Icilongo elimpunga (i-Psophia crepitans) lingele-oda elinjenge-crane, isigaba sezinyoni. Igama elithile lakhiwa ngenxa yokukhala kwecilongo okunomsindo okwakhishwa ngabesilisa, ngemuva kwalokho uqhwaku lukhipha isigubhu.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zecilongo elisekwe mpunga
Icilongo elisekwe mpunga liyafana nokubukeka kwabanye abameleli bezinyoni ezinjenge-crane (abelusi, ama-cranes, umhlanga kanye nama-sultans). Ubukhulu bomzimba buqhathaniswa nezinkukhu ezifuywayo futhi bufinyelela ku-42-53 cm.Isisindo somzimba sifinyelela ikhilogremu elilodwa. Ikhanda lincane entanyeni ende; amabala angenalutho angenazo izimpaphe ame azungeze amehlo. Uqhwaku lufushane, luyakhomba, ithiphu igobile. Ingemuva ligobile, umsila awude kakhulu. Ngaphandle, amacilongo abukeka njengezinyoni ezixakile nezixakile, kepha umzimba ubukeka uzacile ngamaphiko ayindilinga.
Imilenze mide, nokuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu yokunyakaza ngaphansi kombhede wehlathi kudoti oxegayo. Isici esikhethekile sigqamile - uzwane lwangemuva oluphakeme, isici se-crane-like. Izimpaphe zecilongo elisekwe mpunga zi-velvety ekhanda nasentanyeni, ezigoqeka phansi. Ingaphambili lentamo limbozwe izimpaphe ezinombala oluhlaza okotshani nge-sheen ephephuli. Izimagqabhagqabha ezinsundu ezi-rust zigijima ngemuva nangaphezulu kwamaphiko ezimpiko. Imizila engenalutho ibomvana. Uqhwaku luluhlaza noma luhlaza mpunga. Imilenze inemibala ehlukahlukene egqamile eluhlaza.
Ukusabalala kwecilongo elisekwe mpunga
Icilongo elimpunga lisatshalaliswa echibini loMfula i-Amazon, uhla luqala ukusuka endaweni yaseGuyana futhi ludlulele endaweni yamazwe angomakhelwane ezindaweni ezisenyakatho ezisuka eMfuleni i-Amazon.
Izindawo zokuhlala zecilongo elimpunga
Icilongo elimpunga lihlala emahlathini emvula ase-Amazon.
Indlela yokuphila ye-Grayback Trumpeter
Amacilongo asekelwa mpunga andiza kabi. Bathola ukudla kudoti wasehlathini, bathathe izingcezu zezithelo eziwile ngesikhathi sokudla kwezilwane ezihlala phezulu esihlahleni sehlathi - ama-howler, izinkawu ze-arachnid, opholi, ama-toucans. Izinyoni zivame ukuhamba ngemihlambi emincane yabantu abayi-10 - 20 beyofuna ukudla.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwecilongo elisekwe mpunga
Isikhathi sokuzala siqala ngaphambi kwenkathi yemvula. Indawo yesidleke ikhethwa ezinyangeni ezimbili ngaphambi kokubeka amaqanda phakathi kwezimithi eziminyene. Ngaphansi kwesidleke kufakwe imfucumfucu yezitshalo eqoqwe eduze. Owesilisa ovelele uheha insikazi ngokukhwelana ngokondla okuyisiko. Ngaso sonke isikhathi sokuzala, abesilisa bancintisana nabanye besilisa ngelungelo lokuthola owesifazane. Owesilisa ovelele, owesifazane ukhombisa ngemuva komzimba, efuna ukukhwelwa.
