I-buzzard enombala obomvu (iGeranoaetus polyosoma) ingeka-oda le-Falconiformes.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zebuzzard enesibomvu
I-buzzard enombala obomvu inesayizi yomzimba ongu-56 cm, namaphiko ayi-110 kuye ku-120 cm. Isisindo sayo sifinyelela ku-950 g.
Lolu hlobo lwama-buzzards lunamaphiko nemilenze emide. Umsila ubude obuphakathi nendawo. I-silhouette endizeni ifana kakhulu neyamanye ama-butéonidés. Lokhu kuyi-polymorphic ngombala wezimpaphe, okusho ukuthi izinyoni zinemibala ehlukene okungenani emi-2. Kodwa-ke, imithunzi ecacile ekhona namathoni amnyama awavamile.
- Izinyoni ezinombala okhanyayo zinezimpaphe ezimpunga, ngaphandle kwebunzi nezihlathi, ezinemigqa emnyama. Izingxenye ezingezansi zomzimba zimhlophe, zinemigqa e-grey ehlukile ezinhlangothini. Umsila umhlophe ngomugqa omnyama obanzi. Insikazi imnyama mpunga ngenhla, imnyama kuneyesilisa. Ikhanda namaphiko akhe kubonakala kumnyama. Izinhlangothi zibomvu ngokuphelele, ngombala obomvu uvame ukubonakala maphakathi nesisu.
- Ngendlela yesilisa enombala omnyama, izimpaphe ezingenhla nezingezansi ziyahlukahluka kusuka kumpunga onsundu kuya kokumnyama. Zonke izimpaphe zinemivimbo ecace kancane. Izimpaphe zezinsikazi ekhanda, izimpiko, iqolo elingezansi, isifuba, amathanga nasesansi komsila ngezansi zinombala omnyama mpunga. Zonke izimpaphe zinsundu ngokuya ngaphezudlwana ngokungena kwamathoni ompunga nokumnyama.
Abesifazane banezinhlobo ezahlukene zezimpaphe: ikhanda nezingxenye ezingaphezulu zomzimba kumnyama, kepha isisu, amathanga nendawo eyindunu zimhlophe ngemivimbo eminingi yombala oshayayo. Isifuba sizungezwe umugqa ocishe ungabonakali. Ama-buzzards amancane abomvu abomvu anezimpaphe ezimnyama nsundu ngaphezulu ngokukhanyiselwa okubanzi kwe-suede, okubonakala ikakhulu emaphikweni. Umsila unombala ompunga ngemivimbo emnyama emincane emincane. Ngaphansi komzimba kusuka kokumhlophe kuye kuma-chamois. Isifuba sinemigqa ensundu. Phakathi kwezinyoni ezincane, amafomu anombala omnyama futhi anombala okhanyayo nawo ayatholakala.
Izindawo zokuhlala zenyoni enesipele esibomvu
Ama-buzzard anemibala ebomvu ngokuvamile atholakala ezindaweni ezivulekile ezingaphezulu noma ezingaphansi. Lezi zinyoni zingabonakala ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esipholile e-Andes Valley enyakatho yeNingizimu Melika, ezingatheni kakhulu emathafeni asezintabeni ngenhla komugqa wezihlahla, phakathi kwamathafa asomile ashisayo namagquma asogwini lolwandle iPacific, kanye nasemathafeni asezintabeni ezomile zasePatagonia.
Ama-buzzard abomvu abomvu ngokuvamile athanda izindawo ezingamahlathi aminyene noma imithambeka enwebeka emifuleni, emahlathini aswakeme, phansi kwezintaba, noma ezindaweni ezithile zezihlahla zebhithi iNothofagus. Ezintabeni kuphakama kusuka olwandle kuya kumamitha angama-4600. Kodwa-ke, zivame ukugcinwa phakathi kwamamitha ayi-1,600 kanye nama-3,200. EPatagonia, zingaphezu kwamamitha ayi-500.
Ukusatshalaliswa kweBuzzard okwenziwe ngokubomvu
I-buzzard enombala obomvu ingeyasentshonalanga naseningizimu yeNingizimu Melika.
Indawo yokuhlala ihlanganisa iningizimu-ntshonalanga yeColombia, i-Ecuador, iPeru, iningizimu-ntshonalanga yeBolivia, cishe yonke iChile, i-Argentina ne-Uruguay. Lolu hlobo lwenyoni edla inyama alukho nhlobo eVenezuela, eGuiana naseBrazil. Kepha itholakala eTierra del Fuego, Cap Horn, ngisho naseFalklands.
Izici zokuziphatha kwebhungane elibomvu
Ama-buzzard abomvu abomvu ahlala yedwa noma ngababili. Lezi zinyoni zivame ukuchitha ubusuku emadwaleni, emhlabathini, ezigxotsheni, ezicijile, i-cactus enkulu noma amagatsha, okuzivumela ukuthi zihlole indawo ezikuyo. Kwesinye isikhathi zifihlwa kancane ngophahla lwezihlahla ezinde.
