I-tiger noma ingwe shark nguyena kuphela omele izinhlanzi ezihlwabusayo futhi ingeyehlobo lohlobo olufanayo oluvela emndenini woshaka abampunga we-oda elifana ne-karharin. Lesi ngesinye sezinhlobo zoshaka ezande kakhulu neziningi ezihlala emhlabeni wethu njengamanje.
Incazelo ye-tiger shark
I-tiger shark ingeyesigaba esidala kunazo zonke, esavela eminyakeni eyizigidi ezimbalwa ezedlule, kepha kuze kube manje ukubukeka kwangaphandle kwalo mmeleli wezinhlanzi ezi-cartilaginous cishe akwenzi ushintsho olukhulu.
Ukubukeka kwangaphandle
Le nhlobo ingummeleli omkhulu woshaka, kanti ubude bomzimba obulinganiselwa cishe ngamamitha amathathu kuya kwamane anesisindo ebangeni elingama-400-600 kg. Abesifazane abadala ngokuvamile bakhulu kunabesilisa... Ubude besifazane bungaba ngamamitha amahlanu, kepha imvamisa abantu abafushane kakhulu.
Kuyathakazelisa!Ushaka omkhulu we-tiger shark wabanjwa ngasogwini lwase-Australia, unesisindo esingu-1200 kg nobude bomzimba obungu-550 cm.
Ubuso bomzimba wenhlanzi bumpunga. Abantu abasha babonakala ngesikhumba esinombala oluhlaza okotshani, lapho kudlula khona imivimbo yombala omnyama, enquma igama lohlobo. Ngemuva kokuthi ubude bukashaka budlule uphawu lwamamitha amabili, imivimbo iyanyamalala kancane kancane, ngakho-ke abadala banombala oqinile emzimbeni ongenhla nesisu esikhanyayo esiphuzi noma esimhlophe.
Ikhanda likhulu, limise okombenge. Umlomo kashaka mkhulu kakhulu futhi unamazinyo acijile njengensingo ngenhla ye-beveled nangezindwangu eziningi. Ngemuva kwamehlo, kunezimbobo ezikhethekile zokuphefumula, ezinikeza ukugeleza komoya-mpilo kuzicubu zobuchopho. Ingxenye engaphambili yomzimba koshaka iyajiya, ngokuncipha kuya ngasemsileni. Umzimba unokukhanya okuhle kakhulu, okusiza ukuhamba kwesilwane emanzini. I-dorsal fin engaguquki isebenza njengesikhungo samandla adonsela phansi oshaka futhi iyisiza ngokushesha ukushintshana okungu-180mayelana.
Isikhathi sokuphila
Isikhathi esiphila ngaso se-tiger shark endaweni yemvelo, yemvelo, mhlawumbe, yeqa iminyaka eyishumi nambili. Imininingwane enembile nethembekile, esekelwa amaqiniso, ayitholakali njengamanje.
Ushaka kadoti
Ama-tiger shark, aziwa ngokuthi ama-tiger asolwandle, aphakathi kwezinhlobo eziyingozi kakhulu kubantu futhi anolaka olukhulu. Amazinyo aminyene avumela ushaka ukuba abone ngokoqobo isisulu sakhe sibe yizicucu eziningana.
Ngaphandle kokuthi lolu hlobo lwesilwane esikhetha ukuzingela luthanda ukuzingela izakhamuzi zasemanzini ezidliwayo, izinto ezahlukahlukene kakhulu nezingenakudliwa zivame ukutholakala esiswini soshaka bengwe ababanjiwe, abamele amathini, amathayi emoto, amabhuzu, amabhodlela, olunye udoti ngisho neziqhumane. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi igama lesibili lalolu hlobo lukashaka "yi-sea scavenger".
Indawo yokuhlala
I-tiger shark itholakala kaningi kunezinye izinhlobo emanzini asezindaweni ezishisayo nasemanzini asezindaweni ezishisayo. Abantu bobudala obuhlukile balesi sidalwa abatholakali nje kuphela emanzini olwandle oluvulekile, kodwa nasendaweni eseduze nogu lolwandle.
