Abaphethe izinkemba (Khirhorhorus) bangabameleli bezinhlanzi ezihlungiswe ngohlobo lwe-Ray zomndeni wakwaPeciliaceae (Poesiliidae) kanye ne-oda lezinhlanzi ezinamazinyo iCarprinodontiformes). Ezinye izinhlobo zezinkemba sezithole ukuthandwa kabanzi phakathi kwama-aquarists asekhaya nakwamanye amazwe.
Incazelo, ukubukeka
Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo ezingama-hybrid ezingaphezudlwana kwamashumi amabili ezaziwayo, ezihluke kakhulu ngombala womzimba nosayizi we-fin. Umzimba wezinhlanzi uminyene impela, uvulekile, uyisicaba ezinhlangothini zombili... Insikazi inkulu ngokuphawulekayo kunabesilisa, futhi iphakeme.
Ubude obujwayelekile bomzimba wonke wenhlanzi yesifazane esekhulile buyahlukahluka phakathi kuka-12-15 cm, kanti ubude bendoda bungaba ngamasentimitha ayi-8.5-12.0. ukuhlela, kanye nemivimbo embalwa efanayo ebomvu. Indawo yomlomo iguqulwe kancane futhi ikulungele kahle ukuthola ukudla ezingxenyeni ezingenhla zamanzi.
Kuyathakazelisa! Izinkemba ze-Aquarium nabantu abahlala ezimweni zemvelo banokuhluka okubonakalayo kombala wabo.
Isici sohlobo lohlobo oluthile ukuba khona kwengxenye ende futhi ebukhali, xiphoid engezansi yesiphetho se-caudal kowesilisa. Igama elingajwayelekile lalesi silwane lichazwa ngokunembile yilolu hlobo lwe-fin. Umbala wenhlanzi yemvelo ungamelwa ngophuzi, obomvu, oluhlaza okotshani noma owolintshi.
Kwabesifazane, umbala wamaphiko nomzimba, njengomthetho, ubukeka ubala futhi ungabonakali. Izinhlanzi ze-aquarium hybrid zinemibala egqamile, ngakho-ke, kumhlophe, kubomvu, ulamula kanye ne-orange, nsundu futhi kumnyama, kanye namathoni e-chintz. Ukuma kwamaphiko, okungagqokiswa, i-lyre-tailed nesikhafu, nakho kuyehluka ngokuhlukahluka.
Indawo yokuhlala
Abasiki bezinkemba bayizinhlanzi ezidabuka eMelika Ephakathi, lapho abamele lezi zilwane batholakala emfuleni nasemanzini echibini laseMexico, eGoduras naseGuatemala. Abasiki bezinkemba bakhona nasemanzini amile futhi asebenzayo, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ngisho nasemadamini angajulile kakhulu noma ezakhiweni ze-hydraulic ezenziwe ngobuciko.
Cishe ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye, inhlanzi ekhanyayo nengavamile yethulwa eYurophu, lapho yasheshe yaduma kakhulu njengesilwane sasolwandle. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, abaphethe inkemba bafika eRussia. Namuhla, abamele lezi zinhlobo bazimise ngokuqinile njengenye yezinhlanzi zasemanzini ezaziwa kakhulu futhi ezaziwayo.
Ukugcina Abaphethe Izinkemba
Abasiki bezinkemba abanesizotha maqondana nokugcina izinhlanzi zasemanzini, ezilungele abaqalayo noma ama-aquarists angenalwazi.... Noma kunjalo, umuntu kufanele acabangele ngokucophelela ukukhethwa nokulungiswa kwe-aquarium, acabangele ukuhambisana nezinye izinhlobo nokuziphatha kwabasiki bezinkemba, futhi akhethe nokudla okulungile.
Izinga lokushisa lamanzi ku-aquarium kufanele libe yi-22-26 ° C ngokuhla okuvumelekile kuye ku-15 ° C. Ubulukhuni bamanzi obukhulu buphakathi kuka-8-25 ° dH nge-asidi ku-7-8 pH.
