Ama-alligator (Аlligator) ayizinhlobo ezimelwe yizinhlobo ezimbili zesimanje: i-American, noma i-Mississippian, i-alligator (i-Аlligator mississiрriensis) ne-Chinese alligator (i-Аlligator sinensis), engaphansi kwe-oda Izingwenya nomndeni we-Alligator.
Incazelo ye-Alligator
Zonke izinhlobo zama-alligator anamuhla, kanye nezihlobo zazo eziseduze kakhulu izingwenya kanye nama-caimans, afana kakhulu nezibankwa ezinkulu ngokubukeka.
Ukubukeka
Ubude besirhubuluzi esikhulu singamamitha amathathu noma ngaphezulu, kanti isisindo somuntu omdala singaba ngamakhilogremu angamakhulu amaningana.... Ngaphandle kobukhulu obumangazayo, labo bameleli be-oda Izingwenya nomndeni we-Alligator bazizwa bekhulu hhayi kuphela endaweni yasemanzini, kepha nasemhlabeni. Isici somzingeli onxanelwe igazi, esondla kuphela ngokudla kwezilwane, yikhono lokucishe libhekane ngokushesha nezilwane ezinkulu hhayi nje kuphela, kodwa futhi nabantu.
Ingaphezulu lomzimba we-alligator limbozwe ngamapuleti wokuvikelwa wohlobo lwamathambo aminyene. Emilenzeni yangaphambili efinyeziwe kunezinzwani ezinhlanu, kanti emilenzeni yangemuva kunezinzwane ezine. Ama-alligator anomlomo omkhulu futhi onamandla kakhulu, oqukethe amazinyo angama-74-84. Amazinyo alahlekile akwazi ukubuyela emuva ngemuva kwesikhashana.
Umbala we-alligator umnyama, kepha kuncike ngqo kuzimpawu zombala wendawo. Uma inani elikhulu lezimila ngesimo se-algae likhona emanzini echibi, isirhubuluzi sithola umbala ohlaza okotshani. Inani elandisiwe le-tannic acid liyisici samachibi ahlukene, ngakho-ke isilwane sinombala onsundu okhanyayo, ocishe ube ukhilimu. Emanzini amnyama, ama-alligator ansundu, acishe abe mnyama.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ama-alligator, kungakhathalekile ukuthi zinjani izinhlobo zezinhlobo zezinhlobo zawo, angababhukudi abahle kakhulu, kodwa noma engena ezweni, izilwane ezinwabuzelayo ezinjalo ziyakwazi ukwenza isivinini esikahle, esifinyelela kumakhilomitha ayi-15-20 ngehora.
Abamele i-oda Izingwenya nomndeni we-Alligator banamehlo amancane, aluhlaza okwephuzi onabafundi abame mpo. Ngenxa yobukhona bezivikelo zamathambo ezivikelayo, iso lesirhubuluzi linobukhazikhazi bensimbi. Ngokuqala kobusuku, amehlo omuntu omkhulu akhazimula ngombala obomvu, futhi amancane kunawo wonke - aluhlaza. Ukuvimbela ukuphefumula kwamaphaphu ekuminzeni emanzini, amakhala ayo embozwe amafolda esikhumba esikhethekile.
Ithuluzi elibalulekile le-alligator yabantu abadala limelelwa umsila omkhulu futhi oguquguqukayo, onamandla kakhulu, ubude bawo obucishe bube ½ besayizi yomzimba ophelele. Isigaba somsila siyinsimbi esebenza ngezindlela eziningi, isikhali esinamandla kanye nomsizi ongenakubuyiselwa endaweni yokuhamba ngomkhumbi. Kungumsila lapho ama-alligator ahlomisa khona izidleke ezinethezekile futhi ezinokwethenjelwa kakhulu. Ebusika, isigaba somsila sisetshenziselwa ukugcina izinqolobane zamafutha ebusika.
Uhlamvu nendlela yokuphila
Ama-alligator avame ukubizwa njengezilwane ezihuquzelayo zenhlalo, ezibekezelela izihlobo zawo. Kodwa-ke, abamele i-oda Izingwenya nomndeni we-Alligator babonakala ngokuba khona kohlobo lwendawo ethile yonyaka. Ngokuqala kwesigaba sokukhiqiza okusebenzayo, izilwane ezinjalo zihlala zinamathela endaweni yazo encane, eqinile ngazodwana, evikelwe ngokunamandla ekungeneleleni kwamanye amadoda.
