Isifo esibucayi segciwane elinokufa okuphezulu, esaziwa nge-canine distemper, isifo sikaCarré, noma isifo se-carnivore, sihlasele abafuyi bezinja nezilwane ezifuywayo selokhu kwagcina ukufuywa.
Yikuphi izinja ezisengcupheni
ERussia, i-catarrhal fever (i-febris catarrhalis infectiosai) ethathelanayo yaqala yazibika eCrimea (1762), yingakho yabizwa ngokuthi isifo seCrimea. Ngo-1905, isimo segciwane lesifo, sihambisana nomkhuhlane, ukulimala kwesimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko, i-pneumonia, i-catarrh yezinambuzane ezinamaqabunga nokuqhuma kwesikhumba, kwafakazelwa ngumcwaningi waseFrance uCarré.
Bobabili abadala nezinja ezincane bangatheleleka nge-distemper, kepha iminyaka eyingozi kakhulu isukela ezinyangeni ezimbili kuya kwezi-5... Imidlwane ezalwe ngokugoma noma egula ngokwemvelo enezinhlupho zesifo cishe ayisoze yagula. Imvamisa imidlwane eseminyakeni yokuncela nayo iyagula: ngaphandle uma kunesondlo / ukondla okungafanele. Ukuzivikela kweColostral kuvikela amazinyane cishe amasonto ambalwa ngemuva kokulunyulwa ebeleni likanina, bese kudingeka ukugoma.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ukutholakala kwegciwane kunqunywa ngohlobo. Izinhlobo ezingavuseleleki kakhulu zibandakanya izinhlobo ezifuywayo, kufaka phakathi izinja zokuhlobisa, iSouth Russian / German Shepherd, neSiberian Laika. Okuqiniswa kakhulu yiTerriers neBoxers.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuntuleka kwamavithamini, ukungena kwe-helminthic, ukudla okungafanele, ukungavocavoci umzimba, isimo sezulu esimanzi esibandayo nokuzalanisa okuhlobene nakho kunegciwane.
Ukumelana negciwane
Igciwane lesifo sezilwane ezidla inyama, njenge-paramyxovirus ejwayelekile, liqukethe i-ribonucleic acid futhi limelana nezici eziningi ze-physicochemical. Emazingeni okushisa we-subzero, iyakwazi ukugcina izakhiwo zayo ezinamandla iminyaka emi-5.
Ezingxenyeni zezilwane ezifile, igciwane liphila kuze kube sezinyangeni eziyisithupha, egazini - kuze kufike ezinyangeni ezintathu, emicwini yethumba - cishe izinyanga ezimbili. Izici eziningana zomzimba nezibulala-magciwane ezilula zibulala leli gciwane:
- imisebe yelanga nezisombululo ze-formalin / phenol (0.1-0.5%) - ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa;
- 2% isisombululo se-sodium hydroxide - ngemizuzu engama-60;
- i-ultraviolet irradiation noma isisombululo esingu-1% se-lysol - kungakapheli imizuzu engama-30;
- Ukushisa kufika ku-60 ° С - ngemizuzu engama-30.
Lapho ibilisiwe, igciwane lifa ngokushesha.
Imizila yokutheleleka
Isinqolobane segciwane lesifo se-canine yizilwane ezidla inyama zasendle nezilwane eziphambukayo, futhi umthombo we-pathogen uyagula futhi uyagula izinja, kanye nalabo abasesikhathini sokufukamela. Leli gciwane likhishwa emzimbeni lapho lithimula futhi likhwehlela (ngamathe nangokuphuma emakhaleni / emehlweni), indle, umchamo nezinhlayiya zesikhumba ezifile. Inja isebenza njengesithwali segciwane kuze kube izinyanga ezingama-2-3.
Okubalulekile! Leli gciwane lingena emzimbeni ngomgudu wokuphefumula (ngokwesibonelo, ngokuhogela) noma ngomgudu wokugaya ukudla. Esikhathini esingengakanani esidlule, indlela eqondile yokutheleleka nayo yafakazelwa, lapho igciwane le-distemper lidluliselwa enzalweni nge-placenta ye-bitch ethelelekile.
