UDegu, igundane elincane laseNingizimu Melika, ngezikhathi zengozi lifana nesibankwa: njengaye, ushiya umsila wakhe emazinyweni omzingeli, noma kunalokho, isikhumba somsila. Isilwane kamuva silume ucezu olugqokiwe, kepha umsila awusabuyi ubuyele emuva.
Incazelo, ukubukeka kwengwejeje laseChile
Umhlaba ufunde ngama-degus ngo-1782 emsebenzini wesayensi weChilean Juan Molina, umpristi kanye nesazi semvelo, owathi lesi silwane esisha sivela kohlanga lwama-squirrels (ngesisekelo sokufana okukhulu kwemikhuba yabo). I-degu manje isifakiwe emndenini we-Octodon wamazinyo ayisishiyagalombili.
Umuntu omdala ukhula aze afike ku-35-45 cm (kufaka phakathi umsila) enesisindo esingu-170-300 amagremu... Lawa angamagundane anombala ophuzi onombala ophuzi onemilenze eyisiliva-mpunga. Ngaphambili, izinzwane ezine kanye nesithupha (okungajwayelekile) kuyabonakala. Imilenze yangemuva mide kunaleyo engaphambili futhi inezinzwane ezi-5. Uzwane ngalunye luphela ngozipho olucijile olumnyama. Ngenxa yemilenze yangemuva eqinile, izilwane zigxuma zifike kumitha elilodwa.
Isifonyo kwesinye isikhathi sihlotshiswe ngemivimbo kakhilimu, umbala wewolintshi kwesinye isikhathi udabula ngemuva, isisu sipendwe ngokhilimu ophuzi. Intshakaza yezinwele ezinde ibonakala ekugcineni komsila oyisentimitha eyi-12.
Kukholakala ukuthi i-degu squirrel ingabona ngisho nokwenzekayo ngemuva kwayo ngaphandle kokuguqula ikhanda. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuhleleka okukhethekile kwamehlo amile okwe-alimondi (anabafundi abame mpo), okunikeza umnikazi wawo umbono ocishe ufane ne-panoramic.
Kunalokho izindlebe ezinkulu eziyisiyingi ezinombala onsundu ngokumpunga zinesibopho sokuzwa kwesilwane. Ama-auricles ngokuvamile acindezelwa kancane emzimbeni, kodwa avuleke ngokushesha kunoma imuphi umsindo, noma owodwa ongabanjwa ngokuzwa komuntu.
Ikhala, uma liqhathaniswa negundane, lifushane futhi liyindilinga, kepha futhi line-vibrissae (intshebe), elenza imisebenzi emibili ebalulekile - ukuthinta nokuhogela. I-degu yabantu abadala inamazinyo angama-20:
- Abomdabu abakhulu abangu-12;
- 4 abomdabu abancane;
- 2 incisors ngezansi / ngenhla.
Esikhundleni samazinyo, kune-diastema (igebe lapho amagundane ekhipha izingcezu ezilukhuni ezingakulungele ukudla).
Kuyathakazelisa!I-degu evuthiwe ngokocansi imangaza abanye ngamazinyo e-orange akhanyayo. Kepha bathola i-orange hue njengoba igundane likhula: izingane zizalwa zinamazinyo amhlophe.
Ijazi le-squirrel laseChile libonakala ngesakhiwo esiyimbudumbudu nombala we-agouti: ukukhanya okuphakathi nethiphu emnyama. Uma ubheka kahle, uzobona (ikakhulukazi ngemuva) izinwele ezithile ezinde. Umbala oklanyiwe usiza i-degus ukuthi ihlangane nendawo abahlala kuyo.
Degu endle
Izilwane ezihlala emindenini (abesilisa aba-1-2 kuya kwabesifazane abangafika kwabayisi-5 abanamawundlu ayisi-5 kuya ku-10) banesimo sezilwane zomphakathi. Umphakathi ngamunye "ungumnikazi" cishe wamamitha-skwele angama-200, lapho kunokudla okuningi nenethiwekhi ebanzi yemigodi. Bazama ukungavumeli abantu abangabazi bangene endaweni.
Indlela Yokuphila
Ibizwa ngokuthi yiqembu lomndeni: izihlobo zingcono ekumbeni imigodi nasekuyigcineni. Ngokumba umgodi, amalungu enhlangano yomndeni akha uchungechunge lokuphila lokudlulisa umhlaba komunye nomunye kusuka ekujuleni kuya ngaphezulu. Ngokubambisana, ama-degus akha imigudu emide engaphansi komhlaba.
Ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi ngaphansi komhlaba, amagundane angakhohlwa ngokudla kwawo kanye nempahla yasebusika. Ukudla kudonswa emigodini noma kungcwatshwe ezingxenyeni ezingenhla zenhlabathi... Ukudla okuyinhloko kwezingwejeje zaseChile:
- utshani;
- amagxolo ezihlahla;
- amahlamvu ezihlahla;
- imbewu;
- hay namaqabunga omile (ebusika).
Ngokwemvelo, umlingani uzala kanye, kancane kancane kaningi ngonyaka. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-87-93, kuphele ngokuvela (imvuthuluka engu-14-gram eyi-14). Ekuthunjweni, ama-degus akwazi ukuzala kaningi, ngoba ngemuva kokubeletha, owesifazane ukhulelwa kalula. Yingakho ngemuva kokuvela kwezingane, ubaba unconywa ukuthi asuswe.
Umama wondla inzalo ngobisi kusuka emavikini amabili kuya kwayisithupha, kepha sekuvele amasonto amabili ngemuva kokuzalwa, izingane zingadla ukudla okuqinile, futhi ngemuva kwelinye isonto zingakhasa ngokuzimela emigodini yazo.
Lapho bezama ukuphuma ngaphambi kwesikhathi, abantu abadala bahudulela izingane emuva. Abesilisa basiza abesifazane ukukhulisa amazinyane ngokunikeza abasha utshani obusha. Ngaphambi kokuqala kokuzala, izilwane ezincane ziqoqelwe ezinkampanini zobulili obufanayo, futhi kusukela emasontweni ayi-12-16, izilwane esezikhulile sezivele zikwazi ukuzikhwelana.
Ingwejeje yaseChile ithanda kakhulu ukushona, inamanani aphezulu ekuseni nakusihlwa.
Indawo yokuhlala
UDegu wabizwa ngegundane laseNingizimu Melika ngesizathu: uhlala ePeru, e-Argentina, eBolivia naseChile. Izilwane zikhangwa izindawo ezinamadwala ezinezihlahlana eziningi.
Kuyathakazelisa! Abantu abadala bamaka izindawo zabo ngomchamo. Ezinye izindlela zokuxhumana ziyizimpawu ezithandekayo, ezibukwayo nezomsindo. Kukhona okungenani imisindo eyi-15 eyaziwayo eshintshaniswa ngama-degus.
Yize kusetshenzwa emini, amagundane anqena ukukhasa angene emoyeni omusha emini ehlobo, agweme imisebe yelanga engadala ukushisa ngamandla.
Ukuseshwa kokudla kuvame ukwenzeka ekuseni nangaphambi kokuhwalala, lapho ukushisa kudamba. Ngaphezu kwelanga elishisayo, ama-degus esaba izinkozi, izikhova nezimpungushe (izitha zazo zemvelo).
Futhi, amagundane, aphakathi kwezinambuzane zezolimo, avame ukubulawa ubuthi bezibulala-zinambuzane, njengoba ethanda ukudla izitshalo emasimini.
UDegu squirrel ekhaya
Izilwane azihlaliseki futhi ziyaxokozela: ziyagijima, zilole amazinyo azo, zigxume, futhi zenze imisindo. UDegu uyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nombuso womgcini, kepha abakwenzi njalo lokhu. Ngokuziphatha kwazo okungaphumuli, izilwane ezifuywayo zidinga indawo ezolile egumbini. Abakwazi ukumela umculo onomsindo, intuthu kagwayi, imibuthano enomsindo, okusalungiswa, futhi futhi bayaxwaya izingane ezingabalimaza kalula. Ingane ayiwabali amandla futhi iyakwazi ukukhama i-degus ekufeni noma ukuyilahla phansi, egcwele ukufa kwayo. Kepha igundane ngokwalo lingamluma owonile egazini.
Idivayisi ye-Degu cage
Uzodinga ikheji elibanzi kakhulu, ngoba lezi zilwane zigcinwa kuphela ngababili bobulili obufanayo.
Izidingo ezisemqoka zezinyoni:
- Ubukhulu obuncane: ubude - 1.2 m; ububanzi - 0,6 m; ukuphakama - 1 m.
- Isikhawu phakathi kwezinduku (mhlawumbe i-chrome-plated) asikho ngaphezu kuka-1-1.5 cm.
- Iminyango evalwe ngokuqinile. Izikhala (ngisho nezincane kakhulu) azamukeleki.
- Izinsiza zokudlala ezibandakanya amashalofu, indlu, isitebhisi, izinkuni zokushayela namasondo. Qiniseka ukuthi ushiya indawo yokunyakaza kwamahhala nokugxuma.
