I-Kangaroo (lat. Ngomqondo obanzi, leli gama lisho noma ngubani omele umndeni wakwaKangaroo. Incazelo emincane yaleli gama isebenza kubamele abakhulu bomndeni, ngakho-ke izilwane ezincane kunazo zonke zibizwa nge-wallaby ne-wallaru.
Incazelo ye-kangaroo
Igama elithi "kangaroo" livela kumagama athi "kanguroo" noma "gаngurru"... Yilokhu abomdabu base-Australia, ababekhuluma ulimi lwesiGuuku Yimithir, ababiza lesi silwane ngesakhiwo somzimba esithandekayo. Njengamanje, i-kangaroo iwuphawu olungekho emthethweni lwase-Australia, olukhonjiswe kuphawu lwesizwe.
Ukubukeka
Ngokuya ngezimpawu zezinhlobo, ubude bomzimba wabamele umndeni wakwaKangaroo bungahlukahluka ngobubanzi - kusuka kwikota kuya kwimitha nohhafu, kanti isisindo singu-18-100 kg. Isilwane esikhulu kunazo zonke njengamanje se-marsupial salolu hlobo simelelwa yisakhamuzi esasakazeke kakhulu ezwenikazi lase-Australia - i-kangaroo enkulu ebomvu, futhi isisindo esikhulu kunazo zonke yisici se-kangaroo empunga empumalanga. Uboya balesi silwane se-marsupial bukhulu futhi buthambile, bumnyama, bumpunga futhi bubomvu, noma buvezwe ngemithunzi yazo.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ngenxa yesakhiwo esikhethekile somzimba, isilwane sikwazi ukuzivikela ngempumelelo ngokushaya okunamandla ngemilenze yaso yangemuva, futhi sihambe ngokushesha sisebenzisa umsila omude njengephini lokuqondisa.
I-kangaroo inomzimba ongakhuli kahle, futhi inekhanda elincane. Umlomo wesilwane ungaba mude noma ube mfushane. Futhi, izici zesakhiwo zifaka amahlombe amancane, izidladla zangaphambili ezimfushane nezibuthakathaka, ezingenazo nhlobo izinwele, futhi zineminwe emihlanu enezinzipho ezibukhali nezinde kakhulu. Iminwe ibonakala ngokuhamba okuhle, ngakho-ke isetshenziswa yizilwane ukubamba izinto nokukama uboya, kanye nokondla.
Umzimba ongezansi wekhangaru ukhule kahle kakhulu futhi umelwe yimilenze yangemuva enamandla kakhulu, umsila omude ojiyile, okhalweni oluqinile nemilenze yemisipha enezinzwane ezine. Ukuxhuma kweminwe yesibili neyesithathu kwenziwa ulwelwesi olukhethekile, kanti umunwe wesine ufakwe uzipho oluqinile.
Indlela yokuphila nokuziphatha
Isilwane se-marsupial sithanda impilo yasebusuku, ngakho-ke, lapho kuqala ukuhwalala, siya emadlelweni. Ngesikhathi sasemini, i-kangaroo ihlala emthunzini ngaphansi kwezihlahla, emigodini ekhethekile noma izidleke zotshani. Lapho kuvela ingozi, ama-marsupials adlulisela amasignali e-alamu kwamanye amalungu epakethe ngosizo lweziteleka ezinamandla zemilenze yabo yangemuva ebusweni bomhlaba. Ngenhloso yokudlulisa imininingwane, imisindo nayo isetshenziswa kaningi, emelwe ukububula, ukuthimula, ukuchofoza kanye nokuhaya.
Kuyathakazelisa! Kuma-marsupials, kuyisici sokunamathela ngokuqinile endaweni ethile, ngakho-ke bakhetha ukungayishiyi ngaphandle kwesizathu esithile. Okuhlukile ngama-kangaroo amakhulu abomvu, anqoba kalula amashumi amakhilomitha efuna izindawo ezinenzuzo yokudla.
Ezindaweni ezinezimo zokuphila ezinhle, kufaka phakathi indawo enhle yokudla kanye nokungabikho kobungozi, ama-marsupials akwazi ukwakha imiphakathi eminingi, enabantu abacishe babe yikhulu. Kodwa-ke, njengomthetho, labo bameleli bohlelo lwezilwane ezincelisayo ezingama-marsupial ezimbili-incisor bahlala emihlambini emincane kakhulu, equkethe owesilisa, kanye nabesifazane abambalwa nama-kangaroo. Iduna linomhawu omkhulu wokuvikela umhlambi ekungeneleleni kwanoma iyiphi enye indoda endala, okuholele ekulweni okunamandla ngokumangalisayo.
Mangaki ama-kangaroo ahlala khona
Isikhathi sokuphila se-kangaroo sincike ngqo ezinhlotsheni zezinhlobo zesilwane esinjalo, kanye nezimo zemvelo endalweni noma ekuthunjweni. Izinhlobo eziphila isikhathi eside yiKangaroo enekhanda elibomvu (Macrorus rufus)... Abamele abanjalo abakhaliphile bohlelo lwe-marsupial ezincelisayo ezimbili zingaphila ikota yekhulu leminyaka.
