Impendulo yombuzo, inhloboni yememori inhlanzi enayo, inikezwa ngocwaningo lwezazi zezinto eziphilayo. Bathi izifundo zabo (mahhala ne-aquarium) zikhombisa inkumbulo enhle yesikhathi eside neyesikhashana.
IJapan ne-zebrafish
Ngomzamo wokuqonda ukuthi inkumbulo yesikhathi eside yenziwa kanjani enhlanzini, ososayensi bezinzwa baye babona i-zebrafish: ubuchopho bayo obuncane obusobala bulula kakhulu ekuhlolweni.
Umsebenzi kagesi wobuchopho waqoshwa kusetshenziswa amaprotheni we-fluorescent, izakhi zofuzo ezazifakwe ku-DNA yenhlanzi ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Besebenzisa ukukhipha ugesi okuncane, bafundiswa ukushiya umkhakha we-aquarium lapho kuvulwa khona idayiphu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ekuqaleni kocwaningo, ama-neurons endawo ebukwayo yobuchopho ajabula ngemuva kwesigamu sehora, kwathi ngosuku olulodwa kuphela kamuva ama-forebrain neurons (afana nama-cerebral hemispheres kubantu) athatha induku.
Lapho nje leli chungechunge liqala ukusebenza, ukusabela kwenhlanzi kwashesha njengombani: i-diode eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yabangela ukusebenza kwama-neurons endaweni ebonakalayo, eyavula ama-neurons we-forebrain engxenyeni yesekhondi.
Uma ososayensi besusa isiza nge-memory neurons, izinhlanzi azikwazanga ukugcina ngekhanda okuqhubekayo. Bebesaba i-diode eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokushesha ngemuva kokushaywa ugesi, kepha abakwenzanga lokho ngemuva kwamahora angama-24.
Futhi, ososayensi bezinto eziphilayo baseJapan bathole ukuthi uma inhlanzi iphinda yaqeqeshwa, inkumbulo yayo yesikhathi eside iyashintshwa, ingaphinde yakhiwe.
Inkumbulo yezinhlanzi njengethuluzi lokusinda
Kuyinkumbulo evumela izinhlanzi (ikakhulukazi lezo ezihlala emadamini emvelo) ukuthi zivumelane nezwe elibazungezile futhi ziqhubeke nomjaho wazo.
Imininingwane izinhlanzi ezikhumbulayo:
- Izindawo ezinokudla okunothile.
- Izithiyo nezithiyo.
- Ukuqondiswa kwemisinga nokushisa kwamanzi.
- Izindawo ezingaba nobungozi.
- Izitha zemvelo nabangane.
- Izindawo zokuhlala ubusuku bonke.
- Izinkathi Zonyaka.
Inkumbulo yezinhlanzi imizuzwana emi-3 noma imemori yezinhlanzi engakanani
Awusoze wayizwa le mqondo yamanga evela kuchthyologist noma umdobi, ovame ukubamba ulwandle nomfula "ama-long livers", okuphila kwawo isikhathi eside kunikezwa inkumbulo yesikhathi eside eqinile.
Inhlanzi igcina inkumbulo ngokungena nokuphuma ebusika. Ngakho-ke, i-carp ikhetha ukuhlala ebusika endaweni efanayo, eyayitholwe yibo phambilini.
I-bream ebanjiwe, uma imakwe futhi yakhishwa kancane ngenhla noma ezansi nomfula, nakanjani izobuyela endaweni ehehisiwe.
Impunzi ehlala emihlambini ikhumbula abangane bayo. ICarps ikhombisa isimilo esifanayo, iphambukela emiphakathini esondelene (isuka kubantu ababili iye emashumini amaningi). Sekuyiminyaka iqembu elinjalo lihola indlela yokuphila efanayo: bebabili bathola ukudla, babhukuda ohlangothini olufanayo, balale.
U-Asp uhlala ehamba ngomzila owodwa futhi uzondla "ngeyakhe", uma esekhethwe indawo yakhe.
Ukuhlolwa ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zomhlaba
Ukuthola ukuthi inhlanzi inenkumbulo, izazi zezinto eziphilayo zafika esiphethweni sokuthi izakhamizi zamanzi ziyakwazi ukukhiqiza izithombe ezihlanganayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinhlanzi zinikezwe inkumbulo yesikhashana esifushane (esekwe kumkhuba) nesikhathi eside (kufaka phakathi izinkumbulo).