I-pathogen ihlala embhedeni wenja, izibopho, izinto zokunakekela, nasezingutsheni zomnikazi nezicathulo. Ngokuqala kokuzingelwa ngokocansi, ithuba lokubamba inja distemper lenyuka kakhulu. Ukuqubuka kwesifo se-carnivore okungenani ku-70-100%, kanti nezinga lokufa kwabantu (kuya ngesimo sesifo) lisuka ku-25-75%.
Izimpawu ze-distemper enjeni
Igciwane, lingena emzimbeni, liqala lifinyelele kuma-lymph node wesifunda, bese lingena egazini bese lidala umkhuhlane... Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-pathogen ingena ezithweni zangaphakathi futhi ngasikhathi sinye ithinte uhlelo oluphakathi lwezinzwa, okuholela ekuphazanyisweni okukhulu ekugayeni nasekuphefumuleni.
Isikhathi esifihlekile sesifo (kusuka ekuthelelekeni kuya ezimpawu zokuqala) sithatha izinsuku ezi-3 kuye kwezingu-21. Ngalesi sikhathi, inja ibukeka iphilile impela, kepha isivele iyakwazi ukuthelela ezinye izinja. Izimpawu ezihlehlisiwe zenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuxilonga nokunquma usuku lokutheleleka nge-distemper.
Izimpawu zokuqala zalesi sifo:
- ukudangala okuncane, ukukhathala nokukhathala;
- ububomvu bezinambuzane zamehlo, umlomo nekhala;
- ukuncipha kokudla;
- ukukhipha okucacile emakhaleni nasemehlweni;
- ukwenqaba ukudlala / ukuvivinya umzimba;
- uhudo oluncane nokuhlanza (kwesinye isikhathi).
- uboya obusikiwe.
Kwezinye izilwane, izimpawu azibonakalisi kangako, kwezinye zihluke kakhulu. Ekuqaleni, zonke izinja ezigulayo zinomkhuhlane (39.5-40), ohlala cishe izinsuku ezintathu.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-3, ezilwaneni ezinamandla kakhulu, izinga lokushisa lehlela kokujwayelekile, lesi sifo siyaphela bese kuqala ukululama. Ezinjeni ezibuthakathaka, izinga lokushisa liyaqhubeka nokukhuphuka ngemuva kwesizinda sokuwohloka okujwayelekile kwezempilo.
Ukulimala kwesistimu yezinzwa kungabonakala kokubili ekuphakameni kwesifo, nangamandla anamandla. Inhlupho ye-carnivores ivame ukuba ne-atypical noma i-abortive, futhi ibuye ibonakale ngenkambo e-acute, hyperacute, subacute noma engapheli.
Izinhlobo zesifo
Ubukhulu bezimpawu zomtholampilo bunquma isimo sesifo, esingaba novalo, amathumbu, amaphaphu, noma ukusika (okungajwayelekile). Ukuthuthuka kohlobo oluthile lwesifo kuxhomeke kubukhulu be-pathogen nasekusebenzeni kabusha komzimba we-canine. Uhlobo olulodwa lwesifo luphenduka kalula lube olunye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubonakaliswa kwesifo esidlayo ngesimo esixubekile akubekelwa eceleni.
Ifomu lePulmonary
Esikhathini esibucayi, lolu hlobo lwesifo luhlotshaniswa nokwanda kwezinga lokushisa (kufika kuma-39.5 degrees), elinganciphi izinsuku eziyi-10-15. Isikhumba sesibuko se-nasolabial siyoma, futhi imifantu ivela kuso (hhayi njalo).
Okubalulekile! Izinsuku eziyi-1-2 ngemuva kokugxuma kwezinga lokushisa, amehlo enja aqala ukuconsa kakhulu ngokwakhiwa kwe-serous-mucous, bese kukhishwa u-purulent: izinkophe zesilwane zinamathele ndawonye futhi amehlo avaleke.
