UPatas (u-Erythrocebus patas) ungowomndeni wenkawu.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zama-patas
Umsila onamabala abomvu ngobude obufanayo nomzimba. Isisindo - 7 - 13 kg.
Ngezansi kumhlophe, imilenze nezinyawo zinombala ofanayo. Amadevu amhlophe alenga esilevini. Ama-patas anemilenze emide nembambo evelele. Amehlo abheke phambili ukuhlinzeka ngombono we-binocular. Ama-incisors yi-spatulate, ama-canines ayabonakala, ama-molars yi-bilophodont. Ifomula yamazinyo 2 / 2.1 / 1.2 / 2.3 / 3 = 32. Amakhala acinene, asondelene futhi aqondiswe phansi. I-dimorphism yezocansi ikhona.
Indawo ye-midface (i-skull) emadodeni i-hypertrophied uma iqhathaniswa nabesifazane. Ubukhulu bomzimba wabesilisa, njengomthetho, bukhulu kunabesifazane ngenxa yokukhula okude nokusheshiswayo.
Ukusabalala kwama-patas
I-Patas isabalale isuka emahlathini asenyakatho nenkabazwe eningizimu yeSahara, isuka entshonalanga yeSenegal iya e-Ethiopia, iya enyakatho, maphakathi naseningizimu yeKenya nasenyakatho neTanzania. Uhlala emahlathini omtholo empumalanga yeLake Manyara. Kutholakala endaweni ephansi yabantu eSerengeti naseGrumeti National Parks.
Ukutholakala okukude kutholakala ku-Ennedy massif.
Khuphuka kuze kufike kumamitha ayi-2000 ngaphezu kolwandle. Indawo yokuhlala ihlanganisa iBenin, iCameroon, iBurkina Faso. Futhi neCameroon, iCongo, iCentral African Republic, iChad, iCôte d'Ivoire. Ama-Patas ahlala e-Ethiopia, eGambia, eGhana, eGuinea, eGuinea-Bissau. Kutholakala eKenya, Mali, Niger, Mauritania, Nigeria. Kusatshalaliswe eSenegal, eSudan, eSierra Leone, eTogo, eTanzania.
Izindawo zokuhlala ze-Patas
I-Patas inezinhlobonhlobo ze-biotopes, eziqala nge-steppe evulekile, ama-savanna anokhuni, amahlathi omile. Lolu hlobo lwenkawu lutholakala ezindaweni ezinezihlahla ezimbalwa, futhi lukhetha emaphethelweni amahlathi namadlelo. I-Patas iningi lezinyamazana zasemhlabeni, yize zikwazi kahle ukugibela izihlahla lapho ziphazanyiswa yisilwane esidla ezinye, zivame ukuthembela kusivinini sazo somhlaba ukuze zibaleke.
Ukudla kwepatas
Ama-Patas adla kakhulu izitshalo ezinama-herbaceous, amajikijolo, izithelo, imidumba nembewu. Kukhethwa kuqala izihlahla ze-savannah nezihlahlana, njenge-acacia, torchwood, Eucleа. Lolu hlobo lwezinkawu luyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo, futhi lujwayela kalula ukuzondla ngezinhlobo zezitshalo zamanye amazwe ezihlaselayo ezifana ne-prickly pear ne-lantana, kanye nezitshalo zikakotini nezolimo. Ngesikhathi sonyaka owomile, izindawo zokuchelela zivame ukuvakashelwa.
Ukuqeda ukoma kwabo, izinkawu zakwaPatras zivame ukusebenzisa imithombo yokufakelwa kanye nokufakwa kwamanzi, zibonakala eduze nezindawo zokuhlala.
Kuzo zonke izindawo atholakala kuzo amazinyane eKenya, bajwayele abantu, ikakhulukazi abelusi, abalimi, ukuthi baye emasimini nezilimo bengesabi.
Esifundeni saseBusia (eKenya), akhona kakhulu eduze kwezindawo ezinkulu zokuhlala abantu lapho kungekho zimila zemvelo khona. Ngakho-ke, izinkawu zidla ummbila nezinye izitshalo, zinciphisa izitshalo.