Njengezinyoni eziningi zohlobo lweButeo, ama-buzzard abomvu ahamba phezulu esibhakabhakeni, ngawodwana noma ngababili. Alukho ulwazi mayelana nezinye izigaxa ze-acrobatic. Kwezinye izifunda, ama-buzzard abomvu abomvu yizinyoni ezihlala khona, kepha ezimweni eziningi, ziyafuduka. Phakathi kukaMashi noNovemba, futhi kusukela ngoMeyi kuya kuSepthemba, amanani abo ancipha ngokuphawulekayo enkabeni nasenyakatho ye-Argentina. Izinyoni ezidla inyama kubikwa ukuthi ziya emazweni angomakhelwane njengaseningizimu-mpumalanga yeBolivia, iParaguay, i-Uruguay kanye neningizimu yeBrazil.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-buzzard enesibomvu
Isikhathi sokufukamela ama-buzzard abomvu ahlukile esikhathini saso kuye ngezwe lapho kuhlala khona izinyoni. Zizala kusuka ngoDisemba kuya kuJulayi e-Ecuador futhi mhlawumbe neColombia. Septhemba kuya kuJanuwari eChile, e-Argentina naseFalklands. Ama-buzzards abomvu abomvu akha isidleke ngamagatsha, kunalokho makhulu, asayizi osayizi osukela kumasentimitha angama-75 kuya kwayi-100 ububanzi.
Izinyoni ezidla izidleke esidlekeni esifanayo sezinyoni izikhathi eziningana zilandelana, ngakho-ke ubukhulu bayo bukhula njalo unyaka nonyaka.
Ingaphakathi lesidleke ligcwele amaqabunga aluhlaza, ubulembu, ubulembu, nemfucumfucu ehlukahlukene eqoqwe endaweni ezungezile. Isidleke sivame ukutholakala endaweni ephansi, amamitha amabili kuya kwayi-7, ku-cactus, isihlahla esinameva, isihlahla, isigxobo se-telegraph, idwala noma itshe. Ngezinye izikhathi izinyoni zihlala eceleni kwegquma eweni otshanini obukhulu. Isibalo samaqanda ku-clutch sincike esifundeni sendawo yokuhlala.
E-Ecuador, kuvame ukuba neqanda elilodwa noma amabili esidlekeni ngasinye. EChile nase-Argentina kukhona amaqanda amabili noma amathathu ku-clutch. Ukufukamela kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-26 noma ezingama-27. Ukuvela kwezinyoni ezincane kwenzeka zingakapheli izinsuku ezingama-40 no-50 ngemuva kokuvela.
Ukuphakelwa Kwe-Redback Buzzard
Isishiyagalolunye neshumi ekudleni kwama-buzzard abomvu abomvu aqukethe izilwane ezincelisayo. Izinyoni ezidla izinyoni ezidonswa ngamagundane afana nezingulube zeginea (i-cavia), ama-octodon, ama-tuco-tucos kanye nonogwaja abasebancane be-garenne. Babamba izintethe, amaxoxo, izibankwa, izinyoni (abancane noma abalimele), nezinyoka.
Ama-buzzard abomvu ahlala njalo azingela endizeni, azivumela ukuthi athathwe yi-updrafting, noma avele azulazule. Uma isisulu singatholakali, khona-ke izinyoni zikhuphukela phezulu kuze kufike kumamitha ayikhulu ngaphambi kokushiya indawo yokuzingela. Izinyoni ezidla inyama nazo zizingela emasimini, emahlathini e-cactus noma emagqumeni. Ezintabeni noma ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu, ziyasebenza usuku lonke.
Isimo sokongiwa kwenyoni enesipele esibomvu
I-buzzard enesibomvu ibhebhetheka endaweni engamakhilomitha-skwele ayizigidi ezingama-4.5. Kulokhu kufanele kungezwe cishe ama-1.2 million sq. M. km, lapho izinyoni ezidla inyama ebusika ngenkathi ebandayo eNingizimu Afrika. Ubuningi abukabalwa, kepha ababukeli abaningi bayavuma ukuthi lolu hlobo luvame kakhulu e-Andes nasePatagonia. Ezintabeni nasezintabeni zase-Ecuador, ubhungane olubuyiselwe emhlane obomvu uyinyoni evame kakhulu. EColombia, ezifundeni ezingaphezulu komugqa wesihlahla, lesi silwane esidliwayo esinamaphiko sivame kakhulu.
Ngenkathi izinombolo zezinyoni zincipha kancane e-Ecuador, eChile nase-Argentina, kuyaziwa ukuthi inani labantu lingaphezu kuka-100,000. IBuzzard enesipele Esibomvu ihlukaniswe njengoKukhathazeka Okuncane Ngezinsongo Ezincane.
