Idada laseFalkland (Tachyeres brachypterus) lingelomndeni wedada, i-oda le-Anseriformes.
Lolu hlobo lwamadada lungelohlobo (amaTachyeres), ngaphezu kwedada laseFalkland, lifaka ezinye izinhlobo ezintathu ezitholakala eNingizimu Melika. Futhi zinegama elijwayelekile elithi "amadada - i-steamer" ngoba lapho zibhukuda ngokushesha, izinyoni zishaya amaphiko azo futhi ziphakamise amanzi futhi zisebenzise nemilenze yazo lapho zihamba, zenza umphumela wokuhamba emanzini, njenge-paddle steamer.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zedada laseFalkland
Idada laseFalkland likala ngo-80 cm ukusuka esihlokweni somlomo kuze kube sekupheleni komsila.Lingelinye lamadada amakhulu emndenini. Isisindo esingaba ngu-3.5 kg.
Eyesilisa inkulu futhi ilula ngombala wezimpaphe. Ekhanda, izimpaphe ziyimpunga noma zimhlophe, kanti ikhanda lowesifazane linsundu ngendandatho encane emhlophe ezungeze amehlo, nolayini wokugoba usuka emehlweni ushone ekhanda. Isici esifanayo sitholakala kwabesilisa abancane nakwabesilisa abadala lapho izinyoni zincibilika. Kepha umugqa omhlophe ngaphansi kweso ahlukile. Umlomo wedrake u-orenji okhanyayo, onethiphu emnyama ebonakalayo. Insikazi inomlomo ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ophuzi. Zombili izinyoni ezindala zinezidladla eziphuzi ngokusawolintshi.
Amadada asencane aseFalkland anombala okhanyayo, anezimpawu ezimnyama kuzwane nasemuva kwamalunga. Bonke abantu bane-spur embozwe kancane ngezimpaphe. Indoda endala isebenzisa ama-spurs e-orange akhanyiswe kahle ukuvikela indawo lapho kuqubuka udlame namanye amadoda.
Idada laseFalkland lasakazeka
Idada laseFalkland liyinhlobo engenazindiza yomndeni wedada. Kwande Kweziqhingi ZaseFalkland.
Izindawo zokuhlala zedada laseFalkland
Amadada aseFalkland asatshalaliswa eziqhingini ezincane nasemabhishi, avame ukutholakala ngasogwini olumangele. Kusatshalaliswa kuzo zonke izinkambu ezomile kanye nezindawo eziwugwadule.
Izici zokuziphatha kwedada laseFalkland
Amadada aseFalkland awakwazi ukundiza, kepha angashesha ngokushesha futhi awele emanzini, ngenkathi esiza ngamaphiko nemilenze yomibili. Ngasikhathi sinye, izinyoni ziphakamisa ifu elikhulu lokufafaza, futhi ngesifuba sazo ziyawahlula amanzi, njengomnsalo womkhumbi. Izimpiko zamadada aseFalkland zithuthuke kahle, kepha uma zigoqiwe, zimfushane kunomzimba. Izinyoni zihamba amabanga amade zifuna ukudla, okutholakala kalula emanzini angajulile.
Ukudla kwedada laseFalkland
Amadada aseFalkland adla izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zempilo yasolwandle olwandle. Bazivumelanise nokuthola ukudla emanzini angajulile kakhulu, kepha ikakhulukazi bayatshuza ukubamba inyamazane yabo. Ngesikhathi sokuzingela, womabili amaphiko nemilenze kusetshenziselwa ukuziqhubela ngaphansi kwamanzi. Lapho inyoni eyodwa yomhlambi omkhulu icwila emanzini, abanye abantu bayayilandela ngokushesha. Amadada azovela ebusweni cishe ngasikhathi sinye ngesikhawu semizuzwana engama-20-40, egxumela ngaphandle echibini, njengeziminyaminya eziningi.
AmaMolluscs nama-crustaceans akha ingxenye enkulu yokudla.
Izinyoni ziziqoqa emanzini angajulile noma lapho zitshuza endaweni esogwini. Amadada aseFalkland akhetha izimbaza ekudleni kwawo; kuyaziwa ukuthi nawo adla amanye ama-bivalve molluscs, ama-oysters, naphakathi kwama-crustaceans - ama-shrimp nezinkalankala.
Isimo sokonga sedada laseFalkland
Idada laseFalkland linezinhlobo ezilinganiselwe zokusatshalaliswa, kodwa izinombolo zezinyoni zilinganiselwa ukuthi zingaphansi kombundu wezinhlobo ezisengozini. Inani lezinyoni lihlala lizinzile ezindaweni zazo zokuhlala. Ngakho-ke, idada laseFalkland libhekwa njengezilwane ezinosongo oluncane.
