Ngabe ufuna ingane yakho ingahlali usuku lonke kumakhompyutha, ama-iPhones namaphilisi? Kulula kakhulu - uthole kuye isilwane - "cute". Hhayi inja noma ikati, kodwa unogwaja wemvu osemncane onamaqhubu. Lezi zilwane ezinhle, ezihlekisayo, nezithakazelisayo ngeke zivumele izingane zikhathazeke, futhi zizokunikeza injabulo enkulu.
Ngokwemvelo, onogwaja abahle, abanobuhlalu abanazo izici ezifanayo namawundlu, noma kunjalo, lezi zilwane zathola igama lazo "inqama enamalebe" ngenxa yekhanda lazo elikhulu, elifushane elinebunzi elibanzi kancane. Lolu hlobo luthandwa yibo bonke abafuyi nabanikazi abagcina le mivundla ehlekisayo emakhaya. Izilwane ezizolile ngokweqile, ezihlakaniphile nezithobekile ziye zanqoba ngaphezu kwenhliziyo yengane eyodwa. Inqama efakwa endlebeni emfishane iyisilwane esinobungane kakhulu, futhi, ngokushesha ijwayela umnikazi wayo, futhi kuze kube sekupheleni kwezinsuku ihlala ithembekile kuye njengenja. Unogwaja uyasebenza usuku lonke, uthanda ukudlala futhi azijabulise njengekati.
Umlando wokuzala
Onogwaja abanezindlebe, izici zesifonyo, ezicishe zifane nekhanda lenqama, zichazwe emibhalweni yakhe yisazi semvelo nososayensi uCharles Darwin. Usosayensi wayehambe kakhulu impilo yakhe yonke, futhi izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa wahlangana nonogwaja abathandekayo abanezindlebe eziwayo. Kwenye yezincwadi zakhe "Changes in Domestic Animals ..." UDarwin usanda kuqaphela izinqama ezinamahlombe, izindlebe zazo zinde kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwabanye abantu, izindlebe ezinesimo esibanzi: zibangele ushintsho kwamanye amathambo ogebhezi konogwaja.
Ngemuva kokuthi onogwaja baseFrance abanamaqhuqhuva bathandana nohlobo oluthile lonogwaja, kusukela ngekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalombili kwaqala ukuvela inzalo ehlekisayo kanogwaja abancane - izinqama ezinamaqhuqhuva. Ngemuva kwaloko, bologwaja labangema homozygous lop-eared basabalalela emhlabeni wonkhe, batfola lutfo lwetimphawu tebuso "bembundlu" lobutsandzekako babo.
Izinhlobo zokuqala zemifino zonogwaja-amawundlu zazalwa abafuyi baseDashi ngo-1950, ezazifuna ukuwela onogwaja abavamile "izinqama zaseFrance" ezinogwaja abancane. Eminyakeni emibili kamuva, umhlaba wezwa ngohlobo olusha, olunentshisekelo lonogwaja, ngemuva kwalokho amawundlu anamaqhuqhuva aqala ukunqoba ngokushesha amazwe aseYurophu. Kuyadabukisa ukuthi lolu hlobo lwaziwa eRussia kuphela ngo-1997. Kwathi-ke, emadolobheni amakhulu aseRussia kuphela, kwaqala ukuvela izizukulwane zalolu hlobo lonogwaja, ngenkathi emadolobheni amaningi ase-Europe nase-United States phakathi nale minyaka, izinqama ezinamaphiko ahlanganisiwe zazivele zikhuliswe ngamandla amakhulu.
Incazelo ye- "lop-eared ram rabbit"
Izinhlobo zokuhlobisa zezinqama ezinama-lop-eared ezinomthethosisekelo othakazelisa kakhulu. Isifuba sonogwaja abancane sibanzi, isimo somzimba siyindilinga, nentamo imfishane. Ngasikhathi sinye, ingemuva lekhanda ezilwaneni liqinile, nebunzi liyi-convex. Ingemuva lomzimba liyindilinga, amehlo makhulu futhi abucayi, izihlathi zikhuluphele, umsila mncane. Zonke lezi zimpawu zangaphandle zikanogwaja zenza kube yinhle kangaka.
