Impendulo yombuzo onzima wokuthi "ungasondla kanjani upholi" ayileli nje kuphela kuma-athikili akhethekile (imvamisa ekhethekile), kepha, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ekuhlangenwe nakho kwakho okuyigugu, umphumela wayo ozoba imenyu efanelekile yenyoni yakho.
Ukudla opholi endaweni yabo yemvelo
Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ziyahluka kukho kokubili ukudla okuthandayo kanye nevolumu / ukwakheka kokuphakelwa kwemvelo... Opholi abakhulu nabancane banezindleko zamandla ezingenakuqhathaniswa, okusho isilinganiso sabo samaprotheni, ama-carbohydrate namafutha.
Kuyathakazelisa!Opholi abakhulu bagxila kwizithelo, ama-inflorescence kanye nembewu yezihlahla zezithelo, ngaphandle kokuyeka izimbali, amantongomane namajikijolo. Imenyu inqunywa indawo yezinyoni. Ngakho-ke, i-macaw, ehlala ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseNingizimu naseMelika Ephakathi, incike kakhulu kumantongomane nezithelo futhi ayithandi ikakhulukazi okusanhlamvu.
Abomdabu baseNtshonalanga Afrika, ama-Grays amahle angama-ash athanda izimbali, amantongomane, nezithelo, kufaka phakathi upopo nesundu. Opholi abaphakathi nendawo badla izithelo, imbewu nezitshalo ezifanele, imvamisa bemba izimpande zabo, izilimo eziyizigaxa noma ama-bulb.
Abantu abalime izindawo ezinkulu zase-Australia ngezinsimu zikakolweni bashintshe ukunambitheka kokuthandwa kwama-budgerigars: kwakudingeka bashintshele ezinhlamvini zikakolweni (zanoma iliphi izinga lokuvuthwa). Ngaphezu kwalokho, amahlumela ngokuzithandela adla imbewu yotshani, izithelo, amaqabunga, imifino, amahlumela amathenda kanye nezinambuzane ezincane.
Ungasondla kanjani upholi ekhaya
Ngisho nama-budgerigars, angathobekile ekugcineni ikhaya, adinga indlela ecatshangelwe ekudleni kwabo, okumele kungabi okuhlukahlukene kuphela, kepha futhi okungenabungozi.
Akukabikho ukuvumelana ngokulingana okuhle kwezinhlamvu nezithelo ekudleni kopholi.... Abanye odokotela bama-ornithologists bakholelwa ukuthi ama-60% kufanele abelwe imifino nezithelo ezintsha, abanye bakholelwa ukuthi ama-40%, kanti abanye bakholelwa ukuthi okungenani ama-80%, kusale kuphela ama-20% esabelo sansuku zonke sokudla okusanhlamvu.
Umnikazi wenyoni exotic kufanele akhumbule ukuthi isabelo sansuku zonke sohlobo oluncane asidluli ku-20 g wenhlanganisela yokusanhlamvu, ophakathi - 30 g, nobukhulu - 50 g. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lezi akuzona izibalo zokugcina: inani lokuphakelayo okudliwe kuhambisana nobudala, i-physiology, nesimo sengqondo sale nyoni. kanye nokunethezeka kwemvelo nezinye izinto.
Konke ukudla kwezinyoni kuvame ukuhlukaniswa ngezilwane nemifino. Owokuqala afaka amaqanda, i-kefir, i-cottage shizi, i-yogurt, izinambuzane ezinezibungu. Iqembu lesitshalo, kanye nemifino nezithelo, kufaka imifino enamaqabunga, okusanhlamvu, amantongomane, amagatsha, ama-inflorescence nembewu.
Ama-pellets okuphakelwa ngopholi
Ekhiqizweni kwamaphilisi, okusanhlamvu, imifino kanye namaminerali / amavithamini kuyabandakanyeka. Ingxenye esemaphakathi yokuphakelayo ngofulawa wommbila, lapho kunezelwa ezinye izinhlamvu nemifino, enongwe ngama-amino acid kanye nezengezo zamaminerali. Ukudla okugwadule kuhle ngoba kuvumela umnikazi wopholi ukuthi angakhathazeki ngokwengeza izakhiwo ezengeziwe zamavithamini nezamaminerali: ama-granules aqukethe zonke izinto ezibalulekile.