Izinsikazi nezinsizwa zama-alligator, kungakhathaliseki isizini, zihlala ndawonye, ngaphandle kokubanga ukuphazamiseka komunye nomunye... Umsebenzi omkhulu kunayo yonke uboniswa ama-alligator ngezinsuku zasehlobo, futhi lapho kuqala ukubanda okubandayo, izilwane ezihuquzelayo ziqala ukulungiselela izindawo zobusika. Ngale njongo, ogwini, izilwane zidwengulwa izimbobo ezanele ezijule ngokwanele.
Kuyathakazelisa! Esikhathini sasebusika, izilwane zalolu hlobo azondli, ngakho-ke, kancane kancane zisebenzisa imali enqwabelene eqoqwe ngesikhathi sasehlobo emsileni.
Indawo yokukhosela ingangcwatshwa cishe imitha elilodwa nengxenye futhi inobude obufinyelela kumamitha ayishumi, okuvumela abantu abaningana ukuba bahlale kalula emgodini owodwa ngasikhathi sinye. Amanye amalungu omndeni we-Alligator, lapho kuqala ubusika, angena odakeni, bese kusele amakhala kuphela ebusweni, ahlinzeka umoya-mpilo emaphashini esilwane.
Ama-alligator ahlala isikhathi esingakanani
Isikhathi sokuphila sama-alligator yiminyaka engama-30-35, kepha, ngokusho kochwepheshe, uma kunezimo ezikahle, izilwane ezihuquzelayo zingaphila isikhathi eside kakhulu - kuze kube isigamu sekhulu leminyaka. Emapaki amaningi ezilwane, isikhathi eside sabamele uhlelo lweNgwenya kuvame ukurekhodwa. Isibonelo, isikhathi sokuphila se-alligator yeNayile esigcinwe e-zoo yase-Australia sasiyiminyaka engamashumi ayisithupha nesithupha.
Indawo yokuhlala
I-alligator yaseChina (Аlligator sinensis) ihlala engxenyeni esempumalanga ye-Asia, kanye nomfula iYangtze River eChina. Izilwane ezinwabuzelayo ezihlala ezindaweni ezishisayo nezishubisayo zithanda imizimba yamanzi emisha kuphela.
Kuyathakazelisa! Lapho insimu eyakhiwe yomile, i-alligator iyathuthela kwenye indawo, futhi ichibi lokubhukuda lingasebenza njengendawo yokukhosela isilwane.
Ama-alligator aseMelika noma okuthiwa yiMississippi ahlala ogwini olusempumalanga yeMelika, ukusuka eTexas kuya eNyakatho Carolina. Inani elibalulekile lalezi zinhlobo liyabonakala eFlorida naseLouisiana - abantu abangaphezu kwesigidi. Njengendawo yokuhlala, izilwane ezihuquzelayo zikhetha imizimba yamanzi angenasawoti, kufaka phakathi imifula namachibi, amachibi kanye namaxhaphozi anamanzi amile.
Ukudla kwe-Alligator
Abamele i-oda Izingwenya nomndeni we-Alligator basebenzisa cishe noma yisiphi isisulu sokudla... Ukudla kwabantu abancane kunabo bonke kuqukethe izinhlanzi nama-crustaceans, kanye neminenke nezinambuzane ezahlukahlukene.
Njengoba zikhula, ingwenya yaseMelika iyakwazi ukuzingela izinhlanzi ezinkulu nezimfudu, ezinye izilwane ezincelisayo, izilwane ezihuquzelayo nezinyoni. Ama-alligator aseChina, amancane ngosayizi, adla kuphela ezilwaneni ezincane kakhulu. I-alligator elambile kakhulu ingasebenzisa kahle izidumbu ezahlukahlukene ekudleni.
Okubalulekile! Ukuhlaselwa kwe-Alligator kubantu akuvamile. Esikhathini esiningi, umuntu uqobo uvusa isilwane esinwabuzelayo esinjalo ukuba sibe nolaka oluphoqelelwe, futhi izingulube zaseChina zibhekwa njengokufanele ukuzola okukhulu maqondana nabantu.
Izilwane ezikudlayo zikhetha ukuthola ukudla kwazo kuphela kusihlwa. Njengoba ukubonwa okuningi kubonisa, izinyamazane nezingulube zasendle, ama-cougars nama-manatee, amahhashi nezinkomo, kanye namabhere amnyama, angahle abe yizisulu ze-alligator yabantu abadala nabakhulu. Ngokuvamile, izilwane ezihuquzelayo zigwinya isisulu sazo cishe ngokushesha, ngemuva kokuchoboza isilwane ngemihlathi enamandla futhi eqinile. Izisulu ezinkulu zihudulwa ngaphansi kwamanzi bese zidwengulwa zibe yizicucu eziningana ezimbalwa.
