Idada likaCaroline (Aix sponsa) lingelomndeni wedada, i-oda le-Anseriformes.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zedada likaCaroline
Idada laseCarolina linosayizi womzimba ongu-54 cm, amaphiko: amaphiko angu-68 - 74. Isisindo: 482 - 862 amagremu.
Lezi zinhlobo zamadada zingenye yezinyoni zasemanzini ezinhle kakhulu eNyakatho Melika. Igama layo lesayensi u-Aix sponsa uhumusha ngokuthi "inyoni yamanzi engutsheni yomshado." Izimpaphe zowesilisa nowesifazane ngesikhathi sokukhwelana zihluke kakhulu.
Ikhanda ledrake licwebezela ngemibala eminingi ecwebezelayo ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noluhlaza okotshani okumnyama ngaphezulu, bese kuthi onsomi ngemuva kwekhanda. Imibala e-purple nayo iyabonakala emehlweni nasezihlathini. Izimpaphe zokumboza zimnyama kakhulu. Le mibala egqamile iyaphambana namathoni abomvu amakhulu wamehlo, kanye nemibuthano ye-orbital orbital ebomvu.
Ikhanda ligcwele imigqa emihle emhlophe. Kusuka esilevini nasemphinjeni, okumhlophe, kunaba ngemigqa emibili emifushane, eyindilinga emhlophe. Enye yazo igijima ohlangothini olulodwa lobuso futhi inyukele emehlweni, imboze izihlathi, enye inwebe ngaphansi kwesihlathi ibuyele entanyeni. Umlomo ubomvu ezinhlangothini, ubomvana ngomugqa omnyama kuma-culmen, kuthi isisekelo somlomo siphuzi. Intamo enomugqa omnyama obanzi.
Isifuba sinsundu ngamachashazi amhlophe namachashazi amhlophe maphakathi nendawo. Izinhlangothi zingama-buffy, ziphaphathekile. Imivimbo emhlophe nokumnyama eqondile ihlukanisa izinhlangothi kule ribcage. Isisu simhlophe. Indawo yethanga ibubende. Umhlane, isigaxa, izimpaphe zomsila, kanye nempahla yokungcwaba kumnyama. Izimpaphe zesembozo esiphakathi sephiko zimnyama ngokugqamile okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Izimpaphe eziyinhloko zinsundu ngokumpunga. I- "Mirror" iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, mhlophe emaphethelweni angemuva. Imidlwane nemilenze kunombala ophuzi-mnyama.
Eyesilisa engaphandle kwenkathi yokuzalanisa ibukeka njengowesifazane, kodwa igcina umbala woqhwaku ngemibala ehlukene.
Izimpaphe zezinsikazi zifiphele, zinombala onsundu ngokunsundu ngombala obuthaka.
Ikhanda liyimpunga, umphimbo umhlophe. Indawo emhlophe ngesimo sedonsa, ebhekiswe emuva, itholakala ngaseduze kwamehlo. Umugqa omhlophe uzungeze isisekelo somlomo, onombala ompunga omnyama. Iris iyinsundu, imibuthano ye-orbital iphuzi. Isifuba nezinhlangothi kunombala onsundu. Umzimba osele umbozwe izimpaphe ezinsundu nge-sheen yegolide. Ama-paw anombala ophuzi onsundu. Idada laseCarolina linomhlobiso ngendlela yekama eliwela entanyeni, elitholakala kowesilisa nowesifazane.
Izinyoni ezisencane zihlukaniswa izimpaphe ezibuthuntu futhi ziyefana nezensikazi. Isigqoko ekhanda sinsundu ngokukhanyayo. Iris inombala onsundu ngokukhanyayo, imibuthano ye-orbital imhlophe. Umlomo uqotho. Kunamabala amancane amhlophe ezimpikweni. Idada likaCaroline alikwazi ukudideka nezinye izinhlobo zamadada, kepha abesifazane nezinyoni ezincane bafana nedada le-mandarin.
Izindawo zokuhlala zedada laseCaroline
I-Karolinska duck ihlala ezindaweni ezinamaxhaphozi, amachibi, amachibi, imifula ehamba kancane. Kutholakala emahlathini ahlabayo noma axubekile. Ikhetha indawo yokuhlala enamanzi nohlaza oluhlaza.
Idada laseCarolina lasakazeka
Idada likaCaroline lakha izidleke zodwa eNearctique. Akuvamile ukusabalala eMexico. Yakha abantu ababili eNyakatho Melika:
- Umuntu uhlala ogwini ukusuka eningizimu yeCanada kuya eFlorida,
- Elinye lisogwini olusentshonalanga ukusuka eBritish Columbia kuya eCalifornia.
Ngengozi indiza iye e-Azores naseNtshonalanga Yurophu.
Lolu hlobo lwamadada lufuyelwa ekuthunjweni, izinyoni kulula ukuzala futhi zithengiswa ngamanani aphansi. Kwesinye isikhathi izinyoni ziyandiza zihlale endle. Lokhu kwenzeka ikakhulukazi eNtshonalanga Yurophu, kusuka kumabhangqa angama-50 kuya kwayi-100 amadada kaCaroline ahlala eJalimane naseBelgium.