Okubalulekile! Opholi bayaphikiswa ekudleni okomile okuqondiswe kwezinye izilwane ezifuywayo (izinhlanzi, izinja namakati). Kokubili imifino kanye namaprotheni (anamaprotheni ezilwane) okuphakelayo okuhlanganisiwe kwezimboni akuvunyelwe.
Njengomthetho, umkhiqizi uhlanganisa okuphakelayo futhi abale usayizi wama-granules ngokususelwa kuzici zezinyoni (zobuhlengikazi, ezigulayo) nobukhulu bazo (kokukhulu, okuphakathi nokuncane). Kodwa-ke, upholi wakho ngeke afunde imiyalo emaphakeji futhi ekugcineni uzokhetha ukuthi imiphi imifino okuthakazelisa kakhulu ukuyihlukumeza - encane noma leyo emikhulu.
Umbandela wokunikeza ingxube eyimbudumbudu kwesinye sezigaba ezintathu kuyindlela yokukhiqiza:
- ukudla okuphilayo (kutshalwe ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali kanye ne-pesticides);
- okujwayelekile;
- eshibhile (ikhwalithi ephansi).
Ngaphandle kwesigaba sokudla, isilwane sakho singasabela kwezinye zezinto zaso: kulokhu, awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kukadokotela wezilwane.
Abathuthukisi bokuphakelwa bayaqiniseka ukuthi umkhiqizo wabo kufanele uthathe okungenani ama-80% wokudla, bese ushiya i-1/5 kuphela yemfuneko yansuku zonke yamantongomane, okusanhlamvu, imifino nezithelo. Lapho wethula ingxube ye-pellet ekudleni kwansuku zonke kwezinkukhu, engeza ama-pellets engxenyeni ejwayelekile yokusanhlamvu, ukwanda kancane kancane kwenombolo.
Izinhlanganisela zokusanhlamvu
Kunemikhiqizo eminingi efakazelwe yakwamanye amazwe efakazele ukuthi ingukudla kopholi: ngaphezu kokusanhlamvu, kuvame ukuba khona amantongomane, izithelo ezomisiwe nezithasiselo zamaminerali. Unganqikazi ukuzama ngokuxuba ukudla okuhloselwe izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene: lokhu kukwenza kuphelele futhi kube lusizo.
Okubalulekile!Kuzofanele ukhohlwe ngesiqubulo esithi "khetha okokufuya": isabelo sengonyama semixube yaseRussia siyingozi ezinyonini zakho.
Faka izithako zemvelo ezingadleki kumxube wakho wokusanhlamvu, njengokushefa ngokhuni, izingcezu zikaphayini, kanye nezingcezu zekhadibhodi elingapendiwe, ukwenza uqhwaku lwesilwane sakho kanye nokuhlangana kobuchopho kusebenze.
Ngaphezu kokusanhlamvu, izithombo kufanele zivele kokuphakelayo kopholi abakhulu, kepha ivolumu yabo kufanele ilawulwe, ngoba izinhlamvu ezihlumayo zingadala isifiso sobulili. Futhi uma ungeke uhlangane nopholi bakho, ungawondli amahlumela..
Izingxube zenathi
Imixube emihle engenisiwe ivamise ukuba nenqwaba yamantongomane / imbewu ukuthi kufanele isuswe kokuphakelayo ukuze upholi ungatshali isibindi (esengozini enkulu kuzo zonke izinyoni).
Ungawondli amantongomane akho angapholiwe: kukhona amaningi awo ezinhlanganisweni zasefektri, kanti amakinati athengwa emakethe angakhunta. Isikhunta sidala ukudakwa kanye ne-mycoses engapheli, okunzima ukuyisusa.
Okubalulekile! Ungayikholelwa insumansumane yokuthi imbewu yamathanga inemiphumela emangalisayo ye-anthelmintic. Zingahlanjululwa ngemenyu, kepha njengomkhiqizo kuphela, hhayi njenge-anthelmintic agent.
Amantongomane ahlanganisiwe angafaka ama-pistachio, ama-pecans, ama-alimondi amnandi nama-macadamias. Lezi zokugcina (ngokuqinisekile egobolondweni), kanye namantongomane esundu, zingeniswa kwimenyu yama-macaws aluhlaza namaphiko aluhlaza: lezi zinyoni ezinkulu zidinga izithelo ezomile ezinekhalori eliphezulu.