Izinqama ezinamaqhubu zivamise ukukhonjiswa emibukisweni ehlukahlukene yasekhaya neyakwamanye amazwe. Kodwa-ke, uma onogwaja abancane beba nesisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu amabili, abavunyelwe kwimibukiso. Mayelana nomehluko wokwakheka phakathi kwendoda nowesifazane ngokufana, owokugcina untula amazolo futhi mkhulu kunabesilisa.
Onogwaja abahle abanamaqhuqhuva banezindlebe ezinde kakhulu. Lokhu mhlawumbe ukukhanga kwabo okubaluleke kakhulu. Kubantu abadala, izindlebe zingafinyelela kumasentimitha angamashumi amabili nanhlanu. Zombili izindlebe zalesi silwane zilenga phansi ekhanda futhi zicindezelwe kakhulu kuso. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ukuma kwezindlebe zalolu hlobo lonogwaja kufana nezicathulo zamahhashi, ngoba i-auricle iphendukele ngaphakathi. Kuzeluleko, izindlebe ezilengayo ziyindilinga kancane, isisekelo sezindlebe sijiyile, sifana nomqhele wobukhosi omi kahle.
Kuyathakazelisa! Onogwaja bokuhlobisa abanamaqhubu abazalwa nezindlebe ezilenga. Ziyama lapho kuzalwa. Kepha ngemuva kwesikhashana, izindlebe zezingane ziyawa, bese kungenzeki masinyane, kepha ngezigaba eziningana, zize zifinyelele kubude bazo obujwayelekile "bokulenga". Lokhu kwenzeka cishe ezinyangeni ezintathu.
Onogwaja abanamaqhubu anengubo ethambile kakhulu, abushelelezi, bathambile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uboya bezinqama ezinama-lop-ered buhlukile ngayinye, futhi umbala uyaheha. Ingubo enezinwele ezinde eningi iyimpungushe noma i-angora. Umbala wejazi umhlophe ngombala omnyama, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kwesinye isikhathi unenhlanganisela ehlukile, njenge-chinchilla, i-sable, ophuzi, noma i-opal. Futhi kufuywe izinqama ezincane ezinezinwele ezimfushane, ezinamakhanda ezingonyama.
Ukunakekelwa konogwaja abanamaqhubu
Onogwaja abanezindlebe, njengabalingani babo, bangamagundane angempela, ngakho-ke isikhathi eside bazogijimela endlini noma ehokweni ngethemba lokufuna okuthile. Njalo qiniseka ukuthi azikho izintambo ezivela ezintweni ezisetshenzisiwe ezisakazeke phansi. Noma yini engasuswa kuma-electrics, ibekwe kude ibanga eliphephile, uma kungenjalo ubhontshisi wakho oyintandokazi ungathola ukushaqeka ngogesi.
Ekwakhiweni kwendlu yenqama kanogwaja onama-lop-eared, noma yiliphi ikheji elibanzi lilungile, kepha ukuze lamukeleke ngokuphelele esilwaneni:
- Ihhoko kufanele libe libanzi futhi likhululeke, lilinganiswe ngo-0.5 ngamamitha angu-0.7, cishe.
- Endlini yezilwane, yakha enye indlu lapho isilwane singacasha khona, uma kunesidingo, nalapho unogwaja ophephuka khona ezwe kahle.
- Indlu kanogwaja akumele ime ohlakeni, kepha kufanele kube nomoya omuhle nxazonke zayo, futhi nendawo uqobo kufanele ikhanyiswe kahle, kusukela phakathi kwegumbi kanye nemithombo yangaphandle yokukhanya.
- Izinqama ezinamaqhuqhuva yizilwane ezihlanzeke kakhulu, ngakho-ke ngokokuqala ngqa lapho uzifaka khona ehokweni, qiniseka ukuthi zifuna ukuyothulula kuphi. Beka ithileyi lapho. Uma ikheji lincane, ungathenga ithileyi elikhethekile elingunxantathu, elizongena ekhoneni.
