Impungushe iFennec ingenye yezinhlobo ezimbili zezimpungushe eziye zathanjiswa ngempumelelo ngabantu. Kusukela kwesibili wathatha inkululeko, kusukela kweyokuqala - amandla nokudlala. Uhlobene nekati ngokwazi ukugxumela phezulu nakude.
Ukubukeka, incazelo kaFenech
Ama-Arabhu abize lesi silwane esincane se-canine fanak (esihunyushwa ngokuthi "impungushe"). UFenech, osayizi omncane kunekati, uhlukaniswa njengempungushe, kepha akubona bonke ososayensi bezinto eziphilayo ababuqondayo lobu budlelwano, bekhumbula umehluko phakathi kwezimpungushe ezijwayelekile nezimpungushe ze-fennec.
Ngakho-ke, i-Fenech DNA iqukethe ama-chromosomes angama-32, kanti kwezinye izinhlobo zezimpungushe inamabhangqa angama-35-39. Izimpungushe zibhekwa njengesizungu, futhi ama-fennecs ahlala emindenini emikhulu. Ngokunikezwa kwalezi zici, ezinye izazi zebhayoloji zikhombe ama-chanterelles anama-ered kuhlobo oluhlukile olubizwa ngeFennecus.
Isilwane sinesisindo esingaphansi kuka-1.5 kg ngobude obungu-18-22 cm... Umsila onamahlahla cishe ulingana nobude bomzimba, ufinyelela kumasentimitha angama-30 kuya ku-40. Ama-auricles makhulu kakhulu (amasentimitha ayi-15) kangangokuthi, uma efiswa, impungushe ye-fennec ingafihla isifonyo sayo esincane esicijile kwesinye sazo.
Kuyathakazelisa! Izindlebe zitshela isilwane ukuthi siphuthume kuphi uma sifuna inyamazane (ama-vertebrate amancane nezinambuzane), futhi futhi sinesibopho se-thermoregulation. Imikhumbi eseduze ne-epidermis isusa ukushisa okweqile, okubalulekile ogwadule.
Izinyawo ezigcwele uboya nazo ziguqulelwa ukuhlala ogwadule: ngenxa yayo, i-chanterelle ayishisi, isebenza esihlabathini esishisayo. Umbala woboya ngaphezulu (i-fawn noma ukukhipha umbala obomvu) uvumela i-Fenech ukuthi ihlangane nezindunduma zesihlabathi. Ibhantshi ligcwele futhi lithambile. Ezilwaneni ezisencane, ijazi linomthunzi wobisi olubhakwe.
Amazinyo kaFennec, kufaka phakathi ama-canine, mancane. Amehlo, isidlidlizi namakhala anombala omnyama. Njengazo zonke izimpungushe, impungushe ye-fennec ayinazo izindlala zomjuluko, kodwa, njengazo, inendlala yesupra-tail (violet) ekugcineni komsila, ebangela iphunga elibi lapho isatshiswa.
Izilwane zasendle
UFenech ufunde ukuhlala ehlane eliwugwadule, kepha akakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwezimila ezingaphansi. Izihlahlana zotshani nezihlahla kusebenza njengendawo yokukhosela izimpungushe ezitheni, indawo yokukhosela yesikhashana yokuphumula nendawo yomhume.
Amazinyo acijile asiza izilwane ukukhipha ukudla kwazo emhlabeni / esihlabathini. Ukudla kwama-fennecs ngu:
- izinyoni ezincane;
- ezihuquzelayo;
- amagundane;
- izinkumbi nezinye izinambuzane;
- amaqanda ezinyoni;
- izicabucabu nama-centipedes.
Izindlebe-zezindlebe zibamba ukugqwala okungazwakali okukhishwa yizinambuzane (ngisho nasebunzimeni besihlabathi). Isisulu esibanjwe kude nasekhaya sibulawa ngumkhohlisi ngokuluma entanyeni, bese siyiswa emgodini siyodla khona. UFenech ubeka izinhlinzeko ezeqile ekubekweni, ngekhanda izixhumanisi zenqolobane.
UFenech unomswakama owanele otholakala kumajikijolo, inyama namaqabunga: amahlumela awo aguqulelwa ezindaweni ezomile futhi awahlupheki ngaphandle kwamanzi. Ukudla kufanele kuhlale kunezilimo eziyizigaxa, izimpande nezithelo ezihlinzeka isilwane ngokudla uketshezi nsuku zonke. Ngokwemvelo, izilwane ziphila iminyaka eyi-10-12.