Imbewu namantongomane alandelayo kuthathwa njengobuthi:
- imbewu ye-apula;
- ama-alimondi (ababayo);
- izinhlamvu zeplamu, i-cherry, i-cherry enoshukela nezithelo ze-apricot;
- izithelo ze-cherry.
Lezi kanye nezinye izithelo zamatshe ziqukethe ama-cyanides ngesimo se-amygdalin: ikhiqiza i-hydrocyanic acid lapho iqhekeka, edala ubuthi. Uma imbewu / izithelo zigcinwa isikhathi eside, kunamandla ukudakwa.
Uma usaphazamisa upholi ngamathambo anjalo, ungakhohlwa ngokuvinjelwa ngokungeza ama-sorbents kokuphakelayo:
- i-lactofiltrum noma i-polyphepan;
- ubumba olumhlophe / oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
- amagatsha amasha, lapho kune-lignin eningi (imicu yemvelo).
Ngenxa yokuqukethwe okunamafutha ngokweqile, ukhukhunathi, amantongomane eBrazil kanye namasheya awanconyelwa opholi. Ama-parrot amancane anikezwa imbewu ye-sunflower namantongomane (ama-walnuts, ama-hazelnuts nabanye) izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngenyanga ngamanani amancane. Amantongomane ahlinzekwa ngopholi awathosiwe, awasawoti, noma afakwe ushukela.
Izithelo nemifino ekudleni kopholi
Imixube yezentengiselwano incane kakhulu kuma-phytonutrients kanye nama-antioxidants, yingakho upholi ungafanele uncishwe imifino enamaqabunga, imifino nezithelo. Imikhiqizo yezolimo ethengiwe kufanele igezwe (okungcono nge-baking soda) ukususa ubuso be-wax.
Okubalulekile!Lapho wondla isilwane sakho, ungasiki izithelo zikasawolintshi zaseRussia (ama-tangerines, ulamula, amawolintshi, izithelo zomvini, amalimu), kodwa uzihlwithe ngezithelo zaphesheya kwezilwandle. Ncamathisela inyoni yakho ubhanana namaphayinaphu, ikhabe kanye ne-melon pulp / imbewu.
Amajikijolo anconyiwe:
- ama-strawberry (ingadi kanye nehlathi);
- ama-raspberries, i-gooseberries nama-currants;
- ama-blueberries, ama-lingonberries nama-cranberries;
- amajikijolo namablueberries;
- i-chokeberry nokubomvu;
- rose okhalweni kanye honeysuckle ezidliwayo;
- ama-cherries nama-cherries, ahlanganisiwe;
- irga ne-viburnum.
Lesi sakamuva siphikiswa ngopholi abanezinso ezibuthakathaka, kepha futhi kunikezwa abantu abaphilile ezingxenyeni ezincane futhi kuphela ngohlobo oluncibilikisiwe. Amanye amajikijolo akhishwa noma ancibilikisiwe.
Ngokucophelela, le nyoni ilashwa ngezithelo ezomisiwe ezithengwe esitolo, izihlanzisise bese izifaka. Lezi kungaba izingcezu zama-apula, omisiwe, amakhiwane, amabhilikosi omisiwe, amadethi, nama-prune. Izithelo ezintsha zingabamba iqhaza edilini: ama-apula kanye namapheya (afakiwe), ama-kiwi namakhiwane; ibhilikosi, ipentshisi nepulamu (okugoqiwe); i-quince (ngaphandle kwembewu) nehalananda (ngaphandle kwesikhumba), amagilebhisi (amajikijolo ama-3-4 ngosuku).
Umbuso wemifino ekudleni kopholi umelwe yizipho ezilandelayo:
- izaqathe (kungenzeka ngeziqongqo);
- pepper enembewu (sweet / hot);
- ukhukhamba notamatisi;
- i-turnips, i-rutabagas ne-turnips (i-blanched);
- isikwashi, i-zucchini, i-zucchini nethanga (ngezimbewu);
- ama-beet azingeliwe kanye nezihloko zawo;
- amahlumela we-kohlrabi ne-brussels;
- isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, ubhontshisi obuluhlaza nophizi oluhlaza (ngemuva kwe-blanching);
- i-broccoli nokholifulawa, ofakwe emanzini abilayo imizuzu engu-3-5.
Indlebe yommbila (ikakhulukazi engapheniwe) ngeke ibe ukudla kuphela, kodwa futhi nokuzijabulisa: upholi kufanele abe nekota yendlebe ngosuku.
