I-Endler's Guppy (Latin Poecilia wingei) yinhlanzi enhle kakhulu eyisihlobo esiseduze se-guppy ejwayelekile.
Uthole ukuthandwa kwakhe ngosayizi wayo omncane, imvelo enokuthula, ubuhle nokuzithoba. Ake siyihlolisise.
Ukuphila emvelweni
UGuppy Endler wachazwa okokuqala ngo-1937 nguFranklyn F. Bond, wakuthola eLake Laguna de Patos (eVenezuela), kodwa-ke akuzange kutholakale ukuthandwa futhi kwaze kwaba ngu-1975 kuthathwa njengokushabalala. Umbono wabuye watholakala nguDkt John Endler ngo-1975.
ILaguna de Patos ichibi elihlukaniswe nolwandle isiqeshana somhlaba, futhi ekuqaleni lalinosawoti. Kodwa isikhathi nezimvula kwenza kwaba ngamanzi angenasawoti.
Ngesikhathi sokutholakala kukaDkt. Endler, amanzi echibini ayefudumele futhi enzima, futhi kwakukhona inani elikhulu kakhulu le-algae kulo.
Manje kunodoti wokulahla udoti eduze kwechibi futhi akucaci ukuthi ngabe kukhona abantu kulo okwamanje.
Ama-Endlers (P. wingei) angaweliswa ngezinhlobo zama-guppy (P. reticulata, P. obscura guppies), futhi inzalo ye-hybrid izoba evundile. Lokhu kukholakala ukuthi kungaholela ekuvuthulukeni kwe-gene pool, ngakho-ke kubhekwa njengokungathandeki kubazalisi abafuna ukugcina izinhlobo zihlanzekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba i-P. reticulata itholakale emizimbeni efanayo yamanzi njengo-P. wingei, ukuxubana kwemvelo nakho kungenzeka endle.
Incazelo
Le yinhlanzi encane, ubukhulu bayo obungu-4 cm.I-guppy ka-Endler ayihlali isikhathi eside, cishe unyaka nohhafu.
Ngaphandle, abesilisa nabesifazane bahluke ngokumangazayo, abesifazane abaziwa, kepha ngasikhathi sinye bakhulu kakhulu kunabesilisa.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abesilisa bayizicishamlilo zombala, banempilo, bayasebenza, kwesinye isikhathi banemisila yemfoloko. Kunzima ukuwachaza, ngoba cishe wonke amadoda ahlukile ngombala wawo.
Ukuxakaniseka kokuqukethwe
Njenge-guppy ejwayelekile, kuhle kubaqalayo. Ibuye igcinwe emanzini amancane noma ama-nano. Ngenxa yosayizi wabo omncane (noma usumdala) bayizinketho ezinhle kakhulu zamanzi amancane asetafuleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyinhlanzi enokuthula ikakhulukazi, ngakho-ke bazwana kahle nezinye izinhlanzi ezinokuthula. Ukuthola uhlu lwezinhlanzi ezivamile ezihambisanayo nezinye izakhamuzi zase-aquarium, bheka isigaba sezincomo ngezansi.
Ukondla
Ama-guppies akwa-Endler angama-omnivores, adla zonke izinhlobo zokudla okufriziwe, okwenziwe futhi okuphilayo. Ngokwemvelo, zondla nge-detritus nezinambuzane ezincane kanye ne-algae.
I-aquarium idinga ukondliwa okwengeziwe ngokudla okunokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwezinto zezitshalo. Ukudla okulula kakhulu okusanhlamvu nge-spirulina noma eminye imifino. Ama-flakes amaningi makhulu kakhulu futhi kufanele achotshozwe ngaphambi kokondliwa.
Lo ngumzuzu obaluleke kakhulu ku-guppy ka-Endler, ngoba ngaphandle kokudla kwezitshalo, umgudu wabo wokugaya ukudla usebenza kabi kakhulu.
Khumbula ukuthi izinhlanzi zinomlomo omncane kakhulu futhi ukudla kufanele kukhethwe ngokuya ngosayizi wayo.
Kunzima kubo ukuthi bagwinye ngisho nezikelemu zegazi, kungcono ukuzondla zifriziwe, ngoba bese ziyawa.
Izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo zama-flakes, i-tubifex, ama-brine shrimp aqandisiwe, ama-bloodworms asebenza kahle kakhulu.
Ama-Endlers azobona masinyane ishejuli nesikhathi osisebenzisayo ukuzondla. Uma sekuyisikhathi sokondla, bazogcwala ukulindela, bagijimele kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yethangi esondele kakhulu kuwe.
