Imikhuba yobuholi, exhaswa ukuzethemba okungenakunyakaziswa, ukuzidela nesibindi - akumangazi ukuthi abalimi ngothando babiza iSpitz yabo yaseJalimane, abanikezwe ngokugcwele lezi zimfanelo, "amaNapoleon".
Izinga elijwayelekile
Yavunywa yi-FCI ngoJanuwari 2013. Uhlobo lolo lubonakala ngokusebenza kwangaphandle okufanayo, yize kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo.
I-spitz egijima nge-leash ibukeka njengebhola loboya, lapho kuphuma khona ikhala, izindlebe nemilenze. Uma ubheka ngaphakathi kwebhola, ungabona ukwakheka kwenja okuhambisanayo.
- I-Spitz yaseJalimane inenhloko esesilinganisweni esiphakathi, ebanzi ngemuva futhi ithinta ngokushelela maqondana nekhala, eligcina nge-lobe encane emnyama. Kungaba nsundu ngejazi elinsundu.
- Amehlo azungezwe kancane noma ayindilinga, atshekile kancane, ane-iris emnyama nezinkophe ezimnyama / ezinsundu.
- Izindlebe zimile, zikhombe, zibekwe phezulu. Inja inemihlathi emile kahle, intamo ebanzi kanye ne-convex scruff.
- Uhlobo luhlukaniswa yi-croup emfushane, isisu esishubile nesifuba esijulile esinesigaba sangaphambili esiveziwe.
- ISpitz inamathambo aqinile nezitho ezinemisipha emihle enezidladla eziyindilinga namaphakethe aqinile.
- Umsila ogobekile futhi oguquguqukayo, ovame ukuphela endandeni ephindwe kabili, useduze ngemuva.
- Ijazi elide futhi eliqondile lisekelwa yibhantshi elincane eliminyene. Ikhola lifana nomhlwenga wengonyama. Ibhantshi elijiyile lisemzimbeni futhi lingaphambili (emuva). Ijazi elifushane elihlanganisiwe liyabonakala ekhanda naphambi kwezitho.
Bala ngokuphakama!
Kunezinhlobo ezinhlanu zokukhula zohlobo, ngakunye okuvunyelwe ukukhetha okuhlukile kombala.
- Umbala ompunga wendawo ujwayelekile ezinjeni ezinkulu kakhulu, ezibizwa ngokuthi bongiwe (elinye igama keeshond). Ukukhula kwawo kusuka ku-43 kuye ku-55 cm.
- Okumnyama, okumhlophe kanye nsundu kwamukelekile ntombifuthi (iSpitz enkulu), ekhula ize ifike ku-42 - 50 cm.
- UMittelspitz (i-spitz emaphakathi), ubude bayo bufinyelela phakathi kwesikhawu esingama-30 - 38 cm, singafakwa imibala ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi omnyama, owolintshi, omhlophe, ompunga wezoni, onsundu neminye imibala.
- Kleinspitz noma i-spitz encane, emakwe ukuphakama okulingene ekubuneni (23 - 29 cm), nayo iyakwazi ukujabulisa umnikazi ngemibala ehlukahlukene.
- Imibala eminingi ivunyelwe futhi i-spitz encane (i-spitz encane noma amawolintshi) - omhlophe, owolintshi, onsundu, omnyama, ompunga wezoni nabanye. Lawa angabameleli ababumbene kakhulu bohlobo, ukuphakama kwalo ekubuneni kufinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-18 - 22. Ukukhula okuncane kubhekwa njengomshado.
Ngayinye yezinhlobo ezinhlanu ze-German Spitz, kunqunywa isisindo, kuya ngobude.
I-Spitz emsulwa enezinwele ezimhlophe izobiza okungaphezulu kakhulu kozakwabo abanombala ohlukile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuba yinkimbinkimbi komsebenzi wokuzalanisa "amaNapoleon" amhlophe njengeqhwa.
