Uhlobo luthwala isihloko esingashiwongo "King of Terriers" hhayi kuphela ngenxa yobukhulu baso obuhlaba umxhwele, kepha futhi nangenxa yezimpawu zayo zomhlaba wonke. I-Airedale iphelele ekuvikeleni, ekusesheni, ekuzingeleni futhi njengesiqondiso sezimpumputhe.
Umlando wozalo
I-Airedale Terrier, njengezintaba eziningi, yaqhamuka eNgilandi, yathatha igama layo isuka esigodini esiphakathi kwemifula i-Eyre neWharf, eseYorkshire.... Ngaphandle kokuthi le ndawo yayiyizimboni (zinemigayo eminingi namafektri), kwakukhona inqwaba yemidlalo - izinyoni, izimpungushe, onogwaja, ama-otter, ama-marten, ama-badger, izinyoni namagundane amanzi. Ekuzingeleni lezi zokugcina, izimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu ze-terriers ezazinazo zonke izisebenzi zasefekthri zacijwa.
Zonke i-terriers zinesibindi esifanele nobungqabavu ekufuneni izilwane ezincane, kepha bezingakulungele ukubamba ezinkulu, ezidinga ukwakhiwa kohlobo olusha lwe-terrier - elinesibindi ngokunganqobeki, njengaphambi kwalo, kepha liqinile futhi linikezwe izinwele ezingasebenzisi amanzi.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ukuwela okuguqukayo, okwaholela ekubukekeni kwe-Airedale ngo-1853, kwenziwa nguWilfrid Holmes, owalingisa umuntu othanda i-otter hound. Ngakho-ke kwazalwa izinja, ezinesibindi njengama-terriers, kepha ngamandla okuhlula isilo esikhulu.
Izinja, ngenxa yothando lwazo lwamanzi, zazivame ukubizwa nge-Water Terriers, kanti imidlwane yaqedwa ngokushesha ngabazingeli bendawo nabasubathi ababezazi mathupha ngokusebenza kwabo okuhle / ukulwa kwabo. Kuze kube manje, abanye abaphatha izinja bayaqiniseka ukuthi izinhlobo zabelusi (mhlawumbe i-collie yomngcele) zazisetshenziswa ekukhetheni i-Airedale, elungele ukuqapha imihlambi uma kudingeka. Ama-Airedale Terriers anamuhla ayakwazi ukulwa, futhi kanzima futhi buthule, okuthi, ngokusho kwabanye abalimi, kukhombisa ubukhona bezakhi zofuzo zeBull Terrier.
Uhlobo lwethulwa emphakathini ngo-1864, kepha ngo-1886 kuphela igama lalo lamukelwa manje. Akubona bonke abafuyi bezinja baseBrithani abemukele i-Airedale ngomsindo: abazange baphoxwe ubukhulu be "terrier" (15 kg yesisindo esinokuphakama kuka-0.4-0.6 m). Ngo-1900, kwaqhamuka i-Airedale Terrier Club of America (iklabhu laseMelika), kwathi ngemuva kweminyaka eyi-14, lolu hlobo olusha lwaqhamuka lusezingeni eliphambili eMpini Yezwe Yokuqala, lapho u-Airedale asindisa khona abalimele, bathumela imiyalezo, baletha ama-cartridges nezinhlinzeko, bagada izinto ezibalulekile futhi babamba amagundane.
Incazelo ye-Airedale
Imisipha, iqinile, icwecwe futhi inkulu kunazo zonke eqenjini elisabekayo. I-Airedale ikhombisa ukubukeka okunamandla nesimo se-terrier enezindlebe zomsila nokusethwa komsila. Kuyinja esebenzayo ngokunyakaza okusheshayo nokusheshayo, ithola isisindo esifinyelela ku-20-30 kg endaweni ephakeme ekubuneni kwama-58-61 cm (abesilisa) no-56-59 cm (abesifazane).
Izinga elijwayelekile
I-standard standard ye-Breed No. 7 yamukelwa yi-FCI ngoJuni 1987. I-Airedale Terrier inekhanda elilinganiswe kahle elinokhakhayi olucikene futhi oluyisicaba (cishe ubude obulingana nesifonyo), hhayi ububanzi ikakhulukazi phakathi kwezindlebe nokuthinta kancane ngamehlo. Ushintsho olusuka ebunzini luye kumlomo luyabonakala kancane. Izindlebe ezilele ezimise okwe-V, lapho umugqa wesibaya esiphezulu ungaphezudlwana kwezinga logebhezi, ngokulingana nosayizi wesilwane. Izindlebe ezilenga noma izindlebe eziphakeme kakhulu azifakwanga.