Okuqukethwe
Uma uhlela ukugcina lezi zinhlanzi uzijabulisa kunokuzalanisa, zizobukeka zizinhle cishe kunoma iyiphi i-aquarium. Azikhethi ngohlobo lwe-substrate, ukuhlobisa, izitshalo, ukukhanyisa, njll.
Akunandaba ukuthi hlobo luni lokuhlobisa olukhethayo, ngincoma ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi kunokuningi kwalo. Abesilisa bazohlala bezilungisa abesifazane futhi kubalulekile ukubanikeza indawo eyanele yokuhlehla! Uma uthatha isinqumo sokugcina abesilisa kuphela (ngenxa yombala wabo, noma ukugwema ukubukeka kwefry), lokhu kubaluleke ngokulinganayo, ngoba abesilisa bangaba indawo.
Uma ukhetha ukugcina abesifazane kuphela ukugwema ukuthosa okungafuneki, khumbula ukuthi bangakhulelwa lapho ubaletha ekhaya, noma bangakhulelwa noma ngabe abekho abesilisa ethangini lakho. Imidlwane ingagcina isidoda izinyanga ezimbalwa, okusho ukuthi ungathola gazinga noma ngabe abekho abesilisa ethangini lakho.
Ama-endlers aqinile futhi awadingi, futhi izimo ezijwayelekile zibavumela ukuthi bachume cishe kunoma iyiphi i-aquarium. Ziyachuma ikakhulukazi emanzini atshaliwe, njengoba lokhu kulingisa eduze indawo yazo yemvelo.
Ukuyekelwa phansi, yize bethanda okufudumele (24-30 ° C) namanzi anzima (15-25 dGH). Njengama-guppies ajwayelekile, angaphila ku-18-29 ° C, kepha izinga lokushisa elilungile lingu-24-30 ° C. Ukufudumala kwamanzi, kukhula ngokushesha, yize lokhu kuzonciphisa isikhathi sabo sokuphila.
Ngokuvamile, ngithole ukuthi izinguquko ezingazelelwe noma ukushintsha okukhulu kumakhemikhali wamanzi ekuphishekeleni amapharamitha afanele kwenza umonakalo omkhulu kunokuyeka ibhalansi yodwa. Angisho ukuthi ungalokothi ushintshe ukwakheka kwamanzi ngamakhemikhali, kepha kulokhu, amapharamitha azinzile angcono kunokuphishekela okuhle.
Bathanda ama-aquariums akhule kakhulu ngezitshalo futhi akhanyiswe kahle. Ukuhlunga kuyinto efiselekayo, ngenkathi kubalulekile ukuthi ukugeleza okuvela kuyo kube kuncane, ngoba abagcini bokugcina abakwazi ukubhekana nayo kahle.
Bachitha isikhathi esiningi ezingxenyeni ezingenhla zamanzi, bagxuma kahle, futhi i-aquarium kufanele ivalwe.
Ama-endlers azwela kakhulu ekukhanyeni nasekuhambeni. Ngemuva kokuthi bafunde ukuthi ukubukeka komuntu kulingana nokudla, ukunyakaza komuntu kuzodala "ukunxiba" okuxakile, noma ngabe inhlanzi ilambile noma cha. Ubumnyama buzoba yisignali yokuthi sekuyisikhathi sokulala. Iningi lizocwila phansi ethangini bese lilala lapho kuze kubuye ukukhanya, yize kumathangi abiwe ngezinhlanzi ezinkulu, amanye ama-Endler "azolala" phezulu.
Ukuhambisana
Ama-endler asebenza ngokungakhathali, ahlala ebhukuda, ekhipha ulwelwe, ekhombisa amaphiko omunye nomunye futhi ehlola noma yini eheha ukunaka kwawo. Futhi zifuna ukwazi ngokungaphezi futhi ezinye zezinhlanzi zasolwandle ezinamanzi angenasibindi engake ngazibona.
Njengezinye izinhlobo zePoecilia, lezi zinhlanzi zingokwenhlalo futhi zigcinwa kahle ngamaqembu ayisithupha noma ngaphezulu. Bajwayele ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi eduze kwaphezulu kwethangi, kepha bayazijabulisa futhi bayasebenza, ngakho-ke bazosebenzisa ilitha ngalinye obanikeza lona.
Abesilisa bahlala bebhikisha futhi bejaha abesifazane (yingakho kubalulekile ukuthi okungenani kube nabesifazane ababili kowesilisa ngamunye). Eziduna zizofuthelana ngesinqa sazo sangemuva, zigobise imizimba yazo zishwabane kancane ngomzamo wokunqoba insikazi. Kodwa-ke, ukuqomisana njalo nokuzalanisa kungaba nzima kwabesifazane, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukubanikeza ikhava eningi.
Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo, kufanele igcinwe kuphela nezinhlanzi ezincane nezinokuthula. Isibonelo, okhadinali, i-rasbora, imithala emincane kakhulu, ama-neon ajwayelekile, i-neon ebomvu, i-catfish emabala.
Futhi, akufanele igcinwe nemidlwane ejwayelekile, ngenxa yokuthi ayizali ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngokuvamile, kuyinhlanzi enokuthula futhi engenabungozi engahlupheka ngezinye izinhlanzi.
Zizwana ngokuthula nezimfanzi, kufaka phakathi ezincane, ezinjengama-cherries.
Ukungafani ngokocansi
I-Poeceilia wingei iyinhlobo ye-dimorphic. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kunokwehluka ngosayizi nokubukeka phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Abesilisa bancane kakhulu (cishe isigamu!) Futhi banemibala eminingi.
Izinsikazi zinkulu, zinesisu esikhulu futhi azinambala kahle.
Ukuzala
Ilula kakhulu, imidlwane yama-Endler izalela ku-aquarium ejwayelekile futhi iyasebenza kakhulu. Ukuze uzalise izondli udinga izinhlanzi ezimbalwa kuphela. Ukuzala kuzokwenzeka inqobo nje uma abesilisa nabesifazane besethangini elifanayo futhi akudingi kuqeqeshwa okukhethekile. Amapharamitha wamanzi, izinga lokushisa, isilinganiso sowesilisa nowesifazane, izitshalo, amasheya asezingeni eliphansi noma amasheduli wokukhanyisa aguquliwe adingekayo ekukhiqizeni ezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi eziningi kulokhu akunandaba.
Okunye bazokwenza ngokwabo. Abanye abazilibazisa bagcina abanye besilisa ukuze i-fry ingaveli.
Abesilisa bahlala bejaha insikazi, bayifaka umquba. Zizala ifry eyakhiwe ngokuphelele, njengoba igama lisho ukuthi "viviparous". Owesifazane angaphonsa gazinga njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-23-24, kepha ngokungafani nemidlwane ejwayelekile, inani lamafry lincane, lisuka ezingcezwini ezi-5 kuye kwezingu-25.
Ama-Endler females (namanye amaPoeciliidaee amaningi) angagcina isidoda ekuhlanganyeleni kwangaphambilini, ngakho-ke angaqhubeka nokukhiqiza gazinga kuze kube unyaka ngisho noma kungekho abesilisa abasemathangini.
Abazali abavamile ukuzidla izingane zabo, kepha indlela engcono yokubazala ukuwabeka ku-aquarium ehlukile.
UMaleki uzalwe emkhulu ngokwanele futhi angadla ngokushesha i-brine shrimp nauplii noma ukudla okomile kwefry.
Uma ubondla kabili noma kathathu ngosuku, khona-ke bakhula ngokushesha okukhulu futhi ngemuva kwamasonto ama-3-5 banemibala. Ukushisa kwamanzi afudumele kubonakala kuthanda ukukhula kwamadoda, kuyilapho amazinga okushisa abandayo ethanda ukukhula kwezinsikazi. Isilinganiso esilinganayo (50/50), ngokusobala, sitholakala cishe ngama-25 ° C. Abesifazane bayakwazi ukuzala kakade ezinyangeni ezimbili ngemuva kokuzalwa.
Izifo
USemolina
I-Semolina noma i-Ich ngesiNgisi isifinyezo se-Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, esizibonakalisa ngale ndlela elandelayo - umzimba wenhlanzi umbozwe amaqhuqhuva amhlophe, afana ne-semolina. Njengoba lezi zinhlanzi zikwazi ukubekezelela amazinga okushisa aphezulu, amazinga aphezulu okushisa kwamanzi nokusetshenziswa kwemithi, kungaba ukwelashwa okuhle ukuqala. Ushintsho lwamanzi nosawoti nakho kuyasiza!
Ukuphela kokubola
Izinhlanzi zinamaphiko amahle, amakhulu, kepha nazo zingabanjwa amaphiko nokubola komsila. Ukubola kubonakala ngethiphu emnyama, umsila ohlehlayo nonyamalalayo.
Amanzi ahlanzekile angenye yezindlela ezilula zokulwa nalezi zinhlobo zezifo! Uma lesi sifo siqhubeka ngokushesha futhi ushintsho lwamanzi lungasizi, iya kwahlukanisela umuntu imithi kanye nemithi. Imethylene eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma imikhiqizo equkethe kuyindlela enhle yokwelapha ukubola okuqinile komsila. Udinga ukuba nayo ebhokisini lakho lokuphumula lezinye izifo futhi.