Abashayi bexhala banobudlelwano obukhethekile eqenjini elilodwa lezinyoni - i-polyandry yokubambisana. Umhlambi uphethwe yinsikazi, ethintana nabesilisa abaningana, futhi wonke amalungu eqembu abheka inzalo. Mhlawumbe ubudlelwano obunjalo buthuthuka ngenxa yesidingo sokudabula indawo enkulu ngokushoda kokudla ngenkathi eyomile. Ukunakekela amaphuphu kusiza ukuvikela amaphuphu ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye. Insikazi izalela amaqanda kabili noma kathathu ngonyaka. Amaqanda amathathu angcolile afukama izinsuku ezingama-27, abesifazane nabesilisa babamba iqhaza ekuchamuseleni. Amachwane ambozwe ansundu phansi ngemigqa emnyama, lokhu kufihlwa kukuvumela ukuba kuhlale kungabonakali phakathi kwezinsalela ezibolile zezitshalo ezingaphansi kombhede wehlathi. Amachwane achanyuselwa ancike ngokuphelele ezinyonini ezindala, ngokungafani nama-cranes nabelusi, abanezizukulwane zabo ezakha izinyane futhi ngokushesha zilandele abazali bazo. Ngemuva kokuncibilika, ngemuva kwamasonto ayisithupha, izinyoni ezincane zithola umbala wezimpaphe, njengabantu abadala.
Ukondla icilongo elimpunga
Amacilongo asekelwa mpunga adla izinambuzane nezithelo zezitshalo. Zikhetha izithelo ezinamanzi ngaphandle kwegobolondo elijiyile. Phakathi kwamaqabunga awile, amabhungane, umuhlwa, izintuthwane nezinye izinambuzane kuyaqoqwa, kufunwa amaqanda nezibungu.
Izici zokuziphatha kwecilongo elisekwe mpunga
Abashaya amacilongo abampunga bahlangana ngamaqembu futhi bazulazule phansi ehlathini, bahlale behlola futhi bethulula imfucumfucu yezitshalo. Ngesikhathi sesomiso, babheka indawo enkulu ngokwanele, kuthi lapho behlangana nabancintisana nabo bagijimele kwabephula umthetho, bekhala kakhulu, bevula amaphiko abo. Izinyoni ziyagxuma zihlasele izimbangi zize zixoshwe ngokuphelele endaweni ehlala kuyo.
Abashayi bamacilongo banobudlelwano bokuzithoba ezinyonini ezivelele emhlambini, okukhonjiswa ngabashayi bamacilongo ngokuqhweba nokusabalalisa amaphiko abo phambi komholi. Inyoni evelele inyakazisa nje izimpiko zayo ngokuphendula. Amacilongo amadala avame ukondla amanye amalungu omhlambi wawo, kanti inyoni eyinsikazi evelele ingafuna ukudla kwabanye abantu ngokukhala okukhethekile. Kwesinye isikhathi, abashayi bamacilongo bahlela izimpi zokubonisa, beshaya amaphiko abo phambi komuntu ancintisana naye nokuxubha.
Imvamisa izimbangi ezicatshangelwayo ziyizinto ezizungezile - itshe, inqwaba kadoti, isiphunzi somuthi.
Ebusuku, wonke umhlambi uhlala emagatsheni ezihlahla endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-9 ukusuka emhlabathini.
Ngezikhathi ezithile, izinyoni ezindala zazisa ngendawo ehlala abantu ngokukhala okukhulu okuzwakala phakathi kwamabili.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngecilongo elisekwe mpunga
AmaGreyback Trumpeter kulula ukuwathambisa. Njengezinkukhu, ziwusizo futhi zishintsha ngokuphelele izinja. Abashayi bexhala banamathele kumnikazi, bayalalela, bavikele futhi bavikele izilwane ezifuywayo ezinjeni eziphambukayo nasezilwaneni ezidla ezinye, ukulawula ukuhleleka egodini nokuqapha izinkukhu namadada afuywayo; ngisho nemihlambi yezimvu noma izimbuzi igadiwe njengezinja, ngakho-ke izinyoni ezimbili ezindala zibhekana nokuvikelwa njengenja eyodwa.
Isimo sokongiwa kwecilongo elisekwe mpunga
Icilongo elimpunga libhekwa njengesongelwa futhi lisongelwa ngokuqothulwa maduze nje, yize okwamanje lingekho esimweni esibucayi. I-IUCN iphawula isidingo sokucacisa isimo secilongo elisekwe mpunga nokushintshela kwalo esigabeni esengozini ngezikhathi ezithile ngokuya ngemibandela efana nokwehla kwamanani nokusatshalaliswa ebangeni.