Okubalulekile!Faka imifino enamaqabunga emgodini ngezikhathi ezithile, kufaka phakathi ulethisi, izimbabazane ezincane, umcako omhlophe, isipinashi kanye ne-plantain.
Ukudla kwezilwane
Uhlu lwemikhiqizo yobisi oluvutshiwe olungele amapholi (alunonile kuno-3.0%) lubukeka kanjena:
- i-kefir, iyogathi, ubisi olubilisiwe (kabili ngesonto);
- iyogathi (azikho izithasiselo);
- izithelo zezingane ne-curd puree;
- i-cottage shizi (1 r ngesonto). Iconsi loju livunyelwe.
Kabili ngeviki unganikela ngoju (ngezinyoni ezinkulu nezisemaphakathi - uhhafu wethisipuni, ezincane - esihlokweni salo).
Ubisi olumuncu lufundiswa ukudla ngesipuni noma kuhlanganiswe nokusanhlamvu... Abesifazane akufanele banikezwe ukudla okungenayo i-lactose, kanye nokhilimu omuncu, ukhilimu nobisi. Isitsha esixubekile s izaqathe namaqanda aqoshiwe siwusizo ezinyonini ezikhulayo zezinhlobo ezincane neziphakathi. Ama-parrot amancane adinga ama-ruble angu-1-2 ngesonto elimhlophe ne-yolk (inkukhu nezigwaca).
Abantu abadala abangashadile abadingi amaqanda ukuze bangavuseleli ukucabanga kocansi (unganika ucezu kanye njalo emavikini amabili). Izintethe, amabhungane nezibungu kuhlukanisa ukudla, kodwa kungatheleleka ngezinyoni ngama-parasites. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuthatha ukudla okuphilayo esitolo.
Amavithamini namaminerali
Zifunwa ikakhulukazi ebusika nangesikhathi se-molting. Inkambo inokwamukelwa kwezinsuku eziyi-14 ngekhefu lezinyanga ezi-2. ISepia (sea cuttlefish shell) isebenza njengesengezo semvelo samaminerali. Usekhejini kuze kube yilapho inyoni igcina imshaye.
Uma kune-sepia, izithako ze-calcium azidingeki, kepha ukuze imuncwe umzimba, uvithamini D (okhiqizwa ngaphansi kwelanga noma ngaphansi kwemisebe yesibani se-UV) nama-amino acid ayadingeka. Umthombo wokugcina okusanhlamvu (i-buckwheat, ukolweni, irayisi lasendle, i-oats) nemidumba Kunenqwaba ye-calcium yemvelo espinashi naseziqongweni zebhitrudi, kepha zombili izitshalo zine-oxalic acid, evimbela ukumuncwa kwayo.
Okubalulekile! Ungafaki isilwane sakho ngo-oyili wezinhlanzi: sigcwala ngokweqile ngamavithamini A, D no-E. Umthamo onjalo wokulayisha ekhaya lakho awudingeki futhi uzomlimaza kuphela.
Ama-parrot enza ngaphandle kwama-gastroliths (amatshe amatshe agaya okuqukethwe esiswini senyoni). Inqubo yokugayeka kopholi iqala kakade ku-goiter, ngoba ngisho izinhlobo ezincane kunazo zonke (ngenxa yesakhiwo esithile somlomo) zikuchoboza ukudla okuqinile, ngokungafani nezinye izinyoni ezikugwinya kuphelele.
Phuza
Amanzi endishini yokuphuza ashintshwa okungenani u-1 r ngosuku. Kungcono ukuyeka uketshezi lwompompi esikhundleni samanzi asemabhodleleni ezingane, lapho kufakwa ijusi likalamula (isipuni ngengilazi ngayinye) noma uju oluncane. Sebenzisa uju oluhlungiwe noma olunamathiselwe ekhaya: uju oluhlaza lungangcoliswa ngamagciwane.
Uhlu lweziphuzo oluwusizo lukapholi:
- amanzi amaminerali namanje (njenge "Narzan");
- amajusi asanda kufinywa nengane (izithelo nemifino). Zingahlanganiswa namanzi;
- ama-decoctions we-chamomile nama-rose okhalweni;
- itiye (njenge-tonic) ngezikhathi ezithile.