Uhlobo lwesibili ngokwesilinganiso sobude besikhathi sokuphila yiGrey Eastern Kangaroo (Macrorus gigantéus), ehlala ekuthunjweni cishe iminyaka engamashumi amabili, nasendle cishe iminyaka eyi-8-12. I-Western Grey Kangaroos (Macrorus fuliginosus) inempilo efanayo.
Izinhlobo zeKangaroo
Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kweshumi nanhlanu zomndeni wama-kangaroo, kepha okwamanje, izinhlobo kuphela ezinkulu nezinkulu ngosayizi ezibhekwa njengama-kangaroo angempela.
Izinhlobo ezidume kakhulu zilethwa:
- I-kangaroo enkulu ye-ginger (Macrorus rufus) - omele isikhathi eside kakhulu wama-marsupials ngosayizi. Ubude bomzimba womuntu omdala bungamamitha amabili, futhi umsila ungaphezulu kancane kwemitha elilodwa. Isisindo somzimba wesilisa sifinyelela ku-80-85 kg, kanti kowesifazane - 33-35 kg;
- I-kangaroo empunga yehlathi - ummeleli onzima kakhulu wezilwane ze-marsupial. Isisindo esiphezulu sifinyelela kumakhilogremu ayikhulu ngokwanda kwe-rack - 170 cm;
- Intaba kangaroo (wallaru) - isilwane esikhulu esakhiwe ngesigaxa esinamahlombe abanzi nemilenze yangemuva emifushane. Endaweni yekhala, azikho izinwele, futhi amathe wezidladla anokhahlo, okusiza kakhulu ukuhamba ezindaweni ezinezintaba;
- Ama-kangaroo ase-arboreal - njengamanje yibo kuphela abamele umndeni wakwaKangaroo abahlala ezihlahleni. Ubude bomzimba besilwane esinjalo bungaphezulu kancane kwesigamu semitha. Isici esithile ubukhona bezinzipho eziqina kakhulu ezinqeni zayo noboya obukhulu obinsundu, obungasizi nje kuphela ukukhuphuka kwezihlahla, kepha futhi kufihla nesilwane emaqabungeni.
Kuyathakazelisa! Abamele zonke izinhlobo zama-kangaroo banokuzwa okuhle, futhi "bathatha phezulu" njengezindlebe zekati, bayakwazi ukuthatha imisindo ethule kakhulu. Yize iqiniso lokuthi ama-marsupials angakwazi ngokuphelele ukwenza isipele, angabhukudi abahle kakhulu.
Izinhlobo ezincane kakhulu zama-kangaroo yi-wallaby. Ubude obukhulu bomuntu omdala, njengomthetho, abudluli isigamu semitha, kanti isisindo esincane se-wallaby yesifazane yikhilogremu elilodwa kuphela. Ngokubukeka, izilwane ezinjalo zifana negundane elijwayelekile, elinomsila ongenaboya futhi omude.
Indawo yokuhlala
Indawo eyinhloko yama-kangaroo imelwe yinsimu yase-Australia neTasmania, iNew Guinea kanye neqoqo leziqhingi zaseBismarck. AmaMarsupial nawo afakwa eNew Zealand. Ama-kangaroo avame ukuhlala eduze nemizi yabantu. Ama-marsupials anjalo atholakala kalula emaphethelweni amadolobha amakhulu kakhulu futhi anabantu abaningi, kanye namapulazi aseduze.
Ukubheka kukhombisa ukuthi ingxenye ebalulekile yalolu hlobo yizilwane zasemhlabeni ezihlala ezindaweni ezisicaba, ezigcwele utshani obukhulu nezihlahlana. Onke ama-kangaroo ezihlahla aguqulelwe kahle ekuhambeni ezihlahleni, kanti ama-wallabies asezintabeni (Petrogale) ahlala ngqo ezindaweni ezinamadwala.
Ukudla kwe-Kangaroo
Ama-kangaroo adla kakhulu ekudleni kwezitshalo. Ukudla kwabo kwansuku zonke kufaka phakathi izitshalo ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi utshani, i-clover ne-alfalfa, imidumba yezimbali, i-eucalyptus kanye namahlamvu e-acacia, i-liana kanye ne-ferns. AmaMarsupial nawo adla izimpande nezilimo eziyizigaxa zezitshalo, izithelo namajikijolo. Kwezinye izinhlobo zezilwane, kujwayelekile ukudla izikelemu noma izinambuzane.
Ososayensi baye baphawula ukuthi ama-kangaroo amaduna amadala adla cishe ihora elilodwa kunezinsikazi.... Noma kunjalo, kungukudla kwabesifazane okuvezwa ukudla okune-protein ephezulu kakhulu, okunomphumela omuhle kuzimpawu zekhwalithi yobisi olukhiqizelwa ukondla abasha.