Umlingiswa waseJalimane we-Spitz
Izinja ezincane ze-perky beziphakathi kwezintandokazi zobuhlakani nababusi, kufaka phakathi uMichelangelo Buonarroti, uCatherine II noMozart.
Mhlawumbe abantu abakhulu, njengabathandi bakaSpitz banamuhla, ababazisanga ngobuhle babo kuphela, kodwa, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ngekhono labo lokuzwelana, ukwethembeka kanye nesibindi esingenakuqhathaniswa.
USpitz ungumngane omuhle kakhulu: ugcwele izintshisekelo zomnikazi futhi abune kude naye. Isilwane sikulungele ukubekezelela noma yibuphi ubunzima bohambo olude, ukuze nje singahlukaniswa nomnikazi. Uma owokugcina esengozini, abakwaSpitz bazogijimela ngesibindi kwezokuvikela, bangabunaki ubukhulu besitha.
USpitz akanamahloni ngezinja ezinkulu: uzogijimela nazo empini engalingani, evikela umndeni wakho.
Leli bhola eliyindilinga lingakhonkotha kakhulu, kepha uma ufuna, ungalikhipha kalula kulo mkhuba (ongathandeki komakhelwane). Ngenxa yozwela azalwa nalo, uzobonisa ukusabela okuvumayo.
Ukuze inja ikhule iphilile futhi izolile, idinga ukuhamba njalo, ukuzibandakanya emidlalweni yangaphandle. Ungakhohlwa ukuyigcina iqhume eduze kwemigwaqo ukuze iSpitz ingabi yisisulu selukuluku layo.
Ukugcina iSpitz yaseJalimane ekhaya
Isilwane esifuywayo siyayibona imizwa yomndeni futhi siziphathe ngokuhambisana nayo, sikhombise isimo esivumayo nesinothando.
USpitz angalinda buthule amahora ukuthi umnikazi avuke, futhi akhale kamunyu uma emnqabela yedwa efulethini elikhulu. I-Spitz efana namazinyane amabhere amancane iyathandwa yizingane ezifundiswa ukudlala ngokucophelela nalezi zinja: ungazibambi izidladla, ungadonsi umsila nezinwele ezinde, ungafaki amadolo nezindawo eziphakeme ukuze isilwane singalimali lapho sigxuma.
Uhlobo kulula ukuluqeqesha. Ngokushesha uSpitz ufunda amaqhinga amasha, akhuthazwa ukunaka kwenkosi nokudumisa. Lapho uqeqesha inja, qeda ukumemeza nokujezisa: ngale ndlela ngeke uphumelele ekuqeqesheni, kepha uphazamise ingqondo yenja.
Ilukuluku yemvelo nokuzijabulisa kuvumela abakwaSpitz ukuthola kalula ulimi oluvamile nezinye izilwane ezifuywayo. Vele uqaphele ukuthi ungalimali ngamakati angenabungani noma uzame ukulawula izinja ezinkulu.
Umlando
Umlando wohlobo oludala kakhulu lwe-Central Europe luhlehlela emuva eminyakeni engaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezimbili no-2,5, kusuka enjeni yokuqala eyayibizwa nge-peat dog eyavela ku-Stone Age.
Inja yabampofu
Nge-Renaissance, ubukhulu beSpitz yaseJalimane, kufaka phakathi ukuphakama nesisindo, kwehle kancane kancane ngama-2-3: ubufakazi obucacile balokhu yimidwebo yezinja ezitsheni zakudala nakumathebulethi.
Ekuqaleni, izinja ezincanyana zazihlala emapulazini ampofu, zibaqaphe ngentshiseko yezinja ezinkulu futhi ziqhathanise kahle nalezi zakamuva ekumemeni kwazo okuncane.
