Izibankwa zasekhaya: ziyini?

Izibankwa yizilwanyana ezinwabuzelayo ezinomsila omude nemilenze emine. Eqinisweni, kunezinhlobo eziningi kakhulu zezibankwa. Isibonelo, kune-suborder ehlukile yezibankwa ezingenamlenze, okungenakwenzeka ukuhlukanisa nezinyoka zomuntu onguchwepheshe. Njengamanje, ososayensi bazi izinhlobo ezingaphezu kweziyizinkulungwane eziyisithupha zezibankwa ezihlala cishe kuwo wonke amagumbi omhlaba. Lezi zinhlobo ziyehluka ngokwebala, ngosayizi, nangokuziphatha kokudla. Izinhlobo eziningi zezibankwa ezingaziwa zigcinwa ezindaweni zasekhaya futhi zikwazi ukujwayela ukuhlala ezindaweni ezisemadolobheni.

Izinhlobo zezibankwa, amagama

Ososayensi bahlukanisa zonke izibankwa zaba ama-oda ayisithupha, ngalinye lalo linemindeni engaba ngamashumi amathathu nesikhombisa. Ake sizame ukubukeza kafushane amayunithi amakhulu:

1. Ama-Skinkiformes. Lolu hlobo lwesibankwa lubhekwa njengokuhluka kakhulu. Kubandakanya nezilonda okuthiwa zangempela ezihlala maphakathi neRussia. Eziningi zezilwane ezihuquzelayo zale oda zingabantu abahlala ezindaweni ezishisayo. Bahlala eNingizimu Melika, eMadagascar, eCuba nase-Afrika. Kukhona nezinhlobo ezithile zama-skinkiformes ehlane laseSahara.
2. Ama-Iguaniformes. Leli butho lihlanganisa imindeni engaphezu kweshumi nane. Ummeleli othakazelisa kakhulu walolu hlobo yi-chameleon, ehlala eNingizimu Melika naseMadagascar.
3. Okufana no-Gecko. Lolu hlobo lwesibankwa aluyona evame kakhulu. Kukuye ukuthi ezinye izibankwa ezingenamlenze zingezakhe, okulula ukuzidida nezinyoka. Izilwane ezinwabuzelayo ezinjalo zitholakala e-Australia nakwezinye iziqhingi eziseningizimu.
4. I-Fusiform. Leli oda limelelwa kakhulu yizibankwa eziqapha nezilonda ezingenamlenze.
5. Izibankwa ezifana nezikelemu. Izibankwa zalolu hlobo ngaphandle zifana nezikelemu ezinkulu zomhlaba. Bahlala emahlathini emvula asezindaweni ezishisayo nasezindaweni ezishisayo zaseMexico, e-Indonesia nase-Indochina.
6. Izintwala. Le nhlobo imelwe yizilwane ezinwabuzelayo ezinkulu. Esikhathini esiningi lezi yizilonda zokuqapha ezinesisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu amahlanu. Okuwukuphela kwesibankwa esinobuthi, i-monster gila, naso esalo myalelo. Uluma isisulu sakhe futhi ngasikhathi sinye ujove ubuthi ngaphansi kwesikhumba.

Izibankwa ziyamangaza kakhulu ezinhlotsheni zazo zezinhlobo ezinokuhlukahluka okuningi komunye nomunye. Isibonelo, ummeleli omkhulu wezibankwa, udrako ovela esiQhingini saseKomodo, wayenesisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu ayisishiyagalolunye. Le ndoda ebukekayo iqoshwe kuGuinness Book of Records njengesilonda esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Izisindo ezinzima ezinjalo zondla ngamagundane nezilwane ezihuquzelayo, futhi zingakwazi futhi ukuthenga izinkomo, izingulube zasendle namahhashi.

