Inyamazane yegundane (iTergulus javanicus) ingeyomndeni wezinyamazane, i-artiodactyl oda.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zenyamazane yegundane
Izinyamazane zegundane yi-artiodactyl encane kunazo zonke futhi inobude bomzimba obungu-18-22 cm, umsila ongama-intshi amabili ubude. Isisindo somzimba 2.2 kuye ku-4.41 lbs.
Izimpondo azikho; esikhundleni sazo, owesilisa osekhulile unabise imisele ephezulu. Banamathela ngapha nangapha komlomo. Owesifazane akanawo ama-canine. Usayizi wesifazane mncane. Inyamazane yegundane inephethini ebonakalayo emise okokhelekile emmangweni. Umbala wejazi unsundu ngombala wewolintshi. Isisu simhlophe. Kukhona uchungechunge lokumakwa okume mpo okumhlophe entanyeni. Ikhanda lingunxantathu, umzimba uyindilinga nge-hindquarter enwetshiwe. Imilenze mncane njengamapensela. Izinyamazane ezincane zamagundane zibukeka njengabantu abadala abancane, kepha ama-canine abo awathuthukiswa.
Isimo sokongiwa kwenyamazane yegundane
Ukulinganiselwa kokuqala kwenani lezinyamazane zegundane kudinga ukucaciswa. Kungenzeka ukuthi ayikho neyodwa inhlobo ehlala eJava, kodwa ezimbili noma ezintathu, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukwabela ukuhlolwa okubucayi kuTragulus javanicus. Akukho lwazi oluqondile lokuthi zingaki izinhlobo zezinyamazane ezihlala esiqhingini saseJava. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nokwamukela ukucabanga ukuthi kukhona uhlobo olulodwa kuphela lwenyamazane yegundane, idatha yohlu olubomvu incane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwehliswa kwenombolo ezofakwa Ohlwini Olubomvu kufanele kwenzeke ngokushesha okwanele.
Uma inyamazane yegundane ikhombisa izimpawu zokwehla, ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi ibekwe esigabeni "sezinhlobo ezisengozini", lokhu kudinga ucwaningo olukhethekile kulo lonke iJava ukuze kuthethelelwe lesi simo sezinhlobo ezivela ohlwini olubomvu. Isimo samanje sidinga ukucaciswa ngosizo lwezinhlolovo ezikhethekile (izingcingo zamakhamera). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ucwaningo lwabazingeli bendawo ezifundeni ezimaphakathi nezingasemngceleni lunikeza imininingwane ebalulekile ngenani lezinyamazane zegundane.
Izinyamazane zegundane ziyasakazeka
Inyamazane yegundane ivame kakhulu eziqhingini zaseJava nase-Indonesia. Mhlawumbe lo mmeleli wama-artiodactyls naye uhlala eBali, njengoba kufakazelwa okunye ukubonwa eBali Barat National Park. Ngokunikezwa ukuhweba okuqondile kwezilwane ezingavamile eJava, imininingwane eyengeziwe iyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ngabe lolu hlobo lwendabuko noma luyaziswa eBali.
Inyamazane yegundane itholakala eduze kwaseCirebon ogwini olusenyakatho neWest Java.
Futhi kushiwo engxenyeni esentshonalanga yeJava, ogwini oluseningizimu. Uhlala esiqiwini seGunung Halimun, Ujung Kulon. Kwenzeka endaweni yasethafeni laseDieng enkangala (400-700 m ngenhla kogu lolwandle). Kutholakale inyamazane yegundane eGunung Gede - ePangangro ebangeni elingamamitha ayi-1600 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle
Indawo yokuhlala izinyamazana
Izinyamazane zegundane zitholakale kuzo zonke izifundazwe. Isatshalaliswa ngamandla kusuka ezingeni lolwandle kuya ezintabeni eziphakeme. Ikhetha izindawo ezinotshani obuminyene bezimila, ngokwesibonelo, osebeni lomfula.
Ukuzalela izinyamazana zegundane
Izinyamazana zegundane zingazala noma ngasiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Insikazi izala izingane izinyanga ezi-4 1/2. Izala imvu eyodwa kuphela embozwe ngoboya obuzalayo. Kungakapheli nemizuzu engama-30 izelwe, iyakwazi ukulandela unina. Ukuncelisa ubisi kuthatha amasonto ayi-10-13. Lapho uneminyaka engu-5-6 izinyanga, inyamazane yegundane iyakwazi ukuzala. Isikhathi sokuphila yiminyaka eyi-12.