Ngemuva kwesikhashana, isifiso esinqunyelwe se-spitz, kuhambisana nezimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu zokubheka izinogada, saziswa umugqa ochuma kakhudlwana, ophoqa izinja ukuthi zigade izindawo namasimu, zixoshe izilwane ezidla ezinye emfuyweni futhi zihambisane nabelusi.
Inja yabacebile
Izicukuthwane zabona iSpitz kuphela ngekhulu le-18. Ekuqaleni lokhu kwenzeka eJalimane, lapho isifunda ngasinye sazala khona uhlobo lwaso lweSpitz, olwawela emkhakheni wokubuka wezicukuthwane zaseYurophu.
USpitz uzinze eYurophu: okwakudume kakhulu kwakungumdlwane omhlophe, ongathandwa kangako - onsundu nowolintshi.
Ngekhulu le-19, lolu hlobo lwalusungene e-United States, lapho kwasungulwa khona i-English Spitz Club, futhi kwaqala ukuboniswa. Izinga lokuqala lokuzalisa lavunywa ngo-1891. Izinja zahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili: eyokuqala, eyayihlanganisa izilwane ezinesisindo esifinyelela ku-2,5 kg, kanti eyesibili - yeSpitz enesisindo esidlula ku-2,5 kg.
Namuhla, i-Pomeranian spitz etholwe e-United States ithathwa njengesihamba phambili emhlabeni.
ERussia
Ezweni lakithi, uSpitz wabonwa ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka ngaphambi kwangaphambilini. Abantu abenza kahle babebandakanyeka ekuzaleni kwabo, ngenxa yalokho "ama-napoleon" abalwa phakathi kwezimfanelo zokunethezeka kobunxiwankulu. Esifundazweni ngasinye, izinja ze-spitz zazalelwa izici zesici ngaphandle nasekuziphatheni.
Ekuqaleni kwekhulu elidlule, lolu hlobo lwaluvele luhlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu, futhi imibukiso yayiqhutshelwa emadolobheni amakhulu aseRussia, lapho kwabamba iqhaza khona cishe ama-50 Spitz aseJalimane.
Inani lohlobo lathinteka kabi ezimpini zomhlaba zangekhulu elidlule. Manje iSpitz iphinde ijabule ngokwengeziwe phakathi kwabathengi nabafuyi, okuchazwa ngokuvela kwabantu eRussia abahlangabezana nezindinganiso zomhlaba wonke.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Spitz yaseJalimane
Uma inja inakekelwa kahle futhi idla ngokudla okunempilo, izophila okungenani iminyaka eyi-15 mhlawumbe neminyaka engama-20. Kusukela ezinyangeni ezimbili, isilwane sifundiswa ukuhamba emoyeni omusha imizuzu eyi-15-20, sikhulisa kancane kancane isikhathi.
Iphuzu elibuthakathaka likaSpitz ngamazinyo akhe. Kubo kanye nasezinsinini, ukuze ugweme isifo se-periodontal, kubalulekile ukuqapha, ukuhlanza njalo ngebhulashi elikhethekile nokunamathisela.
Umdlwane kufanele ujwayele ukuxubha amazinyo, ukugeza izidladla, izinqubo zamanzi nokukama kusukela usemncane.
Ukuhlanganisa
Ngokuzilungisa okuhlelekile koboya, abukho endlini. Ukuhlanganisa, sebenzisa ikama elikhethekile nebhulashi. Owokuqala uyadingeka ukususa amabhola abophelekile woboya nameva abambelela ekuhambeni.
Ikama libuye lisize ekuhlanzeni izinwele, linikeze isilwane isikhalazo esikhethekile.
Ibhulashi lisetshenziswa nsuku zonke, ukuxubha inja ngemuva / esifubeni futhi kuya phambili: ukusheshisa ukukhwabanisa, izinwele zihlukaniswe imicu.
Umsila, oqala esisekelweni, ukhishwa ekugcineni. Ingubo yangaphansi idinga ukukhishwa kuphela ngesikhathi sokuchitha.