Ukuzala nenzalo
Ukuvuthwa ngokocansi kwesirhubuluzi kunqunywa ubukhulu baso. Izinhlobo zase-alligator zaseMelika zikulungele ukuzala uma zingamamitha ayi-1.8 noma ngaphezulu ngobude. I-alligator endala yaseChina inomzimba omncane, ngakho-ke iqala ukuzala ngobude bemitha elilodwa noma ngaphezulu. Ukuqala kwenkathi yokukhwelana kwama-alligator entwasahlobo kuhambisana nokufudumala kwamanzi emadamini kuya emazingeni entofontofo. Ngalesi sikhathi, abesifazane baqala ukwakha izidleke zotshani, lapho kubekwa khona amaqanda angaba ngu-20-70. I-clutch esidlekeni ivikelwe ngokucophelela insikazi ekuhlaselweni yizilwane ezizingelayo.
Njengomthetho, i-clutch itholakala eduze komgodi, ngakho-ke insikazi iyakwazi ukuqapha isimo sayo kuso sonke isikhathi sokufukamela. Izingane ziyaqhekeka ekuqaleni kwekwindla, futhi lapho nje owesifazane ezwa ukukhala kwamazinyane akhe, ususa masinyane ungqimba olungaphezulu, ngemuva kwalokho athathe inzalo ayise emanzini.
Ukusiza ingane ukuthi izalwe, insikazi icindezela kancane kugobolondo noma igingqika kancane iqanda ebusweni bomhlaba. Sonke isikhathi sasebusika sokuqala, abesifazane bahlala nezinkukhu zabo. Ama-alligator amancane azimela kaningi kuphela eneminyaka eyodwa.
Izitha zemvelo
Ama-alligator angaba yisisulu sabaphehli baseFlorida noma ama-cougars, kanye namabhere amakhulu, akwazi ukuzingela ngempumelelo enkulu ngisho nabamele abakhulu bohlelo lweNgwenya. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ubuzimuzimu buthathwa njengokujwayelekile phakathi kwezinhlobo ze-alligator, ezaziwa kakhulu ezimeni zabantu abaningi ngokweqile endaweni ethile.
Umehluko engwenyeni
Okuyisisekelo kakhulu, okubaluleke kakhulu ekwehlukanisweni kwabamele i-oda Izingwenya, umehluko phakathi kwezingwenya nezingwenya ngamazinyo... Ngomhlathi wengwenya ovaliwe, izinyo elikhulu lesine lingabonakala emihlathini engezansi, kuyilapho kuzo zonke izinhlobo zama-alligator, amazinyo anjalo wesine embozwe ngokuphelele umhlathi ongaphezulu. Imilenze yangemuva ye-alligator inesigamu kuphela esifakelwe ulwelwesi olukhethekile lokubhukuda.
Kuyathakazelisa! I-alligator enkulu kunazo zonke ebhaliswe ngokusemthethweni yayingumuntu esifundazweni saseLouisana. Ubude balesi silwane cishe babungamamitha ayisithupha, futhi isisindo saso sasingaphansi kancane kwethani, ngakho-ke kwakudingeka ukusebenzisa i-crane ukuphakamisa isilwane esihuquzelayo.
Akukhombisi kangako ukwehluka kwesimo sesifonyo sezilwane ezihuquzelayo: izingwenya zangempela zinomlomo obukhali omise njengo-V, kuyilapho kuma-alligator zihlala zimise okwe-U futhi zibuthuntu. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, isifonyo esibanzi impela sigcwaliseka ngokuma kwamehlo, kanti izingwenya nazo zinezindlala zikasawoti ezikhethekile ezisolimini lwesilwane. Ngalesi sitho, usawoti oweqile ususwa kalula emzimbeni wezilwane ezihuquzelayo.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
I-alligator yaseChina okwamanje iyinhlobo engavamile kakhulu, futhi ezimweni zemvelo akukho bantu abangaphezu kwamakhulu amabili balesi silwane. Ukuze kugcinwe futhi kubuyiswe izinombolo, abantu abadala bayabanjwa bese befakwa ezindaweni ezivikeleke ngokukhethekile.
Ama-alligator aphumelela kakhulu ekugcineni nasekuzalelaneni ekuthunjweni.... Kuze kube manje, kudalwe inani elikhulu lamapulazi abandakanyeka ekuzaleni ama-alligator. Amapulazi amakhulu kunawo wonke aseFlorida naseLouisiana, Thailand, Australia naseChina. Muva nje, amabhizinisi anjalo angajwayelekile abuye avela kwezinye izifunda zezwe lethu.