- Umbhede wokumba (okungenani u-10 cm ukuphakama) nesitsha sokuphuza.
- Okuphakelayo nosennitsa kugcwaliswe ngotshani.
- Ukugeza "ngesihlabathi" esikhethekile sokugeza isilwane.
- Uma phansi kwenziwe nge-plexiglass / getinax, izimbobo ziyabholwa kuyo ukuze kungene umoya.
Ngokwengeziwe, udinga isibani sasemini, esibekwe eduze kwehhoko. Uma ifulethi libanda, ungashisa ikheji ngesibani se-incandescent.
Ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa, inhlanzeko
Njengoba i-degu squirrel ingenakugcinwa ehhokweni ngaso sonke isikhathi, uma uyiyeka ukuba ihambe, ifihle izimbali zasendlini, izintambo futhi uqiniseke ukuthi ayidli iphepha lodonga nefenisha.
Lapho uqala igundane, lungela ukuhlanzwa nsuku zonke kwesikhala esiseduze nekheji: i-degu izosabalalisa okombhede, iphinde idle zonke izinto ezisendlini yayo (amathoyizi, amashalofu, izindlu). Kuzofanele zithengwe lapho kudingeka.
Ukuhlanganiswa kokuqukethwe ukungabi nephunga: isilwane siphuza kancane futhi siphume kancane. Ebusika, indawo yakhe yokuhlala ihlanzwa cishe kanye ngenyanga, ehlobo - kanye njalo emavikini amabili, njengoba igundane livame ukufihla ukudla okusha "kokomisa".
Yini ongayondla i-degus - ukudla okuyinhloko
Yomibili le mikhiqizo etafuleni lethu kanye nokuphakelwa kwasembonini ayizifanele lezi zilwane. Kepha uma ukudla kwesilwane kufakwa kokugcina, qiniseka ukuthi:
- kumahhala okungavunyelwe, kufaka phakathi izithako ezimnandi (ama-apula, amajikijolo, omisiwe, njll.);
- yemvelo (awekho amakhemikhali);
- mahhala okusanhlamvu sikashukela nezinhlamvu mbumbulu.
Ukunconywa kukaDegu okunconywe ngokulinganisela nokuqinisekisiwe, okwenziwe ngo-2012. Izingxenye zalo eziyisisekelo:
- Imifino emisha - amakhambi, izimbali, ukhula, amahlamvu kanye neziqongqo zemifino.
- Imbewu (okungcono emixubeni) - 4 g ngegundane elilodwa.
- Ukuphatha (imifino, izimpande zezitshalo, amantongomane, imbewu ye-legume) - 2 g nge-1 igundane.
UHay kufanele atholakale njalo esilwaneni.
Uhlala isikhathi esingakanani isikwashi saseChile?
Ukudla okulinganiselayo kubeka izisekelo zempilo ende yesilwane. Kuyaziwa ukuthi endle, isigamu se-degus asihlali unyaka, i-1% iphila kuze kube yiminyaka emi-2, futhi umuntu oyedwa kuphela kwabangu-5400 onqoba umkhawulo weminyaka engu-4.
Kuyathakazelisa!Ezimweni zokufakelwa, amagundane aseNingizimu Melika akhombisa izimangaliso zokuphila isikhathi eside, ahlala eduze kwabanikazi iminyaka engu-5-8.
Izifo kanye nokwelashwa kwama-degus
Ku-2011, iBritish Small Animal Veterinary Association yenze ucwaningo ngezifo ezivamile ze-squirrel yaseChile.
Izifo ezivame kakhulu zaziwa:
- Amazinyo (60.0%).
- I-Cataract (13.33%).
- Impandla ngenxa yokuzikhipha izinwele (13.33%).
- Ukuphuka (okuhlukumezayo).
- Ukulimala kwezicubu ezithambile (amanxeba, umsila weqembu).
- Uhudo ngenxa yokungondleki kahle.
- Ukungajwayelekile kokuzala.
Ezilwaneni ezingama-300 ezihloliwe, ezingama-38 kuphela ezaziphilile ngokuphelele. Izazi ze-Zoologists zithole ukuthi izifo eziningi zibangelwa ukungondleki okusezingeni elifanele, ukwephulwa kwesondlo kanye nokulimala budedengu.
Ukuzala ekhaya
Lesi sifundo singaphakathi kwamandla we-gourmets abanolwazi kakhulu kuphela abaqonda abakwenzayo. Uma owesifazane efa, kuzodingeka ukondle ama-tastings njalo ngamahora ama-2 okungenani amasonto ama-2, uwagcine efudumele futhi uhlikihla izisu.
