I-krait eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (i-Bungarus candidus) noma i-krait yaseMalay ingeyomndeni we-asp, i-oda elibucayi.
Ukusakaza isibaya esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
I-Blue krait isatshalaliswa ezindaweni eziningi eziseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, etholakala eningizimu ye-Indochina, isatshalaliswa eThailand, eJava, eSumatra naseningizimu yeBali. Lezi zinhlobo zikhona ezindaweni ezimaphakathi zaseVietnam, zihlala e-Indonesia. Ukusatshalaliswa eMyanmar naseSingapore akuqinisekisiwe, kepha kungenzeka ukuthi i-krait eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nayo yenzeke lapho. Lezi zinhlobo zitholakale eshalofini lesiqhingi iPulau Langkawi, eCambodia, eLaos, eMalaysia.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zesibhakabhaka esihlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Isibaya esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka asisikhulu njengesibaya sebhebhoni esiphuzi nokumnyama. Lolu hlobo lunobude bomzimba obungaphezulu kwamasentimitha ayi-108, kunabantu abathile ubude obungu-160 cm. Umbala wangemuva kwesibhakabhaka esiluhlaza sasibhakabhaka onsundu, omnyama noma omnyama okwesibhakabhaka. Emzimbeni nasemsileni kunamasongo angama-27-34, ancishisiwe futhi ayindilinga ezinhlangothini. Amasongo okuqala acishe ahlangane ngombala nombala omnyama wekhanda. Imithende emnyama yehlukaniswe ngezikhawu ezibanzi, eziphuzi ezimhlophe ezikhawulwe ngamasongo amnyama. Isisu simhlophe ngokufanayo. I-krait eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ibizwa nangokuthi inyoka enemigqa emnyama nemhlophe. Umzimba kaKrait awunawo umgogodla ophakeme
Isikali se-dorsal Smooth esihlelwe emigqeni eyi-15 eceleni komgogodla, inani lama-ventrals 195-237, ipuleti le-anal liphelele futhi alihlukanisiwe, ama-subcaudals 37-56. Izibaya ezindala eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zihlukaniswa kalula kwezinye izinyoka ezinamaphiko amnyama namhlophe, kanti isibaya samantombazane ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene kunzima ukusibona.
Indawo yokuhlala yesibhakabhaka esiluhlaza.
I-Blue krait ihlala ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziphansi nasezintabeni, abanye abantu bahlangana ezindaweni ezinamagquma ukusuka kumamitha angama-250 kuya kwangama-300 ukuphakama. Akuvamile ukukhuphuka ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1200. I-Blue krait ithanda ukuhlala eduze kwezidumbu zamanzi, itholakala osebeni lwamachibi nasezixhaphozini, ivame ukutholakala emadlelweni elayisi, emasimini nasemadamu aseduze avimba umfudlana ogelezayo. Isibaya esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka sithatha umgodi wegundane bese senza isiphephelo kuwo, siphoqa amagundane ukuthi ashiye isidleke sawo.
Izici zokuziphatha kwe-krait eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
I-Blue krait isebenza kakhulu ebusuku, ayizithandi izindawo ezikhanyisiwe futhi, lapho zikhishelwa ekukhanyeni, zimboza amakhanda azo ngomsila wazo. Zivame ukubonakala phakathi kuka-9 no-11 ebusuku futhi imvamisa azinalo ulaka ngalesi sikhathi.
Abahlaseli kuqala futhi abalumi ngaphandle uma becasulwe isibaya. Kunoma imuphi umzamo wokubamba, isibaya esibhakabhaka sizama ukuluma, kepha asikwenzi kaningi.
Ebusuku, lezi zinyoka ziluma kalula, njengoba kufakazelwa ukulunywa okuningi okutholwe abantu lapho belele phansi ebusuku. Ukubamba izindlwana eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ukuzijabulisa akunangqondo impela, kepha abadobi bezinyoka abangochwepheshe emhlabeni jikelele bakwenza njalo. Ubuthi be-krait bunobuthi obukhulu kangangokuba akufanele ububeke engcupheni yokuthola ulwazi lokuzingela inyoka exotic.
Ukudla okunomsoco okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
I-krait eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka idla ngokuyinhloko kwezinye izinhlobo zezinyoka, kanye nezibankwa, amaxoxo nezinye izilwane ezincane: amagundane.
I-Blue krait yinyoka enobuthi.
Izindlwana eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zikhiqiza into enobuthi enamandla kakhulu kunamaphoyinti angama-50 kunesihlungu semfezi. Iningi lokulunywa izinyoka lenziwa ebusuku, lapho umuntu enyathela inyoka engaqondile, noma lapho abantu behlasela. Ubuthi obanele ekugxileni kwe-0.1 mg ikhilogremu ukuqala kokufa kwamagundane, njengoba kukhonjisiwe kwizifundo zaselebhu.