I-Rhinitis iqala, lapho i-serous-purulent exudate igeleza ivela emigodini yamakhala, amakhala anamathelene, futhi kuqhamuke ama-crust esibukweni se-nasolabial. Ukuphefumula kuhambisana nokuzikhukhumeza bese kuvela ukukhwehlela, ekuqaleni komile, kodwa kube sekumanzi. Ngeviki lama-2-3, izinkinga ze-catarrhal zivame ukujoyinwa yizinzwa, eziba phambili.
Isimo samathumbu
Uma ukuhlaselwa okuyinhloko kwegciwane kuwela ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla, inja ilahlekelwa isifiso sayo sokudla, iba ne-pharyngitis / tonsillitis futhi ikhombise izimpawu ze-catarrh (kaningi kakhulu) yomgudu wamathumbu. Ukuvuvukala kweCatarrhal kolwelwesi lwamafinyila emathunjini kuboniswa ngohudo ngokukhishwa kuketshezi oluyisi (grey-yellow, bese lube nsundu) oluxubene ne-mucus negazi.
Ngendlela yamathumbu yalesi sifo, kuphawulwa izikhathi ezithile zokuhlanza nokuqukethwe komucu wombala ophuzi. Uma i-rectum ithintekile, lapho kwaqala khona ukuvuvukala kokopha, amabala anegazi atholakala endleni. Futhi, iphunga elinyanyekayo livela ezinjeni ezigulayo.
Ifomu lokwethuka
Ngokulimala kwesistimu yezinzwa, kubonakala injabulo yesikhashana kanye nolaka oluncane.
Uhlobo lwezinzwa lwesifo sezilwane ezidla inyama lubonakala ngezimpawu ezinjengalezi:
- ukubanjwa kwe-tonic / clonic komzimba wonke;
- amajaqamba wemisipha ngamanye, kufaka phakathi izitho nodonga lwesisu;
- ukudikiza kwemisipha yobuso;
- ukudidiyelwa kokuhamba kahle;
- ukuquleka kwesithuthwane, kuphenduka i-paresis / ukukhubazeka kwezitho, i-rectum, i-sphincter yesinye kanye ne-facial nerve.
Kwezinye izimo, ukuthuthuka okujwayelekile kulandelwa ukubuyela emuva, imvamisa ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-7-9... Ukukhula okunjalo okungazelelwe kuvame ukuphela ngokufa kwesilwane.
Ifomu elisikiwe
Ngaleli fomu lesifo, isifo i-exanthema siyakhula, noma nje ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, lapho amabala amancane abomvu enamacici ezindlebeni, emakhaleni, indawo ezungeze umlomo nethanga lenja (ngaphakathi nangaphandle). Amachashazi aguquka kancane kancane abe ama-vesicles acwebezelayo (ngokugcwaliswa okuphuzi okune-purulent / serous) asuka ngosayizi kusuka kusanhlamvu kuya kusenti. Lapho-ke amabhamuza aqhuma futhi ayoma, akhe ama-crust ansundu.
Okubalulekile! Isikhathi se-distemper ezinjeni sihluka kakhulu. Amacala amancane amane alulame kungakapheli isonto, amacala abucayi ahudula izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka.
Kwezinye izinja ezithintekile, i-hyperkeratosis iyenzeka, lapho kune-keratinization enzima ye-epidermis emaphethweni we-articular. Kwesinye isikhathi i-eczema ekhalayo ivela endaweni yomsele wokuhlola wangaphandle.
Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa
Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukukhipha izifo ezifana nezimpawu - isifo sika-Aujeszky, i-salmonellosis, amarabi, i-hepatitis esithathelwanayo kanye ne-pasteurellosis.