- Uma uthathe umvundla omncane wangena nawo endlini, okuthi njalo uma ugxuma udlale, kungcono ukulungisa isitsha sokuphuza esinamanzi ngaphakathi kwesibaya ukuze unogwaja angawubambi. Ukudla kwesilwane esifuywayo kungafakwa ezitsheni ezisindayo. Kungcono ukuthenga ipuleti ye-ceramic ngezinjongo ezinjalo. Unogwaja wakhe ngeke uphenduke, futhi ngeke alume uma kungazelelwe amazinyo akhe esencane.
- Musa ukugcina isilwane esibayeni usuku lonke, uma kungenjalo imilenze yaso iyoba ndikindiki. Mayihambe izungeze indlu amahora ambalwa.
Uyondla kanjani inqama enamaqhuqhuva
Ukudla okuyinhloko ngenqama kanogwaja onamaqhuqhuva kusanhlamvu notshani obomile. Akunconywa ukuthi unikeze onogwaja imifino notshani kuze kube izinyanga eziyisithupha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, awukwazi ukunikeza imifino eluhlaza engamane ingane ingakwazi ukugaya kahle. Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, ngenisa ngokuthula imifino nezithelo ekudleni kwakhe kwansuku zonke, amakhambi enziwe ngamakhambi kanye namakhambi amasha nawo ayamukeleka. Utshani obomile kumele bugcinwe ehhokweni ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngoba utshani balesi silwane budlala indima ebalulekile ekukhuleni kwaso okunempilo.
Ama-oats nokolweni kufanelekile njengokondla unogwaja onamaqhuqhuva, kodwa kuphela ngemithamo emincane. Ungalokothi unikeze izingane ukuphuza ubisi noma udle inyama nganoma yiluphi uhlobo. Kungcono ukuthi onogwaja bahlale benamanzi amasha esitsheni sokuphuza, abangadonswa empompini, kodwa bemi usuku.
Indlela yokulawula
Naphezu kobungani babo, onogwaja abaningi bayizidalwa eziqhoshayo. Bakholelwa ukuthi bangakwazi ukubhekana nakho konke okubazungezile, ngakho-ke abakuthandi ukuthathwa noma ukufundiswa. Yenza lokhu: vula isibaya, udedele unogwaja umlandele. Uma unogwaja engafuni ukushiya indawo yakhe yokuhlala, kusho ukuthi wesaba kakhulu, ngakho ikheji lakhe manje selisebenza njengendlu yomqaphi.
Ufuna ukubona ukuthi unogwaja ovalelwe ikheji uqhuba kanjani? Hamba kuye ngokucophelela. Uma isilwane sifuna, sizophuma sisondele kuwe. Ukuze unogwaja akwethembe, ngaso sonke isikhathi uye kuye ngesinambuzane esiphundu. Uma unogwaja ethukuthele kakhulu, ehlose ukukuluma, ungamshayi, kepha cindezela kancane ikhanda lakhe phansi: ngale ndlela uzoqonda ukuthi nguwe umphathi wendlu ahlala kuyo. Ngokwemvelo yabo, onogwaja abakubekezeleli ukubangisana, ngakho-ke bavele bagxumele phezu kwabo "isivakashi" sabo ngemuva, ngaleyo ndlela bakhombise ukuthi uyena ophethe lapha.
Kuyathakazelisa! Kunzima kakhulu ukuxhumana nenqama enamaqhuqhuva. Kunjengokungathi ukhuluma nengane encane, uzama ukuyichazela okuthile, kodwa yona ayilaleli. Ungazami ukusho okuthile esilwaneni ngokukhala nangokuthukuthela, ngethoni ehlelekile. Hlala ngokuthula eduze kwakhe, ukhulume naye ngokuthula futhi ngaphandle kokuthinta imizwa. Ngakho-ke isilwane sizokuzwa nakanjani.
Unogwaja udinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Kufanele asike izinzipho zakhe lapho kudingeka. Ukwenza kube lula ukunakekela izinzipho zesilwane, thenga udlawana olukhethekile oluzokuvimbela ukuthi ungathinti ngephutha isikebhe esidladleni sesilwane.
Gada indlela ozizwa ngayo unogwaja wakho. Uma edlala, egxuma, usebenza kakhulu, khona-ke konke kuhamba kahle ngaye. Kodwa-ke, uma isilwane singafuni ukudla noma yini isikhathi eside, sihlala esibayeni futhi silala njalo, futhi uboya baso sebufiphele, isilwane sakho siyagula.