Ubuthi be-krait eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka buyi-neurotoxic futhi bukhubaza uhlelo lwezinzwa lomuntu. Umphumela obulalayo uvela kuma-50% alabo abalunyiwe, imvamisa amahora angama-12-24 ngemuva kokuthi ubuthi bungene egazini.
Emizuzwini engamashumi amathathu yokuqala ngemuva kokulunywa, kuzwakala ubuhlungu obuncane futhi ukuvuvukala kwenzeka endaweni yesilonda, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ubuthakathaka buvela, i-myalgia iyaqala. Ukwehluleka kokuphefumula kuyenzeka, kudinga ukungena komoya ngomshini, amahora angu-8 ngemuva kokulunywa. Izimpawu ziba zimbi kakhulu futhi zihlala cishe amahora angama-96. Imiphumela emibi kakhulu yokungena kwe-toxin emzimbeni ukuminyana ngenxa yokukhubazeka kwemisipha nezinzwa ezithola i-diaphragm noma imisipha yenhliziyo. Lokhu kulandelwa ukuquleka nokufa kwamangqamuzana obuchopho. Ubuthi be-krait eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka buyabulala kuma-50% wamacala ngisho nangemva kokusetshenziswa kwe-antitoxin. Ayikho i-antidote ethize eyenziwe ngemiphumela ye-blue krait toxin. Ukwelashwa ukusekela ukuphefumula nokuvimbela i-aspiration pneumonitis. Ezimweni eziphuthumayo, odokotela bajova umuntu onobuthi nge-antitoxin, esetshenziselwa ukulunywa yinyoka yengwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezimweni eziningi, ukutakula okuphelele kwenzeka.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwesibhakabhaka esihlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
I-krait eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka izala ngoJuni noma ngoJulayi. Abesifazane bazalela amaqanda amane kuya kwayishumi. Izinyoka ezincane zivela ngama-30 cm ubude.
Isimo sokongiwa kwesibhakabhaka esihlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
I-krait eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ihlukaniswe ngokuthi "Ukukhathazeka Okuncane" ngenxa yokusatshalaliswa kwayo kabanzi. Lolu hlobo lwenyoka luyinto yokuhweba, inyoka ithengiselwa ukudliwa, nemithi yemithi yesintu yenziwe ngezitho zayo. Ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zebanga lokusatshalaliswa, ukubamba imidwebo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuthinta inani labantu. Kunemithetho kahulumeni yokuhweba ngalolu hlobo lwenyoka eVietnam. Ukubamba okuqhubekayo kungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu kohlobo, ngoba alukho ulwazi oluthembekile mayelana nokuthambekela kwabantu. Lolu hlobo lwasebusuku noluyimfihlo aluvamile, futhi yize izinyoka zivame ukubanjwa kwezinye izingxenye zohlu lwazo, ikakhulukazi eVietnam, ayikho imininingwane yokuthi le nqubo iyithinta kanjani impilo yabantu. Ngenxa yokuvela kwayo okungandile emvelweni, i-krait eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ikhonjisiwe kwiRed Book yaseVietnam. Lolu hlobo lwenyoka ludayiselwa lokho okubizwa nge- “wine wine” okusetshenziselwa ukwelapha.
Lo muthi usetshenziswa kabanzi emithini yendabuko ye-Indochina.
EVietnam, i-krait eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ivikelwe ngumthetho ukunciphisa ukuqothulwa kwezinyoka endle. Abantu abakhulu babanjelwa isikhumba sezinyoka nezikhumbuzo, njengoba kunjalo nangezinye izinhlobo zekrait. Ubukhulu bokubamba ama-kraits aluhlaza kwamanye amazwe kudinga ukuqhubeka nokufundwa. Lezi zinhlobo zivikelwe ngumthetho eVietnam kusukela ngonyaka we-2006, kepha umthetho uvimbela kuphela kepha awukuvimbeli ukuhweba ngalenhlobo yenyoka. Ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ukuthola ukuthi lingakanani ithonya lezinsongo ezivelayo kubantu besibhakabhaka. Mhlawumbe azisebenzi kulo lonke uhla lokusatshalaliswa kwezinhlobo, kepha zivele ezingeni lendawo, ngokwesibonelo, eVietnam. Kepha uma ukuncipha kwenzeka yonke indawo, khona-ke isimo sezinhlobo zemvelo akunakwenzeka ukuthi sizinze.