Okulandelayo, babheka izimpawu ezifana nalezi:
- ukulimala komgudu wokuphefumula;
- ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa kwamaza amabili;
- i-catarrh yolwelwesi lwamafinyila wamehlo / ekhaleni;
- ukulimala kwesimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko;
- isifo sohudo;
- i-hyperkeratosis yamaphakethe wezidladla;
- ubude besifo okungenani izinsuku ezingama-21.
Ezine zalezi zimpawu zanele ukuphakamisa inhlupho ye-carnivore enjeni. Esigabeni sokuqala, lezi zimpawu eziyisihlanu ezilandelayo zivame ukuvezwa: i-photophobia, izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile ngokwanda kwesifiso noma izinga lokushisa lika-39 ° C noma ngaphezulu ngokulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla, ukukhwehlela, izimpawu zokulimala kohlelo lwezinzwa. Ngezimpawu ezimbili kwezinhlanu ezishiwo, umuntu angasola lesi sifo, bese kuthi kathathu, kutholakale ukuthi unesifo yini.
Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa
Nge-distemper ezinjeni, ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi ngokuhlanganiswa kwezidakamizwa ezithile nezimpawu kuyakhonjiswa.
Izindlela ezithile ezisebenza kahle kakhulu ziyabonakala:
- i-avirocan (i-canine immunoglobulin elwa ne-hepatitis, isifo, i-parvovirus kanye ne-coronavirus enteritis);
- i-immunoglobulin emelene nenhlupho ye-carnivores ne-parvovirus enteritis;
- i-globulin elwa ne-enteritis, isifo kanye ne-hepatitis yezinto ezidla inyama.
I-serva e-polyvalent yokulwa nenhlupho, i-hepatitis yegciwane kanye ne-parvovirus enteritis izibonakalise zimbi kakhulu.... Kwama-immunostimulants, i-immunofan, i-kinoron, i-comedone, i-anandin, i-cycloferon, i-mixoferon ne-ribotan isetshenziswa kabanzi.
Okubalulekile! Ukuze ucindezele i-microflora yebhaktheriya (yesibili), kunqunywa izidakamizwa ezilwa namagciwane ezinesenzo eside. Inkambo yokwelashwa kwama-antibiotic kufanele igcwaliswe ngokusetshenziswa kwama-probiotic, njenge-bifidumbacterin, i-lactobacterin, i-enterobifidin, i-bactisubtil nabanye.
Izindlela zendabuko zokwelashwa
Abathandi bezinja abanolwazi, abathembele eminyakeni yabo eminingi yokuhlangenwe nakho, ababethembi ikakhulukazi odokotela bezilwane futhi kaningi bayenqaba ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa, bethembele kuzindlela ezilula. Enhliziyweni yazo zonke izidakamizwa, ngenxa yokuthi izinja zikhishwe ezweni elilandelayo, yiziphuzo ezinamandla zotshwala. Enye yezindlela zokupheka ezithandwa kakhulu ibukeka kanjena: kabili ngosuku, isilwane esigulayo sinikezwa uhhafu wengilazi yevodka exutshwe neqanda elilodwa eliluhlaza kanye nethisipuni loju. Isithako sokugcina asidingeki ngokuqinile. Le ngxube ifakwe ngomlomo emlonyeni wesirinji noma isirinji enkulu (ngaphandle kwenaliti).
Othile ulondoloze inja yakhe kwi-distemper ngendlela ebiza kakhulu, esebenzisa i-cognac enhle (ithisipuni izikhathi ezimbili ngosuku), abanye abanikazi bathola nge-moonshine eyenziwe ngokwabo (ingilazi ekuseni nakusihlwa), futhi othile wathengisa inja nge-banal iwayini eliqinile.
Esinye isiphuzo esiyisimangaliso esenziwe nge-vodka esibuyise inja empilweni esebenzayo: ama-clove amabili egalikhi egayiwe + iqanda elilodwa elenziwe ekhaya + i-vodka (100-120 g). Yonke into ishukunyiswa kahle futhi ithululwe kusuka kusipuni noma isirinji. Lona ngumthamo owodwa ophindaphindwa ekuseni nakusihlwa.