Udinga ukuthi uqiniseke ngokuzala ama-degus enempilo (hhayi izihlobo!) Ngaphandle kwezakhi zofuzo ezingajwayelekile. Uzodinga amakheji amahhala lapho uzobeka khona owesilisa (ngaphambi kokubeletha). Izingane ezikhulile (umama onamadodakazi, ubaba onabafana) nazo zifakwa kumaseli ahlukene.
Ukugwema ukukhulelwa kaningi, abesifazane abadala nabesilisa nabo bazalwa emakhejini ahlukene.... Owesifazane akalotshwa aze abe nezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala futhi usuthole amagremu angama-220 (eneminyaka engu-4-5 ubudala, ukubeletha nakho kuyakhishwa).
Okubalulekile!Ukuzalela i-degus kuvame ukudinga izindleko zokwelashwa (isibhedlela, i-X-ray, isigaba se-cearean), kanye nokuzethemba ukuthi kanye ezinyangeni eziyisithupha uzokwazi ukunamathisela inzalo esikhulile (6-10 degus).
Futhi ekugcineni, kufanele ukwazi ukunquma ubulili babo, ukuze unganiki abanikazi abasha imibhangqwana exubile, esongela ukubeletha kwasekuqaleni kanye nobubi bokuzala.
Thenga i-degu squirrel - amathiphu namasu
Ungathathi ingane engaphansi kwezinyanga eziyi-1.5. Ukulunyulwa kumama phambilini kugcwele ukucindezeleka nezinkinga zempilo. Kuyalulekwa ukubona izimo lapho kuhlala khona izilwane ezifuywayo zakho zesikhathi esizayo, ukuthola ukuthi bondliwa yini, ukubona indlela yokuziphatha. Izilwane akufanele zibe nempilo kuphela (ngamehlo acwebezelayo nezinwele, ikhala / izindlebe ezihlanzekile), kodwa futhi zihlanganyele.
Ungathenga Kuphi Amaprotheni WaseChile
Kunezinketho zokuthenga ezi-4:
- Enkulisa noma kumfuyi ozimele.
- Esitolo sezilwane.
- Emakethe yenkukhu.
- Nge-Intanethi.
Izinzuzo zokuthenga enkulisa / kumfuyi: ukukhetha izilwane eziningi; ukuhlolwa kwendawo yokugcina kwabo kanye nokudla; izeluleko eziningiliziwe ezivela kumthengisi nokusizwa okuqhubekayo.
Uma uthinta isitolo, uzothola izeluleko ezinhle futhi uthenge nezincwadi ezikhethekile. Kuliqiniso, kuhlale kunokukhetha okuncane kwama-degus (abantu abangu-2-3), futhi ungagijimela kumthengisi oyisiphukuphuku.
Igundane elinempilo lingathengwa emakethe uma umnikazi elithengisa. Umuntu ophetheyo uzokutshela ngokuhlukahluka kokushiya bese unikeza (uma kungenzeka) inombolo yakhe yocingo.
Uma uthola isilwane kwi-Intanethi, zama ukufika ekhaya lomthengisi ukuze ubone ukuthi i-degu yakho ikhuliswe kuphi.
Intengo yesikwele yasedegu
Akuphakeme - kusuka kuma-ruble angama-300 lilinye... Izesekeli ze-squirrel zibiza kakhulu: ikheji libiza kusuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezinhlanu nangaphezulu, umbukiso - kusuka ezinkulungwaneni eziyishumi, isondo - kusuka kuma-ruble angama-700 kuye kwayi-1500. Futhi abaphuza, izitsha, izindlu, ukugcwalisa, ubhavu "wesihlabathi" kanye "nesihlabathi" samaminerali uqobo, kubiza ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-2-3. Akuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa isihlabathi somfula nolwandle!
Ungakhohlwa ngokudla okuhle, okupakishelwa okufanele ukhokhe ama-ruble angama-300, kanye notshani nezinhlobonhlobo zokudla okulula okunempilo.
Ukubuyekezwa komnikazi
Labo abathole i-degus bayeluleka ukuthi bavule ikheji kaningi ukuze bamthambise ngokushesha, bamhehe ngesibiliboco: udinga ukubeka isilwane entendeni yesandla sakho ngemuva kokusijwayela ngaphandle kwekheji, uzulazula egumbini.
Okubalulekile!Abanikazi bezinduku beluleka ukuthi bangalahli ithemba uma isilwane sinamahloni futhi sicasha - sidinga nje isikhathi sokujwayela imvelo entsha kanye nawe.
Lapho i-degu iba nesibindi, uyamphakela ngesandla bese uzinwaya umhlane wakhe, okuyinto azokuphathisa yona.