Ukulungiswa kwe-Aquarium, ivolumu
Abaphethe izinkemba bangabesigaba senhlanzi enkulu ngokwanele, ngakho-ke ubukhulu obuncane be-aquarium kufanele bube amalitha angama-50. Kulokhu, i-aquarium yokugcina abantu abaphethe izinkemba kumele ibe banzi ngokwanele. Abaphethe izinkemba, njengomthetho, abadingi ukudala izimo ezikhethekile, kepha ukuhambisana nemingcele yamanzi efanelekile kuyisiqinisekiso esikhulu senhlalakahle yezilwane ezifuywayo.
Kuyathakazelisa! I-aquarium enabantu abaphethe izinkemba kumele imbozwe ngesembozo, ngenxa yobunono nokusebenza ngokweqile kwezinhlanzi ezingagxumela ngaphandle.
Abasiki bezinkemba badinga ukuphoqelelwa okuphoqelekile kanye nokuhlungwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu yamanzi, futhi ukusetshenziswa koshintsho olwenziwa njalo ngesonto cishe ikota yevolumu kukuvumela ukuthi uthole izimo ezifanele zenhlanzi enjalo. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi abaphethe izinkemba abadingi inani elikhulu lomoya-mpilo, ngakho-ke, ukushintshwa kwamanzi kaningi akudingekile.
Izinhlanzi zizizwa zikhululekile lapho kunezimila eziphilayo e-aquarium, ezimelwe yiVallisneria, i-Echinodorus, i-Cryptocoryna, iRiccia neDuckweed, ezilingisa kalula indawo yazo yemvelo. Akudingekile neze ukuhlomisa izindawo zokuhlala zabantu abaphethe izinkemba, ngakho-ke kungakuhle ukuthi unikeze izinhlanzi isikhala esikhululekile sokubhukuda.
Ukuhambisana, isimilo
Abasiki bezinkemba baphakathi kwezinhlanzi zasolwandle ezinokuthula nezinokuthula, kepha ochwepheshe abeluleki ngokuxazulula abameleli balezi zinhlobo ezinamasampula amancane kakhulu. Izakhamizi ezincane kakhulu ze-aquarium zivame ukwephulwa yilezi zinhlobo. Nabomakhelwane abalinganayo nokuziphatha okufanayo noma ubumnene, amadoda e-aquarium ezinkemba, njengomthetho, awangeni ezingxabanweni.
Kumele futhi kukhunjulwe ukuthi ezinhlanzini ze-aquarium, ezinesimo sokuncika futhi ezihola impilo yokuphila ngokweqile, yobuvila, izinkemba zabantu abadala zingase zibhebhe amaphiko. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, abesilisa balolu hlobo bahlukaniswa ukungabekezelelani ngokungabikho kwabanye abamele izinhlanzi, kubandakanya nabesifazane. Abasiki bezinkemba bayakwazi ukuzwana nezivumelwano, ama-guppies nama-mollies, kepha azikwazi ukugcwala ezindaweni zasemanzini zihlangene nama-cichlids aseNingizimu Melika nase-Afrika, izinkanyezi kanye nama-acars. Abaphethe izinkemba kunzima ukusebenzisana nanoma yibaphi abamele umndeni we-carp, kufaka phakathi i-koi carp, i-goldfish ne-zebrafish encane.
Kuyathakazelisa! Emanzini amaningi asekhaya, izinkemba eziningi zingahlangana ngokuthula, ngezinga labesifazane ababili noma abathathu abavuthiwe ngokocansi kowesilisa ngamunye omdala.
Izidumbu eziningi, kanye ne-goldfish, ziyizilwane ezidla ezinye, ngakho-ke zikwazi kalula ukubhubhisa ngisho nomuntu omdala futhi omkhulu kakhulu. Futhi akunconywa ngokweqile ukufaka ama-barbs, ama-shrimps neminenke, ama-crustaceans amancane kakhulu ezinkemba.
Abasiki bezinkemba kanye nemidlwane, ezizala gazinga ngendlela eviviparous, banesimo esifanayo nokufana ngesitayela sokuziphatha. Kulokhu, inani lokufa e-aquarium eyabiwe lincishiswe ngokuphawulekayo.
