle ephekwe kahle (okungcono izinhlobo ezingenamathambo). Ukuhlobisa kungaqukatha imifino ehlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi i-zucchini ne-squash, ukholifulawa, namathanga. Futhi, ungakhohlwa ngemikhiqizo yobisi ebilisiwe ewusizo emzimbeni wekati ngendlela yobisi olubilisiwe olubilisiwe, i-bioyogurt noma i-kefir enamafutha aphansi.
Okuhamba phambili, ngokubuka kodokotela bezilwane nabalimi abanolwazi, ukudla okulungiselelwe okulungiselelwe ukondla ikati laseCartesian: iFitmin For Life, Brit Care, Summit, Blitz, Leonardo, Brit Premium, Organix, Probalance, Ontario and Science Plan. Ukuphakelwa okuphelele kwe-Acana, Carnilove, Go Natural, Grandorf neFarmina N&D, okungabizi kakhulu kubanikazi bohlobo lweChartreuse, nakho sekuzibonakalise kahle kakhulu.
Izifo nezinkinga zokuzala
Ubukhulu obumangazayo bomzimba wohlobo lwekati leChartreuse bungadala izifo ezithile ezihlangene. Umlomo wekati laseCartesian nawo ungaba yindawo enenkinga. Amanye amalungu ohlobo kwesinye isikhathi anezinsimbi eziseduze kakhulu, kanye ne-gingivitis. Ukuvimbela okunamandla kukuvumela ukunciphisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa izifo zamazinyo, futhi izinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu zomlomo womlomo zidinga ukungenelela okuphoqelekile kwezilwane.
Amaphutha amakhulu nokushiyeka, kanye nezimpawu ezibaluleke kakhulu zokungafaneleki kohlobo lweChartreuse yilezi:
- ukukhula okuphezulu;
- izidladla ezinde ngokweqile;
- isifuba esincane;
- ukwakheka kwekhanda okulingene ngokweqile;
- izindlebe ezinde;
- amehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma aluhlaza;
- izimpumulo ezibomvana namaphayiphu;
- ukuphuka komsila;
- ikhala eliguquliwe;
- ikhefu elibukhali emakhaleni;
- isifonyo esibanzi nesindayo;
- amehlo asondelene kakhulu;
- ebukeka ethukuthele.
Ukuhlola ukuhambisana kwesilwane namazinga ohlobo okuzinza kuhilela ukuhlolwa kwengubo. Ukuba khona kwemivimbo ngombala, kanye namabala akhanyayo noma amnyama, akwamukelekile.
Thenga ikati leChartreuse
Ngaphansi kwesikhumba samakati amhlophe eChartreuse, amakati aseBrithani "asezingeni eliphansi" avame ukuthengiswa, ahluke ngokusobala ekwakhiweni kwekhanda nomzimba. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, izinhlobo ziyahlukahluka ku-genotype nakuhlamvu. Namuhla ukuzalisa amakati iChartreuse akuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwemingcele yaseMelika neFrance, ngakho-ke, ukuqaliswa kwawo eRussia akuvunyelwe ngokomthetho. Ukuvinjelwa okuqinile kusebenza emazweni lapho kunganakwa imithetho ethi "Ekuvikelweni kwezilwane".
Yini okufanele uyibheke
Ku-udoti, njengomthetho, kuzalwa amazinyane amane noma amahlanu. Izingane ezizalwayo zinombala ophuzi ngokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Amantshontsho oketshezi anombala wejazi kungenzeka abe nemivimbo ebuthakathaka nezindandatho emsileni, okufanele zinyamalale esilwaneni esifika eminyakeni emibili ubudala.
Kufanele kukhunjulwe futhi ukuthi umbala ohlukile wewolintshi noma wethusi wamehlo ekati laseCartesian ekugcineni uzokwakhiwa kuphela lapho eneminyaka emithathu ubudala. Amantshontsho eChartreuse afinyelela ukukhula kwawo ngokugcwele lapho eneminyaka emithathu. Ikati elithengiwe kufanele lisebenze futhi lijabule. Ngokukhethekile kukhokhelwa ukutholakala kwayo yonke imibhalo edingekayo.
Intengo yekati eliphelele
Uhlobo olungajwayelekile lweChartreuse njengamanje lubhekwa njengokungajwayelekile, futhi bambalwa kakhulu abalimi abanedumela elihle kanye nabafuyi abasezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu. Kungalesi sizathu intengo yama-kittens angama-purebred Chartreuse isiphezulu kakhulu namuhla. Njengamanje, izindleko ezijwayelekile zekati lanyanga zonke laseCarthusian okungenani ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-40-45, futhi kumane nje akunangqondo ukuthenga ikati lekati elincane elithembisayo kubakhiqizi abahle ngama-ruble angaphansi kuka-100,000.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi amanani entengo athinteka ngqo hhayi kuphela ngokutholakala kohlobo lweChartreuse, kepha futhi nangokunye okunye okubalulekile, kufaka phakathi zonke izindleko zomfuyi noma inkulisa yokuthola nokukhuliswa okulandelayo kwenzalo eyazalwa. Okokuqala, umfuyi uchitha isikhathi nemali ehlaba umxhwele ekutholeni umlingani ofanele kuzo zonke izinhlaka, ngemuva kwalokho ukuhlelwa kokuhlangana. Izindleko ezinkulu futhi zikhombisa ukunakekelwa okuhle kwekati elikhulelwe, izinsizakalo zezilwane nawo wonke amaphepha adingekayo.
Ukubuyekezwa komnikazi
Ngokusho kweningi labanikazi beChartreuse, abamele lolu hlobo, okuyinto engavamile kakhulu ezweni lethu, bangabanumzane bangempela, abahlukaniswa ngokuzithiba nobuhle babo, imikhuba emihle kakhulu nokudla okumnandi kwangaphakathi. Embuthanweni womndeni, izilwane ezifuywayo ezinjalo ziziphatha ngokuthula, ngokuzola okukhulu nangokungabonakali ngokuphelele. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye bahlala bengabazingeli abangenakuqhathaniswa bamagundane ahlukahlukene.
Ngenxa yokuthambekela kwamakati aseCartesian okhuluphele, lezi zilwane ezifuywayo zidinga kakhulu ukuvivinya umzimba njalo nokunyakaza okwanele. Isikhala esivinjelwe asifanele nakancane le njongo, ngakho-ke odokotela bezilwane bancoma ukuthi abamele uhlobo lweChartreuse bavame ukuhamba ngaphandle. Kulokhu, umnikazi wekati udinga ukunakekela ukwelashwa okuvamile nokusebenzayo kokuvikela ijazi loboya ngezindlela ezikhethekile zokulwa nama-ectoparasites.
Ochwepheshe baluleka ukwelapha ukutholwa kwekati leChartreuse ngokucophelela, mhlawumbe ngokomsebenzi, ngoba ngokwemithetho yamanje yokuzalanisa amakati anjalo eFrance naseMelika, ukuhlanganiswa kwalolu hlobo akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele, kufaka phakathi noma yikuphi ukukhwelana okuhlangana. Noma kunjalo, abafuyi abangathembekile abazinaki izidingo ezinjalo, ezingaba yisizathu esiyinhloko sokwehla kohlobo lwekati olungavamile futhi oluhle ngokuzayo.