Indawo, i-geography
AbakwaFenecs bahlala ezingwadule zaseNyakatho Afrika: izilwane zingatholakala endaweni enkulu ukusuka enyakatho yeMorocco kuya e-Arabia naseSinayi Peninsula, futhi engxenyeni eseningizimu bafinyelela eChad, Niger naseSudan.
Kuyathakazelisa! Kukholakala ukuthi inani elikhulu kakhulu lama-mini chanterelles lihlala enkabeni yeSahara. Ngaphezu kwezimpungushe ze-fennec, azikho izidlo ezidla inyama lapha ezingahlala zomile isikhathi eside futhi zingenayo imithombo yamanzi.
Zombili izindunduma zesihlabathi ezihleliwe nezindunduma ezihambayo eduze nogu lwe-Atlantic (nemvula yaminyaka yonke eyi-100 mm) ziba yindawo yokuhlala izimpungushe. Emngceleni oseningizimu webanga, atholakala eduze kwezifunda lapho kungabi khona imvula engaphezu kuka-300 mm ngonyaka.
Imisebenzi yabantu endaweni eyihlane, kufaka phakathi ukwakhiwa kwezindlu, iqhuba uFenech kusuka ezindaweni zabo zokuhlala, njengoba kwenzeka eningizimu yeMorocco.
Indlela yokuphila yempungushe
Ziyizilwane zomphakathi eziguqulelwe impilo yeqembu. Umndeni uvame ukuba nabazali, amantombazane abo ngaphambi kokuthomba kanye nentsha eningana... Izilwane zimaka imingcele yendawo yazo ngomchamo nangendle, futhi ezesilisa ezindala zikwenza lokhu kaningi nangokuningi.
UFenech uzivumelanisa nomhlaba wangaphandle ngosizo lomuzwa omuhle kakhulu wephunga, ukuzwa okunamandla nokubona okuhle kakhulu (kufaka phakathi umbono wasebusuku).
Imidlalo ejwayelekile inikela ekubumbaneni komndeni okukhulu, ubunjalo bawo buxhomeke kusizini nesikhathi sosuku. Emidlalweni yokudlala, ama-fennec amancane abonisa ukushesha okungajwayelekile nokushesha, agxume afike kuma-70 cm ukuphakama nangaphezulu kwe-1 m ubude.
Kuyathakazelisa! Akumangazi ukuthi iqembu lebhola lase-Algeria libizwa ngothando ngokuthi "Les Fennecs" (Desert Foxes or Fenecs). E-Algeria, lesi silwane sihlonishwa kakhulu: ngisho nakuhlamvu lwemali lwe-1/4 dinar, isithombe sikaFenech siqoshwe.
Usebusuku futhi unomkhuba wokuzingela yedwa. Impungushe idinga indawo ethokomele ukuyikhosela elangeni elishisayo.... Umgodi oweluliwe (ngaphezu kwamamitha ayisithupha) uba yindawo enjalo, angamba kalula ubusuku obubodwa ngaphansi kwezimpande zezihlahla ezisekela izindonga.
Lesi sakhiwo asikwazi ukubizwa ngomgodi, ngoba asibukeki njengekhefu elilula, kepha sakhiwe ngezikhala eziningi, imigudu nezindawo zokuphuma eziphuthumayo, ezenzelwe ukukhishwa okuphuthumayo kukaFenech uma kwenzeka kuhlaselwa isitha.
Imvamisa uhlelo lwe-burrow luyinkimbinkimbi kangangokuba lungahlalisa imindeni eminingana ngaphandle kokuphazanyisana.
Izitha eziyinhloko zikaFenech
Kukholakala ukuthi anjengalawa ama-lynxes asogwadule (izinyamazana) nezikhova zokhozi. Akukabi bikho ofakazi bokuzibonela bokuzingelwa kwalezi zilwane ngama-chanterelles anendlebe ende, futhi lokhu kuyaqondakala: ngenxa yokuzwa okuzwelayo, impungushe yaseFennec ifunda kusengaphambili mayelana nokusondela kwesitha futhi ifihle khona manjalo emigodini yayo eminyene.
Usongo olukhulu kakhulu luthiwa ama-fennecs ngumuntu owaqothula ngenxa yoboya obuhle futhi ababambe ukuze babathengise kabusha ema-zoo noma ezinkulisa ezizimele.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-fenech
Ukuzala kwenzeka lapho unezinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kwezi-9, kanti abesilisa bakulungele ukukhwelana ngaphambi kwezinsikazi.