Ukuziphatha kwezinyamazana zegundane
Izinyamazane zegundane zivame ukwakha amaqembu emindeni eyodwa. Abanye abantu bahlala bodwa. Lawa ma-artiodactyls anamahloni kakhulu futhi azama ukuhlala engaziwa. Bona, njengomthetho, bayathula futhi kuphela lapho besaba bakhipha ukukhala okuhlabayo.
Izinyamazane zegundane zisebenza kakhulu ebusuku.
Bahamba ngemigudu emahlathini aminyene emizileni ukuze bafinyelele ezindaweni zokupheka nokuphumula. Amadoda ezinyamazane ayindawo. Bajwayele ukumaka izindawo zabo kanye namalungu omndeni wabo ngokukhipha imfihlakalo ephuma endlaleni ye-intermandibular etholakala ngaphansi kwesilevu, futhi ibamaka nangokuchama noma ngokuzikhulula.
Izinyamazane zesilisa ezingamagundane zingazivikela zona kanye nezihlobo zazo, zixoshe izimbangi, futhi ziphishekele, zisebenza ngamazinyo abukhali. Uma kunengozi, laba bantu abancane abangaxwayisiwe baxwayisa abanye abantu nge-'drum roll ', ngenkathi begileka ngokushesha izinselo zabo emhlabathini ngejubane lama-7 ngomzuzwana. Usongo olukhulu emvelweni luqhamuka ezinyonini ezinkulu ezidla izilwane kanye nasezihuquzelayo.
Ukudla izinyamazana zegundane
Izinyamazana zegundane ziyakhanyisa. Izisu zazo ziyikhaya lamagciwane amancane alusizo akhiqiza ama-enzyme wokugaya ukudla okumbaxa okunothe nge-fiber. Endle, ama-ungulates adla amaqabunga, amahlumela nezithelo eziqoqwa ezihlahleni nasezihlahleni. Kuma-zoo, inyamazane yegundane nayo ifunzwa ngamaqabunga nezithelo. Kwesinye isikhathi, kanye nokudla kwezitshalo, badla izinambuzane.
Izizathu zokwehla kwenani lezinyamazane zegundane
Izinyamazana zegundane zithengiswa njalo ezimakethe zamadolobha afana neJakarta, Surabaya, Yogyakarta, Malang. Zivame ukugcinwa emakhejini amancane futhi amancane ngakho-ke kunzima ukuzibona. Ukuthengiswa kwama-ungulates angavamile bekuqhubeka ngezinga eliphezulu amashumi amaningi eminyaka. Zithengiswa zombili izilwane ezifuywayo nenyama.
Isibalo sezilwane ezidlula ezimakethe eJakarta, Bogor, naseSukabumi sehle kakhulu muva nje, mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuqinisa izilawuli zamaphoyisa asehlathini kulezi zimakethe. Kodwa ukwehla kwezohwebo kusikisela ukuthi ukwehla kwezohwebo kuhlotshaniswa nobunzima obukhulayo bokuthumba izilwane ngakho-ke kukhombisa ukwehla kwamanani.
Ama-ungulates asengozini yokuzingela okusebenzayo ebusuku.
Izinyamazane zegundane ziphuphuthekiswa ukukhanya okuqinile futhi izilwane ziphazamiseka futhi zibe yisisulu sabazingeli abangekho emthethweni. Ngakho-ke, ukonakala kwezindawo zokuhlala nokuzingelwa okungalawulwa kwezinyamazane zegundane kuyakhathaza.
Unogada wezinyamazana zegundane
Izinyamazana zegundane zihlala eziqiwini ezakhiwe ngekhulu elidlule. Ngo-1982, uhulumeni wase-Indonesia washicilela uhlu lwamapaki kazwelonke kanye nohlelo lwezinyathelo zemvelo. Ngawo-1980s kwaze kwaba maphakathi nawo-1990, amapaki kazwelonke eJava ahlala engaphelele futhi abalekela ukugawulwa kwemithi ngokungemthetho, ukungena kwezolimo nezimayini.
Izinguquko kwezenhlalo nakwezombusazwe kusukela ngo-1997 ziholele ekwehlisweni kwamandla ezindawo ekuphathweni kwezindawo ezivikelekile, ngakho-ke, kule minyaka eyishumi edlule, kuye kwanda ukucekelwa phansi kwemvelo kanye nokuzingela ngokungemthetho, okuthinta kakhulu inani lezinyamazane zegundane.