I-calcium gluconate, njengezithasiselo zamavithamini, ayixubeki namajusi ukuze kugwenywe i-oxidation esheshayo yomibili.
Okuphakelayo kwegatsha
Opholi bathambekele ekushintsheni ukuthanda kwabo kwe-gastronomic kusuka kwisizini kuye kwesizini, befuna izithelo ezisawolintshi emakhazeni ukuze zishiswe iwayini elixutshiwe, amajikijolo avuthiwe ehlobo nasekwindla, kanye namagatsha anokuhluma okuvuthiwe entwasahlobo. Amagatsha afuna ingilazi, le nyoni ayigcini ngokuthola i-fiber ne-microelements, kodwa futhi igaya (njengoba kufanele imvelo) uqhwaku lwayo.
Irejista yezihlahla nezihlahla eziwusizo zifaka:
- i-apula, umlotha wasentabeni ne-cherry;
- ama-raspberries nama-currants;
- i-birch, willow ne-linden;
- i-hawthorn ne-elm;
- imephu, i-alder nomlotha.
Amagatsha anqunywa ezimbonini nasemigwaqweni emikhulu, futhi uma kunesidingo, agcinwa efrijini.... Onke amahlumela kufanele agezwe ngebhulashi nensipho, ahlanze futhi athelwe ngamanzi abilayo. Ebusika, amagatsha angafakwa emanzini ukuze ajabulise isilwane ngokuvuvukala.
Okubalulekile! Okunye ukucabanga okungaqondakali okuqhubekayo kuphathelene ne-tansy: isitshalo kusolwa ukuthi silwa nezikelemu zezinyoni. Ngale ndlela, ngeke ususe i-helminthiasis, kodwa nakanjani uzofaka upholi wakho.
Khipha ekudleni:
- i-oki, i-bird cherry nepheya (ngenxa yezingxenye zokushuka);
- ama-conifers (ngenxa ye-resin), kepha izinaliti ezihlukaniswe namagatsha zinganikezwa;
- i-viburnum;
- i-poplar, okhuni lwayo namagxolo asebenza kakhulu kunezinye izihlahla, amunca ubuthi obusemkhathini;
- i-lilac ne-acacia, lapho kune-syringin, enikeza i-hydrocyanic acid lapho ibola.
Amagatsha amancanyana asikwa abe yizicucu ezincane noma abekwe ephelele, amagatsha aphakathi anikezwa inyoni ephandeni noma amiswe entanjeni ngqo esibayeni.
Yini engeke yondliwe ngopholi
Kuvinjelwe - zonke izitsha (nezithako zazo) etafuleni lakho. Ngisho nemifino ebilisiwe evela esobho iqukethe usawoti namafutha, okungamukeleki ekudleni kwezinkukhu.
Uhlu lwemikhiqizo enqatshelwe lubandakanya:
- upopo nemango, ngaphandle komisiwe;
- ukwatapheya (ngenxa ye-persin enobuthi);
- i-rhubarb ne-sorrel (ngenxa ye-oxalic acid, engalungile ezinso, edala isifo sohudo nokopha kwangaphakathi);
- amazambane aqukethe isitashi okunzima ukugaya;
- amakhowe nesitshalo seqanda, esiqukethe i-solanine, ecasula isisu;
- amakhambi afana ne-cilantro, i-dill, iparsley nabanye;
- okusanhlamvu okuluhlaza (ubhontshisi, ubhontshisi obomvu nama-lima);
- u-anyanisi nogalikhi.
Okubalulekile! Upholi akufanele unikezwe isinkwa esimhlophe esifakwe obisini. Le nyoni ayikwazi ukugaya ubisi, futhi imvuthuluka yesinkwa esisha, ngaphezu kwemvubelo, iqukethe usawoti omningi.
Isinkwa esenziwe ngofulawa we-rye siyingozi kakhulu: uma sikhukhumala, sibangela amajaqamba esiswini nokugaya ukudla, futhi ngenxa ye-glycoside ekhethekile, ivimbela ama-microorganisms anenzuzo. Uma ufuna ukutotosa inyoni yakho, yinike ukunambitheka kwe-rusk emhlophe.
Into yokugcina: ungaphakisi upholi osuka emlonyeni wakho.... Ngale ndlela yokondla, uzodlulisa isikhunta esihlala ku-microflora yomlomo wakho womlomo, ephephile kuwe, kepha eyingozi kule nyoni.