Iziqhingi bezilokhu zinezinganekwane ngezilo ezazidla abantu esiQhingini saseKomodo. Akukaziwa namanje ukuthi ngabe sikhona yini isisekelo sangempela ngaphansi kwale nganekwane, kepha akunzima ukucabanga ukuthi yikuphi ukwethuka okungcwele okucishe kube yizilonda eziyikhulu lamakhilogremu okwakubangele abantu besiqhingi abangafundile. Abantu abaningi basabiza lezi zibankwa zokuqapha "i-Great Dragon".
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Izibankwa ezincanyana azifinyeleli ngisho emasentimitheni amabili, kanti isisindo sazo siyizingxenye ezimbili kweziyishumi zegremu. Lezi zingane zihlala eDominican Republic naseVirgin Islands.

Umehluko phakathi kwezibankwa nezinye izilwane ezihuquzelayo

Izibankwa zinomzimba omude onesikali esilinganayo futhi ezinemilenze, imilenze eqine ebavumela ukuba babambe ngobuciko kunoma iyiphi indawo. Umbala imvamisa uyinhlanganisela yemibala eluhlaza, ensundu noluhlaza okotshani. Ezinye izinhlobo zezibankwa ziyakwazi ukulingisa. Izilwane ezihuquzelayo zasogwadule zaphumelela ikakhulukazi kulokhu. Ulimi lwezibankwa luhamba kakhulu. Kungaba ngezindlela ezahlukene nemibala. Esikhathini esiningi, kungosizo lolimi lapho lezi zilwanyana ezihuquzelayo ezinamahloni zibamba inyamazane yazo. Izinhlobo ezehlukene zezibankwa zinamazinyo ngezinhloso ezahlukahlukene. Abanye bagaya inyamazane nabo, abanye bayayiqhekeza. Isibonelo, ukuqapha izibankwa zinamazinyo abukhali kakhulu asika ngokoqobo isisulu sazo.

Ngokubuka, izibankwa eziningi ziyefana nezinyoka. Umehluko omkhulu yimilenze eminyene, kepha izibankwa ezingenamilenze azinayo imilenze. Ungasitshela kanjani isibankwa esingenamlenze enyokeni? Izimpawu ezimbalwa zizosiza ngisho non-professional ukuqonda izinhlobo ezimbili zezilwane ezihuquzelayo:

• izibankwa zinamajwabu amehlo futhi zicwayiza kaningi, kuyilapho izinyoka zingabanikazi bejwabu leso elixubile elihambayo;
• izibankwa zinezindlebe ezibekwe ezinhlangothini zombili zekhanda, ngokungafani nezinyoka ezingezwa ngokuphelele;
• izibankwa zihlala ziyi-molt ezingxenyeni ezithile, kwesinye isikhathi inqubo ye-molting ithatha izinyanga ezimbalwa.

Ama-newt ayizihlobo eziseduze zezibankwa futhi acishe afane nawo. Kepha ukubadida kunzima impela:

• izibankwa zinezikali ezinesikhumba, kanti inewt inesikhumba esibushelelezi ngokuphelele, esimbozwe amafinyila;
• izibankwa ziphefumula ngamaphaphu kuphela, kuyilapho i-newt isebenzisa amaphaphu, izifuba nesikhumba ekuphefumuleni;
• izibankwa zingazala inzalo ephilayo noma zizalele amaqanda esihlabathini, kuthi izintuthwane zizale echibini elinamanzi agobhozayo;
• umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwentsha nesibankwa yikhono lowamuva lokulahla umsila walo uma kwenzeka kuba nengozi.

Isigcilikisha siwuphonsa kanjani emuva umsila waso?

Umshini we-lizard tail ejection ungenye yezinto ezithakazelisa kakhulu emvelweni. Umsila wesirhubuluzi uqukethe uqwanga, okuthi uma kwenzeka kuba ingozi, lwephulwe kalula yimisipha enamandla. Ukucindezela kuvimbela imithambo yegazi, futhi ukopha kwegazi ekulahleni umsila akukaze kuphawuleke. Umsila omusha ukhula ngokwanele, ufinyelela usayizi owedlule ezinyangeni eziyisishiyagalombili kuya kweziyisishiyagalolunye. Kwesinye isikhathi umzimba wesibankwa uyahluleka kuthi esikhundleni somsila owodwa kukhule amabili noma amathathu amasha.

