Endaweni yaseMoscow nesifunda saseMoscow, ungathola amahlathi ophayini, i-larch ne-spruce avela ezihlahleni ze-coniferous. Izinhlobonhlobo ezinjalo zingenxa yokuthi amanye amahlathi abetshalwe ngabantu ngokungeyena. Ngaphambi kokuba abantu bahlale endaweni yaseMoscow nendawo ezungezile, kwakukhona amahlathi ahlekisayo lapha. Izihlahla ziye zagawulwa ngenhloso yokwakha amakhulu eminyaka, kusukela ngekhulu leshumi nambili. Kusukela ngekhulu le-18 leminyaka, kwenziwa ukuhlelwa komhlaba, kufaka phakathi ama-conifers - i-larch yaseSiberia, uphayini waseYurophu nama-spruces kwatshalwa.
Amahlathi e-spruce
Isifunda saseMoscow sisebhande lehlathi. Amahlathi ahlanganisa cishe u-44% wesifunda. Enyakatho nasenyakatho-ntshonalanga kukhona indawo ye-taiga enezihlahla ze-coniferous. Isihlahla sonwele saseYurophu wesihlahla somdabu sale ndawo yemvelo. Amahlathi ngesihlahla sonwele saseYurophu anenhlanganisela ye-hazel ne-euonymus amboza ingxenye yesifunda saseShakhovsky, iMozhaisky neLotoshinsky. Ukusondela eningizimu, enkabeni yesifunda saseMoscow, kunezihlahla ezinamakhasi abanzi kakhulu, futhi ihlathi le-spruce liba indawo ehlangene yamahlathi. Leli akulona ibhande eliqinile.
I-Ate ithanda inhlabathi emanzi, lapho kuzoba khona izinga eliphezulu lamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Zikhula ngamaqembu, zakhe izihlahlana okunzima ukuzidlula. Kuhle ehlathini lesi-spruce ehlobo, lapho linomthunzi futhi lipholile, nasebusika, lapho kuthule futhi kuzolile. Kula mahlathi, ngaphezu kwezinhlobo ezakha ihlathi, kukhula izinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo ezinezihlahla kanye nezihlahlana.
Amahlathi kaphayini
Amahlathi kaphayini akhula enkangala yaseMeshcherskaya, empumalanga naseningizimu-mpumalanga yesifunda saseMoscow. Izihlahla zikaphayini ziyisisekelo sombhede lapha, zithanda ukukhanya nelanga, kanye nenhlabathi eyomile enesihlabathi, yize itholakala ezindaweni ezinamaxhaphozi nezine-peaty. Lezi zihlahla zinde kakhulu futhi zikhula ngokushesha okukhulu, njengama-conifers. Phakathi kwamahlathi aminyene, kukhona izihlahla ezinamajikijolo namakhowe, kanye nezihlahla zama-walnut. Ama-blueberries nama-lingonberries, i-rosemary yasendle kanye no-lichen, ubulembu kanye notshani kotshani, ama-cranberries nefilakisi yekhokhono akhula lapha. Emahlathini ephayini kuhle ukuhamba nokuphefumula umoya, njengoba izihlahla zikhipha ama-phytoncides - izinto ezilwa namagciwane.
Esigodini sase-Orekhovo-Zuevsky, cishe i-70% yesikhwama sehlathi ihlala amaphayini weminyaka ehlukahlukene:
- izilwane ezincane - kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-10;
- abaneminyaka ephakathi nendawo - cishe abaneminyaka engama-20-35 ubudala;
- esivuthiwe - engaphezu kwengu-40 ubudala.
Amahlathi e-coniferous aseMoscow nesifunda saseMoscow ayingcebo yemvelo yesifunda. Kumele ivikelwe futhi inyuswe, njengoba iyi-ecosystem ekhethekile. Kunendawo enkulu yokuzilibazisa enomoya opholile, ewusizo empilweni yabantu.