Umlomo wesifonyo unamandla amakhulu, awugudluki, unamathambo ngisho nezihlathi futhi ugcwaliswe kahle ngaphansi kwamehlo. Kunokutsheka okuncane kusuka emehlweni kuye ekhaleni, kuqeda ukucabanga kokulula nokubukeka okwakhiwe okwekhanda. Ikhala limnyama, izindebe zivaleke ngci, yomibili imihlathi ijulile, inamandla futhi inemisipha. Amazinyo ka-Airedale makhulu. Ukuluma iscissor: Ukulunywa okulinganiselwe kuyamukeleka, kepha zombili izithombe ezingezansi nezokudlula ngokweqile azithandeki. Amehlo amnyama amnyama awaphumeli ngaphandle, ane-Terrier ejwayelekile, ukubhekisisa nokunaka. Ukubukeka okunonya namehlo akhanyayo akufuneki.
Intamo eyomile nenemisipha ayinayo i-dewlap futhi ilula ngokushelela maqondana namahlombe... Umzimba onesihloko esifushane (esingaxegi), esiqinile futhi esilinganayo. Isifuba asibanzi, kepha sijule endololwaneni, sinezimbambo ezigqamile. Isinqe sinemisipha. Imilenze yangaphambili iyisicaba futhi yinde, inethambeka elibushelelezi, izindwani zamahlombe ezibekeke kahle, kanye nezingalo / amathambo aqondile amathambo. Amathanga nemilenze engezansi yemilenze yangemuva inemisipha, inamandla futhi yinde.
Okubalulekile! I-Airedale Terrier ine-compact futhi eyindilinga (enamapayipi athuthukiswe kahle nezinzwane ezigoqwe ngokulingene), ezibeka ngaphandle kokujikela ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle. Amandla okushayela adalwa yimilenze yangemuva, kanti imilenze yangaphambili isebenza ngokukhululeka, ifana nomzimba.
Umsila oqinile futhi oqinile (ovame ukubanjwa) ubekwe phezulu, awugobi ngemuva futhi uphathwa ngenjabulo. Ukuphela komsila cishe ekuphakameni kwe-occiput. Ibhantshi langaphandle lifana nocingo - liqinile futhi liminyene (elinamakhefu), imvamisa ligobeka kancane, kepha alikwazi ukugoqeka noma lithambe. Ijazi langaphandle alide kangako ukuthi libukeke lishaxekile: lingena liqinile emzimbeni nasemilenzeni. Ingubo yangaphansi ithambile futhi imfishane.
Ngombala, kuvunyelwe indwangu yesali emnyama noma empunga (imibala efanayo iyabonakala ezindaweni ezingaphezulu zomsila nentamo). Umzimba osele unombala obomvu ngokubomvu onamathoni amnyama ama-auricles. Ukumakwa okumnyama ngaphansi kwezindlebe nasentanyeni kuvunyelwe, kanye nezinwele ezimhlophe ezithile esifubeni.
Uhlamvu lwenja
Intatheli yaseMelika kanye nomfuyi wezinja u-Albert Payson Terhune wayihlonipha kakhulu i-Airedale, wayibiza ngokuthi "umshini onobuchopho obuthuthukisiwe namakhono engqondo ayisimanga angabonakali kwezinye izinhlobo."
UTerhune wayekholelwa ukuthi i-airedale eqinile neyindilinga, yonke i-intshi ethola ukusetshenziswa kwayo, yayingeyona imfashini - abantu abaningi kakhulu babona ukuthi yayingcono kunanoma iluphi olunye uhlobo. I-Airedale "ihlala ilapha" futhi ayinazo izakhiwo eziseceleni. Yenza umsebenzi oncomekayo wezinja ezahlukahlukene zokuzingela, kufaka phakathi i-Setter ne-Pointer.
Okubalulekile! I-Airedale iyaphikiswa ngabantu abavilaphayo nabahlala phansi, njengoba idinga isikhala esiningi nokunyakaza okungaguquki. Le yinja ezethembayo nenobungane, esheshayo futhi engesabi, okungaqashelwa imininingwane eyodwa kuyo.