Ukuzalela Idada LaseFalkland
Isikhathi sokuzalela amadada aseFalkland siyahlukahluka, kepha imvamisa izidleke zihlala kusuka ngoSepthemba kuya kuDisemba. Izinyoni zifihla izidleke zazo otshanini obude, kwesinye isikhathi enqwabeni ye-kelp eyomile, emigodini ye-penguin eshiyiwe, noma phakathi kwamatshe angasebenzi kahle. Isidleke sisekucindezelekeni okuncane emhlabathini ogcwele utshani naphansi. Imvamisa, endaweni eseduze nolwandle, kepha ezinye izidleke zitholakale ngamamitha angama-400 ukusuka emanzini.
Insikazi izalela amaqanda ayi-5 - 8, kuyaqabukela kube ngaphezulu.
Izidleke ezinamaqanda zingatholakala unyaka wonke, kepha izinyanga eziningi zonyaka, kepha ikakhulukazi kusukela ngoSepthemba kuya kuDisemba. Owesifazane kuphela ofukamela i-clutch, njengokujwayelekile kuwo wonke amadada. Idada lishiya isidleke isikhathi esifushane ukuxubha nokulungisa izimpaphe imizuzu engu-15 kuya kwengu-30 nsuku zonke. Ukugcina amaqanda efudumele, uwamboza ngomkhuhlane nezinto zokutshala ngaphambi kokushiya i-clutch. Akukaziwa ukuthi idada liyadla ngalesi sikhathi noma lihamba nje.
Isikhathi sokufukamela sithatha izinsuku ezingama-26 kuya kwezingama-30 kuze kuvele iphuphu lokugcina emzaleni. Ngenkathi insikazi icashe esidlekeni, eyeduna iyazulazula kuleyo ndawo bese ixosha izimbangi nezilwane eziyizitha.
Njengoba ungalindela egameni, leli dada elingenakukwazi ukundiza ligcwele eziQhingini zaseFalkland.
Ukungabi nalutho - ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zokuhlala
Ukungabi namaphiko, noma kunalokho, ukungakwazi ukundiza, kuyabonwa ezinyonini eziqhingini, zintula izilwane ezidla ezinye nezincintisana nazo. Ukujwayela le ndlela yokuphila ezinyonini kubangela ushintsho lwe-morphological olwenziwe esakhiweni samathambo nemisipha: amathuluzi esifuba abekade elungiselelwe ukundiza ngejubane elikhulu, kepha amandla okundiza ayancipha, kuyilapho ibhande le-pelvic liyanda. Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo futhi kusho ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngendlela efanelekile kubantu abadala, ngakho-ke kuvela i-sternum eyisicaba ehlukile kune-sternum ejwayelekile ehlobene ne-keel yezinyoni ezindizayo. Lesi yisakhiwo lapho imisipha ephakamisa amaphiko inamathela khona.
Izinyoni ezalahlekelwa amandla azo okundiza zaziphakathi kwabokuqala bamakoloni bezinto ezintsha zemvelo futhi zanda ngokukhululeka ezimeni zokudla okuningana nezindawo. Ngaphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ukungabi namaphiko kuvumela umzimba ukuthi wonge amandla, kubuye kube nomthelela ekwakhiweni komzabalazo wokuphila, lapho abantu besinda ngezindleko ezincishisiwe zamandla.
Ukulahleka kwamandla okundiza kwezinye izinhlobo zezinto kwakungeyona inhlekelele enkulu, ngoba ukundiza kuyindlela ebiza kakhulu yokunyakaza eyenziwe yimvelo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okudingeka ukuhambisa emoyeni kuyanda ngokulingana nosayizi womzimba. Ngakho-ke, ukungabi namaphiko nokwanda kosayizi wezinyoni kuholele ekwehleni kwemisipha emikhulu ye-pectoralis, edla inani eliningi lamandla.
Izinyoni ezingakwazi ukundiza zizuzile ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla, ikakhulukazi kuma-kiwis anezindleko zamandla aphansi kanye nobukhulu bemisipha ephansi ye-pectoral. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-penguin angenamaphiko namadada aseFalkland asebenzisa izinga eliphakathi. Lokhu kungenzeka ngoba ama-penguin akhe imisipha ye-pectoral yokuzingela nokudilika, futhi amadada angakwazi ukundiza ahamba ebusweni bamanzi esebenzisa amaphiko awo.
Kulezi zinhlobo zezinyoni, indlela enjalo yokuphila yonga kakhulu futhi ifaka nokudla ukudla okuncane okunama-kilojoule amaningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinyonini ezindizayo, izakhiwo zephiko nezimpaphe zenzelwe ukundiza, kuyilapho ukwakheka kwamaphiko kwezinyoni ezingakwazi ukundiza kukwazi ukujwayela indawo yazo yokuphila kanye nendlela yazo yokuphila, njengokuntywila kanye nokushwibeka emanzini olwandle.