Ukudla, ukudla
Abasiki bezinkemba abathobeki ngokuphelele ngokuya ngokudla.... Izinhlanzi ezinjalo ze-aquarium zingezesigaba sama-omnivore futhi zithambekele ekudleni ngokweqile, ngakho-ke zivame ukudla okomisiwe okomisiwe nokunye ukudla okwenziwe ngomumo, okumelwe ama-granules, ama-flakes namachips, kanye nokudla okubukhoma nokubandayo ngendlela yama-bloodworms, i-brine shrimp ne-daphnia, ngenjabulo enkulu. Ukudla kuqoqwa yizinhlanzi kunoma iziphi izingqimba zamanzi e-aquarium, kanye nokuhlala ngaphezulu noma ukuwela phansi.
Ukudla kwezinkemba zabantu abadala kufanele kufake phakathi ukudla kwezitshalo, okungaba ngesimo sama-flakes noma ama-granules ane-spirulina noma amaphilisi akhethekile e-algal. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ulwelwe oluvela ezindongeni ze-aquarium, izitshalo zokuhlobisa nokuhlobisa kudliwa kalula izinhlanzi zalolu hlobo. Ukudla kwezinkemba zasolwandle kufanele kulinganiswe futhi kuhluke.
Okubalulekile! Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi uma uthenga noma yikuphi ukudla okomile kwezinhlanzi, udinga ukunaka ngokukhethekile usuku lokwenziwa noshalofu, ngakho-ke akufanelekile ukuthenga okuphakelayo.
Ukudla okuthandwa kakhulu nokuthandwa kakhulu kwezinhlanzi zasemanzini zalolu hlobo kwethulwe izabelo ezomisiwe ezenziwe ngomumo. Okuphakelayo okukhiqizwa yinkampani yeTetra kulungile. Izabelo ezinjalo zimelwe ngukudla ngakunye kwezinhlobo ezithile zezinhlanzi, kanye nokudla okukhethekile okukhulisa umbala. Ngokukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe izabelo eziqinisiwe zokondla gazinga.
Ukuzala nenzalo
Ukuzalela izinkemba kulula. Izinhlanzi ezinjalo zifinyelela ekuvuthweni ngokocansi lapho zinezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala. Ukufakwa komanyolo kwenziwa ngaphakathi kowesifazane, futhi gazinga lizalwa cishe inyanga nohhafu.
Okubalulekile! Ezimeni zokudla okunomsoco nokushisa kwamanzi ezingeni lama-26-27 ° C, izinkemba zabesifazane ziyakwazi ukubeletha cishe njalo ngenyanga.
Izifo zokuzala
I-Swordfish iyizinhlanzi ezimelana kakhulu ne-aquarium, ezikwazi ukubekezelela izimo ezinzima ngisho kalula, kepha ukhiye wokugcinwa kwazo ngempumelelo ukuqinisekisa izimo ezifanele, amanzi aphezulu e-aquarium nokudla okwamukelekayo.
Abasiki bezinkemba bachayeke kakhulu ezifweni ezijwayelekile zezinhlanzi zasemanzini, futhi akukho ma-nuances nokuhlukile ekwelashweni kwabo. Impilo yezinkemba zasekhaya, ngokusho kwamazinga we-aquarium asemukelwa kakhulu, ingeyesigaba sobude obuphakathi nendawo, ngakho-ke, ngokwakhiwa kwezimo ezinhle zokugcina, izinhlanzi ezinjalo zingaphila iminyaka emihlanu.
Ukubuyekezwa komnikazi
Abaphathi bezinkemba be-Aquarium bahamba kakhulu futhi bayadlala, abanesizotha ngokuphelele futhi bayabajabulisa abanikazi bezilwane ezinjalo ezinemibala ehlukahlukene emangalisayo... Izinhlanzi ezinjalo kulula ukuzalanisa, azidingi ukunakwa okukhethekile noma okwengeziwe kubo, futhi izindleko zezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ezinhlobonhlobo zombala ziyabiza kakhulu.
Kuyathakazelisa!Izinkemba zabesifazane ziyakwazi ukuguqula ubulili bazo lapho kungekho abesilisa, futhi isici esinjalo asitholakali kwabesilisa.
Ngokusho kwama-aquarists, ikhono labasiki bezinkemba lokuhlala nezinye izinhlobo eziningi ngaphakathi kwe-aquarium efanayo nokukhiqiza ngokuzimisela unyaka wonke kuyizinzuzo ezenza labo bameleli bohlobo lwe-Ray-finned fish bathandwe ngendlela emangalisayo.