Izici zokuziphatha kwedada likaCaroline
Amadada kaCaroline ahlali emanzini kuphela, kepha asewazi kahle umhlaba. Lezi zinhlobo zamadada zigcina izindawo eziyimfihlo kakhulu kunamanye ama-anatidae. Zikhetha izindawo lapho amagatsha ezihlahla elenga khona phezu kwamanzi, afihla izinyoni ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye futhi ayindawo yokukhosela ethembekile. Amadada kaCaroline ezinyaweni zawo anezinzipho ezibanzi ezibavumela ukuba babambelele emagxolweni ezihlahla.
Bondla, njengomthetho, emanzini angajulile, aphikisayo, kaningi ngaphezulu.
Leli dada alithandi ukutshuza. Bahlala emaqenjini amancane, kepha, ngesikhathi sekwindla-ebusika bahlangana emhlambini ofinyelela kubantu abayinkulungwane.
Ukuzala idada likaCaroline
Amadada kaCaroline ayizinhlobo zezinyoni ezizodwa, kodwa hhayi indawo. Isikhathi sokuzalisa sincike endaweni yokuhlala. Ezifundeni eziseningizimu zizala kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuFebhuwari, ezindaweni ezisenyakatho kamuva - kusuka ngoMashi kuya ku-Ephreli.
Amadada kaCaroline esidlekeni emigodini yezihlahla, kuhlala izidleke zikamuthi omkhulu wokhuni nezinye izikhala, avumelane nempilo ezindlini zezinyoni, futhi azinze ezidlekeni zokwenziwa. Endaweni yazo yemvelo, ukuxubana nezinye izinhlobo zamadada, ikakhulukazi imallard, kungenzeka. Ngesikhathi sokuqomisana, owesilisa uyabhukuda phambi kowesifazane, aphakamise amaphiko akhe nomsila, ancibilikise izimpaphe ngokungathi sína, ekhombisa okuvelele kothingo. Kwesinye isikhathi izinyoni ziyaziqondisa izimpaphe.
Insikazi, ihambisana nowesilisa, ikhetha indawo yokwakha isidleke.
Ubeka amaqanda ayisithupha kuya kwayi-16, umbala omhlophe - ukhilimu, afukamele izinsuku ezingama-23 - 37. Ukuba khona kwemigodi eminingi elula yokwakha izidleke kunciphisa ukuncintisana futhi kukhulisa kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kwamachwane. Kwesinye isikhathi ezinye izinhlobo zedada zizalela amaqanda esidlekeni sedada likaCaroline, ngakho-ke kungaba namachwane afinyelela kuma-35 ngenzalo. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, akukho mncintiswano nezinye izinhlobo ze-anatidae.
Ngemuva kokuvela kwenzalo, owesilisa akashiyi insikazi, uhlala eseduze futhi angahola izinkukhu. Amachwane ashiya isidleke cishe ngokushesha afike angene emanzini. Ngaphandle kokuphakama kwabo, abavamile ukulimala ngesikhathi bevezwa okokuqala emanzini. Uma kunengozi ebonakalayo, insikazi yenza impempe, okwenza amachwane agcwale ngokushesha echibini.
Amadada amancane azimela lapho enamasonto ayisishiyagalombili kuya kwayishumi. Kodwa-ke, izinga lokufa kwamantshontsho liphezulu ngenxa yokwanda kwezinkawu, izinyoka, ama-raccoon, nezimfudu kungaphezu kwama-85%. Amadada amadala kaCaroline ahlaselwa izimpungushe nama-raccoon.
Ukudla kwedada likaCaroline
Amadada kaCaroline angama-omnivores futhi adla ukudla okuhlukahlukene. Zondla imbewu, izinambuzane ezingenamgogodla, kufaka phakathi izinambuzane zasemanzini nezasemhlabeni, nezithelo.
Isimo sokonga sedada likaCaroline
Izinombolo zedada likaCaroline zehle phakathi nekhulu lama-20, ikakhulu ngenxa yokudutshulwa ngokweqile kwezinyoni nezimpaphe ezinhle. Ngemuva kokuthi kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuzivikela, kufaka phakathi ngemuva kokwamukelwa kweSivumelwano Sokulondolozwa Kwezinyoni Ezifudukayo eCanada nase-United States, esamisa ukuqothulwa okungenangqondo kwezinyoni ezinhle, inani ledada likaCaroline laqala ukukhuphuka.
Ngeshwa, lolu hlobo lutholakala kwezinye izinsongo, njengokulahleka nokonakala kwendawo ngenxa yokudonswa kwamanzi amaxhaphozi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eminye imisebenzi yabantu iyaqhubeka nokucekela phansi amahlathi azungeze imizimba yamanzi.
Ukuze kulondolozwe idada likaCaroline, izidleke zokufakelwa ziyasungulwa ezindaweni zokwakha izidleke, indawo yokuhlala iyabuyiselwa futhi ukuzaliswa kwamadada angavamile ekuthunjweni kuyaqhubeka.