Ukugunda izinwele
Ijazi lalezi zinja (ikakhulukazi i-wolfspitz) alinawo iphunga elibi lenja, futhi ukugundwa kwazo kwenziwa ukuze kungoni ukubukeka kwazo.
Ukucheba (kanye ngesonto) kunconywa ukuthi kususwe iziqubu zezinwele futhi kugcinwe ukubukeka okuhle kwesilwane.
Ukunakekelwa okusondele kukhokhelwa ukucubungula kwezindlebe. Sebenzisa izikele ezincane zezipikili ukusika okuphephile. Izinwele ezinde kuma-auricles ziyakhishwa.
Ukugcina ubuhle bayo bukanokusho, umsila awunqanyulwa. Kuzidladla, kunqunywa amabhola abambene, anciphise kancane izingxenye ezingemuva neziseceleni.
Ukuwasha nokuhamba ngezinyawo
Abanikazi abaqaphe ngokweqile beJalimane Spitz bayakwazi ukuhlukumeza izilwane zabo ngezinqubo zokugeza zansuku zonke. Eqinisweni, inja iyagezwa uma ilungiselela umbukiso noma ingcolile impela.
Ngemuva kokugeza, uboya bomiswa ngokuqinile ngethawula, bese kuhanjiswa umfudlana womoya ofudumele kusuka kokomisa izinwele.
Inkomba ebalulekile yokuzilungisa i-pedicure ecocekile, eyenziwa njalo ezinyangeni ezi-2: izipikili ezinde zigundiwe nge-nail clipper, zigaya ekugcineni nefayela.
Ukondla
Umdlwane uphakelwa kathathu - kane ngosuku, inja endala - amahlandla ama-2 ngosuku. Ukudla kunikezwa ngasikhathi sinye, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi isilwane sikudla ngaphandle kokulandela.
Uma ukudla kuhlala esitsheni ekupheleni kwesidlo, nciphisa umthamo. Ukukhotha isitsha kusebenza njengesiginali ukukhulisa ingxenye eyodwa.
Imikhiqizo enconyelwe i-German Spitz:
- Inyama eluhlaza futhi ebilisiwe (iwundlu, inyama yenkomo, inyama yamahhashi nezinkukhu).
- Imikhiqizo yobisi evutshiwe, kufaka phakathi i-cottage shizi.
- Amaqanda.
- Izithelo nemifino.
Amavithamini namaminerali anikezwa ngemuva kokubonisana nodokotela wezilwane.
Indlu yangasese
Uma ungenalo ithuba lokuthatha inja yakho uyikhiphele ngaphandle kaningi, uyiqeqeshe iye ebhokisini lodoti wenja. ISpitz ihlanzeke ngokwedlulele futhi iyaqonda masinyane ukuthi ithreyi yenzelwe ini.
Into esemqoka ukungathobisi noma ukuthethisa umdlwane. Vumela umusa wakho ube yindlela eyinhloko yokumkhulisa.
Ungayithenga kuphi iSpitz yaseJalimane
IGerman Spitz ayisiyivelakancane phesheya kwezilwandle, ngakho-ke ungathenga umdlwane ezandleni uma udinga umngane, hhayi iphepha eliqinisekisa imvelaphi yalo ephezulu. Kulokhu, uzogcina ngaphakathi kwenani elingaphansi kwama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-25.
ERussia (ngisho nasemadolobheni amakhulu nasemadolobhaneni) kunezinqwaba zezinkukhu ezithengisa iSpitz engaxutshiwe ngentengo yama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-30-45. Ngezinja ezinjalo akulona ihlazo ukuvela emincintiswaneni yezinja nasemibukisweni.
Uma ufuna ukuba ngumfuyi we-Spitz waseJalimane, lungiselela okungenani ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-45 ukuze uthenge umdlwane onedatha yozalo oyisibonelo nozalo olungenasici.