Kuyathakazelisa! Oshaka babhukuda ikakhulukazi ngasogwini naseziqhingini zoLwandle iCaribbean naseGulf of Mexico, futhi baphinde basondele ogwini lwaseSenegal naseNew Guinea.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, lolu hlobo luye lwanda kakhulu emanzini ase-Australia nasesiqhingini saseSamoa. Uma kuziwa ekutholeni ukudla, oshaka bamahlosi bangabhukuda baze babe ngamatheku amancane nasemibhedeni emifula engajulile. Umkhwabanisi wasolwandle uvame ukuhehwa amabhishi amatasa anezindawo eziningi zokuvakasha, yingakho lolu hlobo lwezilwane ezidla ezinye lwaziwa nangokuthi ushaka odla abantu.
Ukudla kwe-tiger shark
I-tiger shark iyisidalwa esisebenzayo futhi iyabhukuda kakhulu, ihamba kancane endaweni yayo izingela. Lapho isisulu sesitholakele, ushaka uyashesha futhi asheshe, asheshe akhule ngejubane elifanele impela. I-tiger shark inamandla kakhulu futhi ithanda ukuzingela yodwa, imvamisa kakhulu ebusuku.
Isisekelo sokudla izinkalankala, ama-lobster, ama-bivalves nama-gastropods, i-squid, kanye nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinhlanzi, kufaka phakathi ama-stingray nezinye izinhlobo ezincane zoshaka. Imvamisa, izinyoni zasolwandle ezahlukahlukene, izinyoka nezilwane ezincelisayo, ezimelwe ngamahlengethwa asebhodlela, amahlengethwa emhlophe emgqonyeni nama-pro-dolphin, aba yisisulu. Ama-tiger shark ahlasela ama-dugong nezimpawu kanjalo namabhubesi olwandle.
Okubalulekile!Igobolondo lesilwane alisona isithiyo esikhulu "somdliwayo wasolwandle", ngakho-ke umhlaseli uzingela ngempumelelo ngisho nezimfudu ezinkulu kakhulu zesikhumba neziluhlaza, edla umzimba wabo ngemihlathi enamandla ngokwanele futhi eqinile.
Amazinyo amakhulu afriziwe enza ukuthi ushaka ahlasele inyamazane enkulu, kepha isisekelo sokudla kwabo sisamelwe yizilwane ezincane nezinhlanzi, ubude bazo abudluli ku-20-25 cm. Ukuthwebula amaza omsindo wemvamisa ephansi kusiza ukuthola ngokuzethemba inyamazane emanzini aneziyaluyalu.
Kuyathakazelisa!I-cannibalism isici se-tiger shark, ngakho-ke, abantu abakhulu bavame ukudla izihlobo ezincane kakhulu noma ezibuthakathaka, kepha lolu hlobo aluzideleli izidumbu noma udoti.
Abantu abadala bavame ukuhlasela umkhomo olimele noma ogulayo bese bedla izidumbu zabo. Njalo ngoJulayi, izikole ezinkulu zoshaka bamahlosi zihlangana ngasogwini lwengxenye esentshonalanga yeHawaii, lapho amaphuphu namantshontsho ama-albatross amnyama amnyama aqala khona iminyaka yawo yokuzimela. Izinyoni ezingavuthiwe ngokwanele zehlela ebusweni bamanzi futhi ngokushesha zibe yizisulu ezilula zabahlaseli.
Ukuzala nenzalo
Abantu abadala abahlala bodwa bayakwazi ukuhlangana ngenhloso yokuzala. Ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, abesilisa bagubha amazinyo abo emaphikweni emhlane wezinsikazi, ngenxa yalokho amaqanda esibelethweni avundiswa. Isikhathi sokukhulelwa sithatha isilinganiso sezinyanga eziyi-14-16.
Masinyane ngaphambi kokubeletha, abesifazane bahlangana futhi bagweme abesilisa. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ngesikhathi sokubeletha, abesifazane balahlekelwa isifiso sabo sokudla, okugwema ubuzima bezinhlobo zezinhlobo.
Kuyathakazelisa!I-tiger shark ingeyesigaba senhlanzi e-ovoviviparous, ngakho-ke inzalo ikhula esibelethweni sowesifazane emaqandeni, kepha lapho isikhathi sokuzalwa sisondela, izingane zikhululwa kuma-capsule amaqanda.