Izibankwa zasekhaya: izici zokuqukethwe

Njengamanje, kunesidingo esikhulu sokugcina izibankwa ekhaya. Kumele uqaphele ukuthi ekuthunjweni, lezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo zizala kahle kakhulu, futhi izinga lokusinda lenzalo lingaphezu kwama-70%. Kunzima ngokwanele ukuhlukanisa owesilisa nesibankwa sowesifazane. Umehluko omkhulu uvela kuphela ngemuva kokuthomba:

• abesilisa bezinhlobo ezithile bahlukaniswa nommango okhanyayo we-dorsal, owanda njengoba umuntu ekhula;
• izibankwa besilisa zivame ukuba nezinhlayiya ezibukhali ezinqeni;
• izinhlobo eziningi zinamasaka amakhulu womphimbo.

Zonke lezi zimpawu azikwazi ukunikeza isiqinisekiso samaphesenti ayikhulu ekuzimiseleni ngocansi, ngakho-ke uma uhlela ukuzala izibankwa, lapho-ke nquma ubulili balowo muntu ngokuhlolwa kwegazi emtholampilo wezilwane.

Endle, ukudla kwansuku zonke kwezibankwa kuhluke kakhulu. Lesi silwane esincamela ukuzingela sithanda ukuzingela entathakusa noma ngemuva kokushona kwelanga. Izinambuzane, izibungu nama-molluscs ukudla okuvame kakhulu. Izinhlobo ezinkulu zingadla ezinye ezihuquzelayo, amaqanda ezinyoni, nezinyoni ezincane. Ezinye izibankwa zidla imifino futhi zidla izitshalo nezithelo kuphela. Ekhaya, kuyadingeka ukugcina ukudla okuhlukahlukene kwansuku zonke, yize ukudla kwesibankwa kungaqukatha ukudla okulula kakhulu:

• izinambuzane (izikelemu, izicabucabu, njll.);
• amaqanda aluhlaza;
• inyama eluhlaza eqoshiwe;
• ingxube kavithamini yenkukhu ebilisiwe, izaqathe ezigayiwe namaqabunga e ulethisi;
• izithasiselo ezikhethekile ezivela ezitolo zezilwane.

Ungondla isibankwa kathathu ngosuku ngenkathi eshisayo, futhi kabili ngesikhathi sasebusika. Yize iqiniso lokuthi i-terrarium igcina isimo sezulu esifudumele, isibankwa sizwa ushintsho lwesizini futhi sinciphisa kakhulu umsebenzi waso.

Izintwala zizala kahle ekuthunjweni. Isikhathi sokukhwelana siqala entwasahlobo futhi sihlala izinyanga ezimbalwa. Izibankwa ezinkulu zikhiqiza inzalo kanye kuphela ngonyaka, izinhlobo ezincane zingazala kabili noma kathathu ngesizini ngayinye. Ngokwemvelo, abesilisa bahlala bencintisana nabesifazane, ophumeleleyo uthola ithuba lokuhlangana. Ekuthunjweni, kwanele ukubeka umbhangqwana ku-terrarium eyodwa bese uyishiya yedwa izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ngalesi sikhathi, izibankwa zingenqaba ukudla, kepha amanzi ahlanzekile kufanele atholakale njalo.

Izibankwa zingabeka amaqanda noma zizale izingane esezijwayelwe impilo. Ngokwesilinganiso, izibankwa zizalela amaqanda angaba yishumi bese ziwafihla kude namehlo aphikisayo - esihlabathini noma ngemuva kwamatshe. Amaqanda akulesi simo kuze kube yizinsuku ezingamashumi amane nanhlanu. Amawundlu achanyuselwe cishe azimele ngokuphelele. Izinhlobo ze-Viviparous zezibankwa zithwala amawundlu aze afike ezinyangeni ezintathu. Ngokwesilinganiso, isikhathi sokuphila somuntu omdala asihlali ngaphezu kweminyaka emihlanu.