Kuyathakazelisa! Abanye odokotela bahlanganisa i-incongruous (utshwala nama-antibiotic), kepha izinja zakhishwa ezandleni zokufa. Iziguli zathola imijovo ye-penicillin futhi kabili ngosuku izingilazi ezingama-0.5 zikavodka ezinyakaziswa ngamaqanda ambalwa aluhlaza.
Umalusi omdala waseJalimane (one-distemper yamathumbu) uyelulama ewayinini elenziwe elenziwe ekhaya, njengoba ehlanza esitolo esithengiwe. Wanikezwa iwayini izinsuku ezimbili ncamashi, ethela izipuni ezi-2 ekuseni nakusihlwa, kwathi ngemuva kwamahora ayi-1-2 wanikezwa ithebhulethi elilodwa le-noshpa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umalusi wayehlale eniselwa ngamanzi (1 tbsp. Isipuni) usuku lonke.
Inja, ngokusho kuka-hostess, yavuka ngamandla ngosuku lwe-3, futhi yaqala ukudla isobho elincane loketshezi (noma kungenjalo ngokwalo, kepha ngesipuni). Izinsuku eziyi-7, inja eyelusayo yanikezwa iphilisi le-noshpa, futhi yayingadingi ama-antibiotic. Inja yayiphilile ngemuva kwesonto. Ukususa ubuthi obunqwabelene emzimbeni, ama-decoction we-St John's wort ne-chamomile azosiza. I-decoction ye-motherwort nayo inhle, ivimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwemiphumela emibi nokuthulisa uhlelo lwezinzwa.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
Ayikho enye indlela ethembekile yokuvikela inja kulesi sifo ngaphandle kokugoma ngesikhathi esifanele. Izinja zithola imigomo yokulwa nesifo esiwumshayabhuqe emasontweni ayi-12, ezinyangeni eziyisithupha nezingu-12, bese kuthi kanye ngonyaka kuze kube yiminyaka eyisithupha. Ukugoma ngakunye kwandulelwe inqubo yenambuzane. Ukuze uthole i-prophylaxis ethize, kuthathwa imithi yokugoma ye-monovalent ephilayo (VNIIVViM-88, EPM, 668-KF, vacchum) kanye neminye (multican, vanguard, hexadog, nobivak).
Kuzothakazelisa futhi:
- I-Otitis media enjeni
- I-Pyometra enjeni
- Isifo sokuwa ezinjeni
- Ukudumba kwenja
Futhi-ke, kuyadingeka ukuqinisa ukuzivikela kwesilwane, okungenakwenzeka ngaphandle kokuqina nokudla okunomsoco. Kubalulekile ukugcina inja ihlanzekile, okungenani ukugeza izingubo zayo nokugeza izidladla zayo ngemuva kokuhamba.
Imiphumela ye-distemper yenja
Iningi lezilwane ezinesifo isikhathi eside, kaningi kuze kube sekupheleni kwezimpilo zazo, zigcina iminonjana yomsebenzi owonakalisayo wegciwane emzimbeni. Kungaba:
- ukungaboni, ukuhogela nokuzwa;
- ukukhula komfundi nezibazi ku-cornea;
- i-paresis nokukhubazeka;
- ukudlikizela kwemisipha;
- ukuphuzi kwamazinyo.
Ezinye izilwane ezifuywayo ngezikhathi ezithile ziba nokuquleka kwesifo sokuwa, okuyisizathu saso futhi ukugula okudlulisiwe. Izinja ezitholakele zivame ukuhlakulela ukuzivikela impilo yonke, kepha ukuphinda utheleleke kusengenzeka.
Ingozi kubantu
Igciwane lesifo se-carnivore alithinti izinja kuphela, kodwa nezinye izidalwa ezihlala endle (izimpisi, ama-raccoon, izimpungushe) noma emapulazini anoboya (imink, amasables nabanye), kodwa hhayi abantu. Kuyena, umenzeli we-canine distemper akayona ingozi.
