IBrazil, enabantu abangama-205,716,890 kusukela ngoJulayi 2012, itholakala eMpumalanga yeNingizimu Melika, eduzane noLwandlekazi i-Atlantic. IBrazil ihlanganisa indawo ephelele ye-8,514,877 km2 futhi iyizwe lesihlanu ngobukhulu emhlabeni ngomhlaba. Izwe linesimo sezulu esishisayo kakhulu.
IBrazil yathola inkululeko kusuka kumaPutukezi ngo-1822 futhi kusukela lapho yagxila ekwenzeni ngcono ukukhula kwayo kwezolimo nakwezimboni. Namuhla, izwe lithathwa njengamandla amakhulu kwezomnotho kanye nomholi wesifunda eNingizimu Melika. Ukukhula kweBrazil emkhakheni wezimayini kusize ekuthuthukiseni umnotho wezwe nokukhombisa ukuba khona kwawo ezimakethe zomhlaba.
Amazwe amaningana anikezwa ngemithombo yemvelo, kanti iBrazil ingelinye lawo. Lapha kutholakala ngobuningi: i-iron ore, i-bauxite, i-nickel, i-manganese, i-tin. Kusuka ezintweni ezingezona eze-ore: itopazi, amatshe ayigugu, i-granite, i-limestone, ubumba, isihlabathi. Izwe licebile ngemithombo yamanzi nehlathi.
Insimbi
Ingenye yezinsiza zemvelo eziwusizo kakhulu ezweni. IBrazil ingumkhiqizi owaziwa kakhulu wensimbi futhi ingumkhiqizi nomthumeli wezimpahla omkhulu kunabo bonke emhlabeni. IVale, inkampani enkulu kunazo zonke yaseBrazil, ibamba iqhaza ekukhipheni amaminerali nezinsimbi ezivela emithonjeni ehlukahlukene yemvelo. Iyinkampani edume kakhulu yensimbi emhlabeni.
AmaManganese
IBrazil inezinsizakusebenza ezanele zama-manganese. Ubejwayele ukuba sesikhundleni esiphambili, kepha muva nje uphushelwe eceleni. Isizathu kwaba ukuphela kwezinqolobane nokwanda komkhiqizo wezimboni kwamanye amandla, njenge-Australia.
Amafutha
Izwe belingacebile ngemithombo kawoyela kusukela ekuqaleni. Ngenxa yenkinga kawoyela ngawo-1970, yabhekana nokushoda okuyinhlekelele. Cishe amaphesenti angama-80 okuphelele kukaphethiloli ezweni lonke angenisiwe, okuholele ekutheni kube namanani aphezulu, abenele ukudala inkinga yezomnotho ezweni. Ngenxa yalokhu kukhuthazeka, umbuso waqala ukuzakhela izinkambu zawo nokwandisa inani lokukhiqiza.
Izinkuni
IBrazil inezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane. Leli lizwe lidume ngezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo. Isizathu esikhulu sempumelelo yezomnotho wezwe ubukhona bemboni yezingodo. Izinkuni zikhiqizwa kulezi zingxenye ngobuningi.
Izinsimbi
Iningi lezinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kuleli zifaka insimbi. Insimbi ikhiqizwe eBrazil kusukela ngawo-1920. Ngo-2013, izwe lamenyezelwa ukuthi lingumkhiqizi wensimbi wesishiyagalolunye ngobukhulu emhlabeni jikelele, onamathani ayizigidi ezingama-34.2 zokukhiqiza minyaka yonke. Cishe amathani ayizigidi ezingama-25.8 ensimbi athunyelwa yiBrazil emazweni ahlukene omhlaba. Abathengi abakhulu yiFrance, Germany, Japan, China nePRC.
Ngemuva kwensimbi, impahla elandelayo enkulu yokuthekelisa yaseBrazil igolide. IBrazil njengamanje ithathwa njengomkhiqizi we-13 ngobukhulu wale nsimbi eyigugu emhlabeni, enomthamo wokukhiqiza wamathani ayizigidi ezingama-61, okulingana cishe no-2.5% womkhiqizo womhlaba.
IBrazil ingumkhiqizi wesithupha we-aluminium ohamba phambili emhlabeni, kwathi ngo-2010 yakhiqiza amathani angaphezu kwezigidi eziyisishiyagalombili e-bauxite. Ukuthunyelwa kwe-aluminium ngonyaka ka-2010 kwaba ngamathani ayi-760,000, okulinganiselwa ku- $ 1.7 billion.
Amagugu
Njengamanje, izwe laqhubeka lisebenza njengomkhiqizi ohamba phambili futhi othumela kwamanye amazwe amatshe ayigugu eNingizimu Melika. IBrazil ikhiqiza amatshe ayigugu asezingeni eliphakeme njenge-paraiba tourmaline netopazi yasebukhosini.
Phosphates
Ngo-2009, ukukhiqizwa kwedwala le-phosphate eBrazil kwakungamathani ayizigidi ezingu-6.1, kwathi ngo-2010 kwaba amathani ayizigidi ezingu-6.2. Cishe ama-86% wezindawo zokugcina zamatshe ezikhiqizwa yizinkampani ezihola phambili zezimayini ezifana neFosfértil S.A., Vale, Ultrafértil S.A. ne-Bunge Fertilizantes S.A. Ukusetshenziswa kwasekhaya kwama-concentrate kufinyelela kumathani ayizigidi eziyi-7.6, ngenkathi ukungeniswa kwamanye amazwe - amathani ayizigidi eziyi-1.4.