Imidlwane ye-Airedale ihlukaniswa ukungazinzi kahle kwayo, ingena yonke imifantu, icoshe izinto (amasokisi, amathoyizi ezingane, izingubo) nokugedla izinto ezitholakalayo. Ama-Erdels azimele futhi anenkani, kepha athanda ukuzizwa njengamalungu omndeni futhi athembeke ngokungenamibandela kumnikazi.... Lezi zinja ezinkulu nezinomdlandla zihlangana kahle kakhulu nezingane, ngisho nezincane kakhulu, ngaphandle kokweqa umugqa oyingozi emidlalweni ehlangene. I-Airedale izokujabulela ukukukhapha lapho ujima nsuku zonke futhi ikusekele ngokuhamba ngebhayisikili.
Isikhathi sokuphila
Ama-airedale terriers awawona ama-long-livers omhlaba we-canine, aphila ngokwesilinganiso kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-8-12.
Ukugcinwa kwe-Airedale
Abamele lolu hlobo bahlala bekhuthele futhi benamandla amakhulu ekugugeni okuvuthiwe, yingakho bengajwayelwanga ikakhulukazi ezindlini ezinamadolobha amancane. I-cottage yezwe enamagceke avulekile ifaneleka kakhulu kubo, ukungabikho kwabo kungakhokhelwa ngokuhamba okude (ngaphakathi kwedolobha) nokuhambela ehlathini, ngokwesibonelo, ngokuzingela.
Ukunakekelwa nokuhlanzeka
Ukunakekela ijazi le-Airedale akunzima: udinga ukulixubha ngezikhathi ezithile ngebhulashi eliqinile noma ikama elinamazinyo ayindilinga, usebenzisa i-furminator ukususa ingubo yangaphansi. Ngokuchithwa kwesizini, izinwele zikhishwa kaningi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezindlela ezimbili ezingeziwe zokunakekela ijazi:
- ukusika (cishe kanye njalo emavikini ama-2-3) ngezinja zokubonisa;
- ukugunda izinwele (kanye njalo ezinyangeni ezi-2-5) ze-airedale okuncane noma ukungabambi iqhaza emibonisweni.
Izinsizakalo zokugunda izinwele nokugunda (uma engekho amakhono afanele) kungatholakala kumkhwenyana oqeqeshiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kanye ngenyanga kuyadingeka ukunciphisa izinwele phakathi kwezinzwane ukugwema ukuphazamiseka. Uma inja ingazigayi izipikili zayo lapho isebenza ku-asphalt, zigundwa njalo.
Kuyathakazelisa! Izinqubo zokugeza zihlelwa njengoba i-airedale iba engcolile noma ilungiselela umbukiso. Iphunga lezimfundiso ezivela ku-Airedale terriers, njengokujwayelekile, alizi.
Qala ukujwayeza umdlwane wakho kuzo zonke izinqubo zenhlanzeko ngokushesha okukhulu ukuze ungabhekani nokuphikiswa ngokuzayo. Hlola izindlebe zesilwane sakho kanye ngesonto ukuthola iphunga, ubomvu, noma imizimba yangaphandle.
Kuzothakazelisa futhi:
- I-Furminator yenja
- Ikhola yezinja
- I-Muzzle yenja
- Ugeza kangaki inja yakho
Ukudla, ukudla
Imidlwane efinyelela ezinyangeni ezimbili ubudala ifakwa izitsha ezahlukahlukene nezenelisayo, eziphaka izitsha (inyama, i-cottage shizi, okusanhlamvu nemifino) ngendlela yamazambane acubuziwe, ingakhohlwa ubisi. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingu-2-3, inyama iyanqunywa ibe yizicucu, ngaphandle kokuyifaka esikhundleni se-offal.
Ukudla kwe-Airedale Terrier (ngosuku):
- kufika ezinyangeni ezine - izikhathi eziyisithupha;
- kusuka ezinyangeni ezingu-4 kuya kwezingu-6 - ama-ruble angu-4;
- kusuka ezinyangeni ezingu-6 kuya kwezi-8 - kathathu;
- ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-8 - kabili.
Okubalulekile! Imidlwane enezinyanga ezine ubudala inikezwa izinhlanzi (hhayi ngaphezulu kwezikhathi ezi-2 ngesonto). Ngezinyanga eziyi-8, i-Airedale ifinyelela usayizi wenja endala, futhi ukudla kwayo kuyashintsha ngandlela thile.