Kuyathakazelisa! IMarsupials inamasu, ngakho-ke bayakwazi ukuzivumelanisa kahle kakhulu nezimo eziningi zangaphandle ezingathandeki, kufaka phakathi ukungabi nokudla okujwayelekile. Kulokhu, izilwane zingashintshela kalula kwezinye izinhlobo zokudla, kufaka phakathi izitshalo ezingasetshenziswanga ukudla ngisho nangabamele bezilwane abangakhethi nabangathobekile.
Izitha zemvelo
Ezimweni zemvelo, ama-kangaroo amadala adla kanye ngosuku, ngezikhathi zantambama, ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokushona kwelanga, okunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokuhlangana okungazelelwe nezitha eziningi zemvelo. Inani le-marsupial lilinyazwa yizinja zasendle ze-dingo, kanye nezimpungushe nezinye izinyoni ezinkulu ezidlayo.
I-Kangaroo nendoda
AmaKangaroo ngokuvamile abekwa abezindaba njengophawu olunobungane lwase-Australia, kodwa ama-marsupials anjalo angadala ingozi kubantu. Vele, ingozi yokuhlaselwa yikhangaru enkulu ebantwini iphansi kakhulu, futhi, njengoba umkhuba ukhombisa, zimbalwa kakhulu iziguli ezilimele ngenxa yokushayisana nekhangaru zivakashela odokotela minyaka yonke.
Ukuhlaselwa kwenzeka ezimweni ezilandelayo:
- inani labantu, indlela yokuhamba noma isakhiwo jikelele seqembu sishintshiwe ngaphansi kwethonya lezinto zangaphandle;
- ukulahlekelwa ukwesaba okungokwemvelo kwesilwane kwabantu ngokuxhumana njalo nomuntu;
- ukuphatha umuntu njengomlingani ohlukanisayo noma usongo kuye kanye nenzalo ekhulayo;
- isilwane sikhonjiwe noma silimele;
- indoda ithatha ithole kowesifazane;
- i-kangaroo eqeqeshwe njengesilwane esingajwayelekile ekuqaleni iba nezici ezinolaka kakhulu.
Lapho ihlasela umuntu, i-kangaroo ingalwa ngezidladla zayo zangaphambili noma ishaye ngezidladla zayo zangemuva, isebenzisa umsila wayo njengomsekeli. Ukulimala okwenziwe yi-marsupials kubi kakhulu futhi kuyingozi.
Ukuzala nenzalo
Amandla okuzala inzalo avela kubantu abanonyaka owodwa nengxenye kuya kwemibili futhi ahlala cishe eminyakeni eyishumi kuya kweyishumi nanhlanu. Ama-kangaroo azala kanye ngonyaka, kodwa inkathi yokuzalela ama-marsupial ngqo noma ethize ayikho. Ukukhulelwa kwabamele izilwane ezincelisayo ze-marsupial-incisor ezimbili kufushane kakhulu futhi kuyahlukahluka kungakapheli izinsuku ezingama-27-40, ngemuva kwalokho eyodwa, kwesinye isikhathi kuzalwa amawundlu ama-kangaroo amabili.
Ezinhlotsheni zeMasrorus rufus, ukuzalwa kwamawundlu amathathu kuyisici. Ama-kangaroo amakhulu asanda kuzalwa anomzimba onobude obungu-2,5 cm.Izinsikazi zizala izingane zazo ngaphakathi kwesikhwama izinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kweziyisishiyagalombili.
Kuyathakazelisa! Kuma-marsupial amaningi kakhulu, ukufakwa kombungu kubambezelekile. I-kangaroo encane eyimpumputhe futhi encane, ngokushesha ngemuva kokuzalwa, ingena esikhwameni sikanina, lapho iqhubeka ikhula khona izinsuku eziyi-120-400.
Ukukhwelana okusha ezilwaneni kwenzeka cishe ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengulube, nasexhaphozini i-wallaby - usuku ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwengane. Kulokhu, umbungu uhlala usenkingeni kuze kufike isikhathi lapho i-kangaroo yangaphambilini isikhule ngokuphelele noma ifa. Kungalesi sikhathi lapho umbungu ophilayo uqala inqubo yokukhula okusebenzayo. Lapho kunezimo ezinhle kakhulu, kuzalwa izinyane elisha ngokushesha nje lapho i-kangaroo ephakeme isishiye isikhwama sikanina.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko azinabo ubungozi obukhulu bokuqothulwa, kodwa-ke, inani eliphelele lama-marsupials ancipha ngokuqinile, ngenxa yokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwezolimo, ukulahleka kwendawo yokuhlala yemvelo, kanye nomlilo nokuzingela.
Abamele izinhlobo zezinhlobo ze-kangaroo ezimpunga nezaseMpumalanga zivikelekile ngumthetho wase-Australia... Ama-marsupials asendle ayinto yokudubula, eyenziwa ngenhloso yokuthola izikhumba nenyama, kanye nokuvikelwa kwamadlelo.
Inyama yama-marsupial anjalo ibhekwa njengelusizo kakhulu emzimbeni womuntu, ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwawo okunamafutha aphansi. Njengamanje, isimo sokongiwa kwe-kangaroo: sidala ingozi ephansi yokuqothulwa.