Unogwaja uyagula, wenzeni
Ezinye izifo zonogwaja ziyaboniswa izimpawu ezinjalo:
- Uboya bukanogwaja buyayeka ukucwebezela, bubukeka bungenampilo.
- Isilwane asidli lutho, asibheki ngisho notshani baso obuthandekayo nezinhlamvu.
- Unogwaja onamaqhuqhuva akanandaba nanoma yini, akanaki lutho, nanoma ngubani.
- Isilwane sinezinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu.
Uma isilwane sakho sinazo zonke lezi zimpawu ezibalwe ngenhla, kufanele-ke kunalokho thintana emtholampilo wezilwane oseduzane.
Ukwenza isilwane sizole kancane, futhi singanyakazisi kusuka emazingeni okushisa, faka iqhwa lisongwe ngendwangu ezindlebeni zikanogwaja.
Ukuze uvikele ukugula kwesilwane sakho osithandayo, hlala umqaphile, gcina ikheji lihlanzekile, ungamshiyi yedwa isikhathi eside. Lapho-ke isilwane sizokuphendula ngothando nangokuzinikela.
Ukuzala kwamawundlu-onogwaja abathandekayo
Ukuzalela onogwaja abancane abanamaqhubu ngeke kube nzima kunoma ngubani kini. Onogwaja sebengazala ngokuphepha, kusukela ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ubudala. Kususwe okukodwa - Izinqama ezinamaqhubu azivundile kakhulu. Ngesikhathi, unogwaja wesifazane angaletha izingane eziyisikhombisa ngokwengeziwe.
Kodwa-ke, lapho unogwaja ekhulelwa nje, zama ukumnikeza ukunakekelwa okuphelele. Gcina amaseli akho ehlanzekile futhi adle ukudla okunomsoco ocebile ngamaprotheni namaprotheni. Abomama-onogwaja abanomsoco, abanakekelayo badinga ukuhlanzeka, amanzi ahlanzekile, iqanda elibilisiwe kanzima kanye ne-cottage shizi eyenziwe ekhaya elinamafutha aphansi kanye ngosuku. Futhi, ungaphazamisi kakhulu isilwane uma ufuna unogwaja ondle amawundlu akhe isikhathi eside.
Ungawuthenga kanjani unogwaja omuhle ophekiwe
Ufuna ukuthenga inqama enempilo, emnandi nenobungane? Cabanga ngala macebiso alandelayo:
- Musa ukuthenga onogwaja abanamaqhubu ezandleni zakho, ngaphandle kokuba khona kwemibhalo efanele. Abafuyi kuphela abanikela ukuthenga uhlobo lwangempela lonogwaja abancane.
- Ngaphambi kokuthenga igundane, qaphela indlela eliziphatha ngayo. Unogwaja onamahloni akukufanele ukuthenga, awusoze washiya ikheji lakho.
- Amehlo, ikhala, isifonyo sesilwane kufanele kuhlanzeke, nesisu sesilwane esizayo kufanele sibushelelezi.
- Kunogwaja onempilo, izinwele zisatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo emzimbeni. Uphilile ngemuva kwezindlebe nasemhlane. Kuyakhanya. Uma uthola izindawo ezincane ezinempandla, kusho ukuthi unogwaja uyancibilika, kungcono ungawathengi manje.
- Bheka kahle izitho zangasese zesilwane, ngisho nesilonda esincane noma ubomvu akufanele kube khona kuzo.
Amanani onogwaja
Izinqama ezijwayelekile ezinamazenga amancane zithengiswa namuhla ngentengo yama-ruble ayinkulungwane. Onogwaja bokuzalisa lolu hlobo seluthengisiwe ngama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezimbili nangaphezulu, kuya ngama-subspecies. Izinhlobo ezikhuliswe ngokukhethekile zezinqama ezinama-lop-eared zemibukiso zingathengwa ngama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezintathu noma ezine.
Kodwa unogwaja waseDashi wenqama enamalebe angenamaphepha angathengwa esitolo sezilwane ngama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezimbili, kanti izilwane zalolu hlobo oluthile nazo zonke izincwadi ezihambisana nazo zithengiswa kusuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyisishiyagalombili.