Imenyu yabantu abadala ihlanganisa le mikhiqizo elandelayo:
- Inyama eluhlaza engahluziwe (inkukhu, unogwaja, inyama yenkomo, newundlu)
- amathambo (ushukela wenkomo, amahlombe noma izimbambo);
- offal (ikakhulukazi umugqa ongachazwanga);
- okusanhlamvu (i-buckwheat, ukolweni ne-oat);
- i-fillet yezinhlanzi zasolwandle (ngokwengxenye kufanele iphindwe izikhathi eziyi-1.5 kunenyama);
- i-feta cheese, i-cottage cheese eyenziwe ngokwenza kanye ne-kefir;
- i-yolk eluhlaza noma iqanda elibilisiwe (njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-3-4).
Iningi le-Airedale terriers lihlafuna ngokuzithandela izithelo nemifino, njengamakhukhamba, amathanga, izaqathe, ama-apula, i-rutabagas, i-turnips nama-beet, ngaphandle kokuyeka amajikijolo ehlathi / engadi.
Izifo nezinkinga zokuzala
Ama-airedale terriers abekezelela ubuhlungu ngokuzuma, yingakho abanikazi bawo kufanele banake kakhulu izimpawu ezimbalwa zokugula. Kuyiqiniso, i-Airedale inokuzivikela okuqinile, okubavikela ezifweni eziningi ze-canine noma ngabe ayikho imigomo.
Ngokuvamile, lo mhlobo unalezi zifo ezilandelayo:
- hepatitis yegciwane;
- i-parvovirus enteritis;
- ukutheleleka kwezikelemu (imidlwane ivame ukutheleleka);
- ukuvuvukala okungapheli kwesibindi (kubonakala nge-otitis media);
- i-dermatitis, i-eczema eluhlaza kanye ne-allergies.
Izifo zesikhumba, njengomthetho, zibonisa ukungasebenzi kahle kwesibindi, isisu namathumbu, kanye nokuphazamiseka emsebenzini wesistimu yezinzwa.
Okubalulekile! Ngokusho kwe-UK Kennel Club, eyashicilelwa ngo-2004, umdlavuza (39.5%), ohlobene nobudala (14%), owomchamo (9%) nowokuhlasela kwenhliziyo (6%) wabizwa njengezimbangela zokufa kwe-Airedale terriers.
Izifo ezizuzwe njengefa zihlanganisa:
- i-corneal dystrophy, i-keratitis engapheli engapheli;
- i-atrophy yokubuyisa kanye nejwabu leso volvulus;
- i-cardiomyopathy evulekile;
- i-dysplasia yelungu le-hip,
- i-hyperadrenocorticism;
- i-cerebellar hypoplasia ne-hypothyroidism;
- i-hernia ye-umbilical, i-dysplasia yezinso, ukungabikho kwezinso ezi-1 noma ezi-2;
- Isifo se-von Willebrand (esingajwayelekile).
Ukwelashwa okufanele impilo yonke, ukudla okunomsoco kanye nokunakekelwa kuzosiza ekwandiseni impilo yenja, noma ngabe kutholakala izifo zokuzalwa.
Imfundo nokuqeqeshwa
Ama-airedale terriers asheshe afunde ulwazi olusha namakhono, futhi acishe aphelelwe yisithakazelo kuwo ngokushesha.... Kulula ukuqeqesha i-Airedale, kepha kungcono ukukwenza ngendlela yomdlalo, usebenzisa umvuzo, hhayi isijeziso. I-Airedale akufanele iqeqeshwe kanzima njengomalusi, ukuze ingatholi umphumela ohlukile.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ngohlobo olukhulu olufana ne-Airedale Terrier, kunconywa ukuthi uqedele i-General Training Course (GCT) ukuze usingathe inja ngaphandle kwezinkinga kunoma yisiphi isimo.
Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi i-airedale (njengawo wonke ama-terriers) izogijimela izilwane ezincane, ikhonkothe kakhulu, yazise umnikazi, futhi imbe njalo umhlabathi, ikhuphukele enkabeni yombhede wezimbali. I-Airedale iyathanda ukudedelwa, kepha ngasikhathi sinye kufanele ilandele imiyalo yakho ngokushesha (ikakhulukazi edolobheni). Kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuhamba inja endala. Ubuncane isilwane sakho esingathembela kuso yisigamu sehora lokuzivocavoca kabili ngosuku.