Ngenkathi yokuzalanisa, evame ukuwa ngoJanuwari / Februwari futhi ihlala amasonto ayi-4-6, abesilisa bakhombisa ukwanda okwandayo, ngokuqinile "ukuchelela" indawo yabo ngomchamo. URut kuFenechs uhlala izinyanga ezimbili, kanti ezocansi zabesifazane izinsuku ezimbili kuphela.
Owesifazane wase-estrus umemezela isifiso sakhe sokukhwelana ngokuhambisa umsila wakhe, awuhambise phezulu uye eceleni. Ngemuva kokukhwelana, izilwane zakha umkhaya womndeni unomphela, ngoba zindawonye. Umbhangqwana wakwaFenek unelungelo lokuthola indawo ehlukile yomhlaba.
Ama-Fennecs droppings alethwa kanye ngonyaka. Ukuzalwa kabusha kwemidlwane kungenzeka kuphela uma kwenzeka kufa udoti, ikakhulukazi lapho kukhona ukudla okuningi.
Kuyathakazelisa!Umama uthwala inzalo kusuka ezinsukwini ezingama-50 kuya kwezingama-53. Ukubeletha, okuholela ezinganeni ezi-2-5, kuvame ukwenzeka ngoMashi / Ephreli.
Ngesikhathi sokukhishwa komthwalo, isidleke emgodini sinezimpaphe, utshani noboya. Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zimbozwe ngemfucumfucu enemibala yamapentshisi engenasisindo, ayizimpumputhe, ayinakuzisiza futhi inesisindo esingaba ngamagremu angama-50 Ngesikhathi sokuzalwa, izindlebe zezimpungushe ze-fennec zigoqekile, njengalezo zemidlwane yezinja.
Emasontweni amabili ubudala, imidlwane ivula amehlo ayo bese iqala ukukhukhumeza izindlebe ezincane... Kusukela kuleli phuzu kuye phambili, ama-auricles akhula ngokushesha okukhulu kunawo wonke umzimba, eba nkulu usuku nosuku. Isikhathi esifushane, izindlebe ziphenduka imithwalo emikhulu ngokungalingani.
Insikazi ayimvumeli ubaba wabo ukuba asondele emidlwane, amvumele kuphela ukuthi athole ukudla aze abe nemaviki ama-5-6 ubudala. Kule minyaka, bangamazi ubaba wabo, ngokuzimela baphume emgodini, badlale eduze kwakhe, noma bahlole indawo ezungezile.... Imidlwane enezinyanga ezintathu ubudala isivele ikwazi ukuhamba ibanga elide. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, insikazi iyeka ukukhiqiza ubisi.
Yenza okuqukethwe ekhaya
Kaningi ungezwa ukuthi i-fennec fox iyona kuphela evela ku-oda lwezimpungushe umuntu okwazile ukuzithambisa. Eqinisweni, kukhona enye impungushe yasekhaya, etholwe ngenxa yomsebenzi wokukhetha wososayensi abavela eNovosibirsk Institute of Cytology and Genetics enezimpungushe ezimnyama zesiliva.
Kuyathakazelisa! Impungushe yokuqala ethanjisiwe kufanele iqashelwe endabeni edumile ethi "The Little Prince" ka-Antoine de Saint-Exupery. I-prototype ye-cute inganekwane uhlamvu kwaba fenech, wahlangana umbhali ngo-1935 ku izindunduma zaseSahara.
ERussia, ungathembela ngasesandleni esisodwa izinkulisa ezizalela lezi zindlebe ezinamacici. Kunengqondo ukuthi i-fenech iyabiza: kusuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-25 kuye kwayi-100. Kepha nokuzimisela ukukhokha inani elinjalo lesilwane esingajwayelekile akuqinisekisi ukutholwa okusheshayo: kuzofanele ubhalise futhi ulinde izinyanga eziningi (kwesinye isikhathi iminyaka) ukuze izingane zivele. Enye indlela ukubheka umnikazi wangasese noma ukuya e-zoo.
Uma ucabanga ukuthola iphutha, uphoqelekile ukuthi unikeze induduzo edingekayo yokuba sekuthunjweni, ngamanye amagama, udale izimo ezimvumela ukuba agijime futhi agxume ngokukhululeka. Kungcono uma unganikeza isilwane sakho igumbi elihlukile elifudumele.
Ukunakekelwa, inhlanzeko
Ama-Fenecs awasindi ukunakekela... Kepha njenganoma yisiphi isilwane esinamajazi aminyene, sizodinga ukuhlanganiswa okuhleliwe kwezinwele ezifayo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi se-molting esenzeka kabili ngonyaka.