ICharles Sturt University (Australia)
Abaphenyi babefuna ubufakazi bokuthi inhlanzi inenkumbulo eqinile kakhulu kunalokho okucatshangwa ngokujwayelekile. Indima yokulinga yadlalwa yi-croaker enesihlabathi ehlala emizimbeni yamanzi amasha. Kwavela ukuthi inhlanzi yakhumbula futhi yafaka amaqhinga ahlukene, izingela izinhlobo ezi-2 zempango yayo, futhi yakhumbula nezinyanga ukuthi yahlangana kanjani nomzingeli.
Imemori emfushane enhlanzini (engadluli imizuzwana embalwa) nayo ayizange iphikiswe ngokuzama. Ababhali babheke ukuthi ubuchopho bezinhlanzi bugcina imininingwane kuze kube yiminyaka emithathu.
U-Israyeli
Ososayensi bakwa-Israel batshele umhlaba ukuthi inhlanzi egolide ikhumbula okwenzekile (okungenani) ezinyangeni ezinhlanu ezedlule. Izinhlanzi zondliwe e-aquarium, zihambisana nomculo ngezipikha ezingaphansi kwamanzi.
Ngemuva kwenyanga, abathandi bomculo badedelwa olwandle oluvulekile, kepha baqhubeka nokusakaza izingoma ezimemezela ukuqala kokudla: izinhlanzi ngokulalela zabhukuda zaya emisindweni ejwayelekile.
Ngendlela, izivivinyo zangaphambilini ezifakazele ukuthi i-goldfish ihlukanisa abaqambi futhi ngeke idideke iStravinsky neBach.
E-Northern Ireland
Kwasungulwa lapha ukuthi izinhlanzi zegolide zikhumbula ubuhlungu. Ngokufanisa nozakwabo baseJapan, izazi zebhayoloji zaseNyakatho ye-Ireland zakhuthaza izakhamuzi zase-aquarium ngamandla kagesi abuthakathaka uma zibhukuda zaya endaweni engavunyelwe.
Abaphenyi bathole ukuthi inhlanzi ikhumbula umkhakha lapho izwa khona ubuhlungu futhi ayibhukudi lapho okungenani usuku.
ECanada
IMacEwan University ibeke ama-cichlids ase-Afrika emanzini futhi yafaka ukudla endaweni eyodwa izinsuku ezintathu. Ngemuva kwalokho izinhlanzi zayiswa kwesinye isitsha, ezihlukile ngesimo nangevolumu. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-12, babuyiselwa e-aquarium yokuqala futhi baqaphela ukuthi yize kunekhefu elide, izinhlanzi ziyahlangana engxenyeni ye-aquarium lapho zinikezwe khona ukudla.
AbaseCanada banikeze impendulo yabo embuzweni wokuthi inhlanzi inenkumbulo engakanani. Ngokubona kwabo, ama-cichlids agcina izinkumbulo, kufaka phakathi indawo yokondla, okungenani izinsuku eziyi-12.
Futhi futhi ... Australia
Umfundi oneminyaka engu-15 wase-Adelaide uzibophezele ekuvuseleleni amandla engqondo ezinhlanzi zegolide.
URorau Stokes wehlise ama-beacon akhethekile e-aquarium, futhi ngemuva kwemizuzwana eyi-13 wathela ukudla kule ndawo. Ezinsukwini zokuqala, izakhamizi ze-aquarium zazicabanga cishe umzuzu, bese zibhukuda ziye emaki. Ngemuva kwamasonto amathathu okuqeqeshwa, babeseduze nomaki ngaphansi kwemizuzwana emi-5.
Umaki akazange avele e-aquarium izinsuku eziyisithupha. Ngokumbona ngosuku lwesikhombisa, inhlanzi yaqopha umlando, isondele ngemizuzwana engu-4.4. Umsebenzi kaStokes ukhombise amakhono enkumbulo amahle enhlanzi.
Lokhu nokunye ukuhlolwa kukhombisile ukuthi izivakashi ze-aquarium zinga:
- qopha isikhathi sokudla;
- khumbula indawo yokudla;
- ukuhlukanisa okondla abanye abantu;
- baqonde "abahlala ndawonye" abasha nabadala e-aquarium;
- khumbula imizwa engemihle futhi uyigweme;
- phendula imisindo uhlukanise phakathi kwayo.
Isifinyezo - izinhlanzi eziningi, njengabantu, zikhumbula izehlakalo ezibalulekile zezimpilo zazo isikhathi eside kakhulu. Futhi ucwaningo olusha lokuxhasa le mbono ngeke luze lude.