Thenga i-Airedale
Kufanele ufune injana esezingeni eliphezulu esibayeni, abanikazi bayo abalandela izitayela zakamuva ekuthuthukisweni kohlobo futhi banentshisekelo empumelelweni yezinja zabo emincintiswaneni / emibonisweni. Ngabalimi kuphela abazokuthengisela umdlwane onempilo futhi bakusize ekukhuliseni nasemsebenzini wakhe wesikhathi esizayo.
Yini okufanele uyibheke
Umnikazi ongaba ngumnikazi we-Airedale kumele anqume ukuthi uyifunelani inja. Uma, ukuze unqobe umncintiswano, kuyadingeka ukuthi ubheke inkulisa eba nezimfanelo zokusebenza e-Airedale terriers, okuvame ukuthi kungabi nomthelela omuhle kakhulu ngaphandle. Uma ufuna umpetha wombukiso, ovame ukubandakanyeka ekuzaleni, thola inkulisa ekhulisa i-Airedale enokuvumelana okuhle. Kuzona zozimbili lezi zimo, lapho uvakashela isibaya seninja, naka abazali bomdlwane wakho, futhi-ke, kuye: kufanele abe nesibindi, ajabule, adlale futhi abe nempilo.
Intengo yozalo lomdlwane
I-Airedale terrier yegazi elihle ayikwazi ukubiza ngaphansi kwama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-20. Ngabakhiqizi abanesihloko, intengo inyukela kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-30-40.
Ukubuyekezwa komnikazi
# ukubuyekeza 1
U-Erdel weza kithi ngengozi, lapho ngineminyaka engu-3 kuphela ubudala. Ukukhuthazela kwakhe, empeleni, kwakumangalisa - ngamkhipha ngaphansi kombhede ngomsila ngagibela emlonyeni wakhe, kodwa inja ayikaze ingibhonge noma ingilume.
Ngithole nabamele lolu hlobo: Ngiyazi ukuthi ukubekezela nokuzinikela kusegazini labo. Bahlakaniphile, bahlakaniphile, bayahlekisa, kulula ukuqeqesha futhi bathanda izinja.
Kuyiqiniso, abalingiswa be-Airedale bangehluka - umngani wami uhlangabezane nesidalwa esikhohlakele (ngokungafani nokuzola kwethu, nokuzibamba kweNordic). Ngokuphathelene noboya - kufanele bumataniswe nsuku zonke, kepha besikama kanye ngesonto, futhi bekungekho zinkinga. U-Airedale wethu uphile iminyaka eyi-16 kuphela ngenxa yokukhubazeka kwenhliziyo azalwe nayo, kanti u-Airedale womngani waphila iminyaka engama-23 (!).
# ukubuyekeza 2
Lezi yizinja ezithembeke kakhulu emhlabeni: bathi bahlala nomnikazi oyedwa, futhi uma belahlekelwa nguye, ababoni entsha futhi bafa ngenxa yokudabuka... Vele, asishiyanga iBertha yethu isikhathi eside (ukubheka), kepha kanye lapho sisuke ekhaya sodwa ubusuku bonke. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi omakhelwane bathi ubebubula kuze kuse. Lokhu kunguhlobo lokuzingela, ngakho-ke, ngokulandela imizwa, bagijimela yonke into ehamba. Imayini esehlathini yayithanda ukuxosha ama-hedgehogs - yayizobamba, ikhiphe lonke utshani obuzungezile, iphule inhlabathi, kepha ibingazi ukuthi izokwenzenjani ngokulandelayo. Ungumngane namakati, kepha uwahambisa esihlahleni.
Ngokuvamile, kufanele uhambe kakhulu nge-airedale. Sasikhipha uBerta edolobheni njalo ngesonto - ehlobo sasibhukuda sigijime, ebusika sashushuluza eqhweni. Izinja ezihlakaniphile nezinokuthula, azihlaseli abadlulayo, zingaqeqeshwa kalula. Sakwenqaba ukudla okomile, imvamisa sithatha izinkukhu zezinkukhu noma okuthile kwenyama. UBerta waququda izinti unyaka wonke, ngakho-ke akazange abe nezinkinga ngamazinyo akhe: zikhule zimhlophe futhi zihlanzekile. Uboya bukhishwa futhi busikiwa.