Lezi zinyawo ezine cishe azinuki. Ngomzuzwana wobungozi, "iphunga" elihwamukayo, elihwamukayo ngokushesha liphuma empungutini. Unganuka iphunga elibi kusuka kuthileyi uma kungekho udoti kuwo. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, shintsha amanabukeni kaningi noma ugeze ithreyi kahle.
Kuyathakazelisa!Maqondana nalezi zidalwa ezincane, ikakhulukazi ebuntombini, kufanele kuqashelwe kakhulu: bayathanda ukugijima phakathi kwemilenze yabo, bekwenza ngokungabonakali nangokuthula.
Ungangena ngephutha ku-nimble Fenech, ngaphandle kokulindela ukuthi asuke ngokushesha ekhoneni elikude legumbi elingaphansi kwezinyawo zakho. Kungakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uhlale ubheka ukuthi indlebe yakho ikuphi ukuze ungayilimazi kakhulu.
Izinkinga zokugcina i-fenech ekhaya
Ubungane noFenech bugcwele izingibe eziningi, kungcono ukwazi ngazo kusengaphambili.
AmaFennecs (njengezilwane zenhlalo yabantu) azosebenzisa imisindo ehlukahlukene etholakalayo kubo ukuxhumana nawe noma ukuveza imizwa yabo, kufaka phakathi ukuhayiza nokuhhewula, ukukhala nokuhayiza, ukukhonkotha nokuhayiza, ukububula nokuhhewula.
Akubona bonke abanikazi abakhalaza "ngokukhuluma" kwezilwane ezifuywayo: ngokusobala, kukhona abaningi abathule phakathi kwalaba bakamuva.
Kuneminye imininingwane embalwa okuzodingeka uyinake:
- izimpungushe zidinga i-aviary ebanzi, empeleni kuvulandi noma igumbi;
- AmaFennec ngobunzima obukhulu afunda ukuzikhulula kuthileyi;
- ukuthengwa kokudla okuphilayo / okusanda kubulawa;
- isikhathi esifushane sokulala ebusuku;
- ukushoda kodokotela bezilwane abagxile kwezilwane zasendle.
Abanikazi be-Fennec baphawula ukungaziphathi kahle kwezilwane zabo ezifuywayo, ukubukeka okuhle, kepha ukwanda kokwesaba kunoma yimuphi umsindo ongalindelekile.
Okubi ngumkhuba wokuluma imilenze yamalungu omndeni futhi kwesinye isikhathi kubonakale kakhulu... Uma imilenze yakho emine igonyiwe, ingathathwa ngohambo olude, yebo, kanye nezincwadi zokugoma.
Nutrition - ungayondla kanjani impungushe emifushane
UFenech udinga ukudla okunamaprotheni amaningi.
Okunye kwalokhu kudla kufanele kube khona ekudleni kwansuku zonke:
- ufulawa / izikelemu, amakhilikithi nezinye izinambuzane;
- amaqanda (izigwaca nenkukhu);
- amagundane (izingane ezisanda kuzalwa kanye nabantu abadala);
- inyama eluhlaza;
- ukudla kwekati kwemikhiqizo elite (ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-taurine nenyama).
Ungakhohlwa ngezakhi zemifino, ezingaba imifino efriziwe, utamatisi, i-broccoli nezithelo (okuncane). UFenech ngeke alimale yi-taurine eyengeziwe (500 mg), okumele ixutshwe nezibungu zokudla, imifino noma amaqanda. Wonke amaswidi nokudla okuvela etafuleni lakho akuvunyelwe.
Bheka okuqukethwe kuthileyi: lapho uzobona yonke imifino engadliwe (futhi ngenxa yalokho ayinampilo).... Lezi zivame ukuba izaqathe, ummbila nakho konke okusanhlamvu. Nikeza uFenech i-cranberry noma i-cherry ukuze unciphise iphunga lomchamo. Futhi ungakhohlwa isitsha samanzi amasha.
Inombolo, inani labantu
AmaFennecs aziwa ukuthi afakiwe kuSithasiselo II se-CITES Convention, elawula ukuhwebelana kwamazwe omhlaba ngezinhlobo zezilwane zasendle nezilwane ezisengozini.
Indida - ososayensi banedatha ebangeni labantu bezimpungushe ezincane, kepha abanalo ulwazi olunembile ngenombolo yabo nangesimo sabo.