Izici zokuziphatha kwama-patas
I-Patas iyinhlobo yezinkawu ezihamba phambili ezihlala ngamaqembu wabantu abayi-15 ngokwesilinganiso, ngaphezulu kwendawo enkulu. Umhlambi owodwa wezimfene wezinkawu ezingama-31 udinga ama-51.8 sq. km. Ngosuku, abesilisa bamaPhata bahamba u-7.3 km, abesifazane bahlanganisa cishe u-4.7 km.
Emaqenjini okuhlangana nomphakathi, abesilisa badlula abesifazane kabili. Ebusuku, imihlambi yezinkawu isakazeka endaweni engama-250,000 m2, ngakho-ke igwema ukulahlekelwa okukhulu ekuhlaselweni yizilwane ezidla ebusuku.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwama-patas
Abesilisa bamaPathas bahola amaqembu ezizukulwane zabo, behlangana nabesifazane abangaphezu koyedwa, bakha i- "harem". Kwesinye isikhathi, iduna lizojoyina iqembu lezinkawu ngesikhathi sokuzala. Yindoda eyodwa kuphela ebusa "kwizindlovukazi"; lobo budlelwane bezinkawu babizwa nge-polygyny. Ngasikhathi sinye, uziphatha ngodlame kwezinye izinsizwa futhi esongela. Ukuncintisana phakathi kwabesilisa kwabesifazane kubi kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuzala.
Ukukhwelana okungakhethi (i-polygynandrous) kuyabonakala ezinkawini zikaPatras.
Ngesikhathi sokuzala, abesilisa abaningana, kusukela kwababili kuya kwabayishumi nesishiyagalolunye, bajoyina iqembu. Izikhathi zokuzalela zincike endaweni ohlala kuyo. Ukukhwelana kwezinye izindawo kwenzeka ngoJuni-Septhemba, kanti amathole aqandusela phakathi kukaNovemba noJanuwari.
Ukukhula ngokobulili kusuka eminyakeni emi-4 kuye kwengu-4.5 kwabesilisa neminyaka emithathu kwabesifazane. Abesifazane bangakhiqiza inzalo esikhathini esingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyishumi nambili, bachamusela inkonyane izinsuku ezingaba ngu-170. Kodwa-ke, kunzima ukuthola isikhathi esiqondile sokukhulelwa ngokususelwa kwizimpawu zangaphandle. Ngakho-ke, imininingwane yesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwezinsikazi ngabesifazane bamaPathas yatholakala ngesisekelo sokubona impilo yezinkawu ekuthunjweni. Abesifazane bazala izinyane elilodwa. Ngokusobala, njengazo zonke izinkawu ezinosayizi ofanayo, ukondla amawundlu ngobisi kuhlala izinyanga ezimbalwa.
Izizathu zokwehla kwenani lama-Patas
I-Patas izingelwa izakhamuzi zendawo, ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkawu zibanjwa ngezifundo ezahlukahlukene, ngenxa yalokhu zizalelwa nasekuthunjweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-patas abhujiswa njengesilokazane sezilimo emazweni amaningi ase-Afrika. Lezi zinhlobo zezinkawu zisongelwa kwezinye izingxenye zebanga ngenxa yokulahleka kwendawo yokuhlala ngenxa yokwanda kwezingwadule ngenxa yokusetshenziswa komhlaba okunamandla, kufaka phakathi ukudliswa ngokweqile, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi e-savannah yezitshalo.
Isimo se-Conservation patas
I-Patas iyinhlobo ye-primate "Least Concern", njengoba iyinkawu esakazeke yonke indawo, esesigcwele kakhulu. Yize ezingxenyeni eziseningizimu-mpumalanga yebanga, kukhona ukwehla okubonakalayo kwenani lezindawo zokuhlala.
I-Patas iku-Appendix II eya kwi-CITES ngokuya nge-African Convention. Lezi zinhlobo zisatshalaliswa ezindaweni eziningi ezivikelwe kulo lonke uhla lwazo. Isibalo esikhulu kunazo zonke sezinkawu njengamanje sikhona eKenya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaqembu e-patas ahamba ngaphezu kwezindawo ezivikelwe futhi asakazeka ezindaweni ezinkulu zomtholo namasimu okufakelwa.