Lezi zinhlobo zithathwa njengezivundile impela, futhi ngokwengxenye leli iqiniso elichaza inani elibalulekile nendawo esatshalaliswa kakhulu yomzingeli. Njengomthetho, i-tiger shark wesifazane ngesikhathi esisodwa iletha kusuka kumawundlu amabili kuya kwayisihlanu, ubude bomzimba obufinyelela kuma-40 cm noma ngaphezulu. Abesifazane abanendaba nhlobo nenzalo yabo... Abasha kufanele bacashe kubantu abadala ukuze bangabi yizisulu zabo kalula.
Izitha zemvelo zikashaka wehlosi
Ama-tiger shark ngababulali abathanda igazi. Izilwane ezinjengalezi cishe zihlala zicabanga ngokudla, futhi ngaphansi kwethonya lomuzwa wendlala enkulu, zivame ukugijimela ngisho nakwabanye, abangahlukile kubo ngesisindo noma ngosayizi. Kunamacala aziwayo lapho oshaka abadala, abahlanyiswa yindlala, bedwengulana bodwa badle inyama yezihlobo zabo.
Oshaka baba yingozi kwabanye hhayi kuphela lapho sebekhulile. Ubuzimuzimu besintu buyisici, lapho izingane zidlana khona ngaphambi kokuzalwa. Oshaka abakhulu bamahlosi kwesinye isikhathi bayaphoqeleka ukuba bahlehle emisebeni emikhulu enomsila omfishane noma we-rhombic ebahlaselayo, futhi ngokuhlakanipha bagweme ukulwa ne-swordfish.
Isitha esibulalayo sikashaka sithathwa ngokufanele njengezinhlanzi ezincane uDiodon, owaziwa kangcono njenge-hedgehog fish... UDiodon ugwinywe ngushaka uvuvukale aphenduke ibhola elinameva nelibukhali, elikwazi ukubhoboza izindonga zesisu somzingeli onolaka. Akukho okuyingozi kangako ku-tiger shark ngababulali abangabonakali, abamele izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-parasites kanye ne-microflora ye-pathogenic, engabulala ngokushesha isilwane esidla amanzi.
Ingozi kubantu
Ingozi ye-tiger shark kubantu kunzima kakhulu ukuyidlula. Inani lamacala abhalisiwe okuhlaselwa kwalesi silwane esidlayo kubantu sikhula njalo. EHawaii kuphela, kubikwa ngokomthetho unyaka ngamunye ukuhlaselwa okuba kathathu kuye kwamane kwabenzi bamaholide.
Kuyathakazelisa!Kukhona umbono wokuthi i-tiger shark, ngaphambi kokuluma isisulu sayo, ijika ibheke phansi nesisu sayo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuyinganekwane nje, ngoba kulesi sikhundla umhlaseli uba namandla ngokuphelele.
Lapho ihlasela inyamazane yayo, i-tiger shark iyakwazi ukuvula umlomo wayo kakhulu, iphakamisele phezulu impumlo yayo, ngenxa yokuhamba okuphezulu kwemihlathi yayo. Yize kunedumela elibi kangaka, oshaka bama-tiger abadla abantu babhekwa njengezilwane ezingcwele futhi ezihlonishwa kakhulu ngabantu bezinye iziqhingi ePacific nase-Indian Ocean.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
I-tiger shark ibaluleke kakhulu kwezohwebo emazweni amaningi... Amaphiko emhlane, kanye nenyama nesikhumba salezi zidalwa, kubhekwa njengokubaluleke kakhulu. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, lolu hlobo lungezinto zokudoba ezemidlalo.
Kuze kube manje, kube nokuncipha okukhulu kwesibalo soshaka bamahlosi, okusizakale kakhulu ngokuthwebula kwabo nokusebenza kwabantu. Ngokungafani noshaka abakhulu abamhlophe, "abahlaseli basolwandle" njengamanje abahlukaniswa njengabasengozini enkulu, ngakho-ke abafakiwe kuhlu lwe-International Red Book.