Izinhlobo zezibankwa ezifuywayo

Izinhlobo eziningi zezibankwa ezingajwayelekile zenza kahle lapho zithunjwa. Ziphila iminyaka emide kakhulu kunezihlobo zazo zasendle futhi maningi amathuba okuthi zikhiqize inzalo. Izinhlobo ezidume kakhulu zezibankwa ezifuywayo zifaka:

I-Bearded agama

Lesi ngesinye sezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezingathobeki kakhulu. Ilungele ama-novice terrarium hobbyists azoba nenjabulo enkulu ukubuka isilwane sawo. Endle, i-agama enentshebe ihlala e-Australia. Sekuyiminyaka eminingi iziphathimandla zaleli zwekazi zilawula ngokuqinile ukuthunyelwa kwalesi silwane esihuquzelayo ezweni, kodwa sekuvele kaningi ukuthi ungathola lesi sibankwa kwamanye amazwekazi, lapho sigxile khona ngempumelelo. Lesi silwane esihuquzelayo sathola igama laso ngenxa yameva nokukhula okuzungeze ikhanda, ngesinye isikhathi saze saqamba igama eliziqhenyayo elithi "udlamanzi olunentshebe". Isibankwa singashintsha umbala kuye ngezinga lokushisa elizungezile nesimo salo.

U-Iguana ungokoqobo

Lesi silwane esihuquzelayo esikhulu esiluhlaza saziwa emibuthanweni ethile njengesilwane esihuquzelayo "esivamile". Ezinye izinhlobo zifinyelela kumamitha amabili ubude namakhilogremu ayisishiyagalombili ngesisindo esiphelele. Izibankwa zalolu hlobo azithobeki ngokuphelele futhi zithandwa ama-terrariumists ngemvelo yazo ezolile. Ama-Iguana adla ukudla kwezitshalo kuphela. Isidingo esibi kakhulu sokugcina lesi sibankwa esokusebenza kwe-terrarium - kufanele sibe sikhulu futhi sikhanyiswe kahle.

Ama-currents

Le ngane ibhekwa njengekhukhamba lase-Asia. I-gecko enamabala ingenza imisindo ehlekisayo, ngokusho kwenganekwane, eletha injabulo emndenini. Abantu base-Asiya bebehlale beletha lesi sibankwa ekhaya elisha njengekati laseRussia. Isigcilikisha sidla ukudla kwezitshalo kuphela, abanikazi abaningi baze bakukhiphe ku-terrarium ukugijimisa indlu.

Isihlahla se-Agama

Lesi sibankwa esimibalabala silungele impilo yesihlahla. Inezinzipho ezinde kanye nekhono lokuzifihla phakathi kwezindawo ezishisayo zasezindaweni ezishisayo. Ezinye izinhlobo ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokugqamile. I-Agama miicates kahle futhi ingalingisa iqabunga eliluhlaza negatsha elomile ngokulinganayo. Lolu hlobo lungenye yezinto ezingenasisekelo. Angafa kalula ekuthunjweni uma ungalandeli eminye yemithetho yokugcina isilwane esihuquzelayo. Ekuqaleni, i-agama iyaxwaya kakhulu kubanikazi, bese ibajwayela futhi ibakhombise ukungazi ngokuphelele.

I-Chameleon inezimpondo ezine

Lesi sibankwa siyintandokazi yabalondolozi be-terrarium abaqeqeshiwe. Ingena ngokuphelele kunoma iyiphi imvelo, ihlangana nazo zonke izinto ezizungezile. Lesi silwane esidla izinambuzane sondla izinambuzane nezithelo ezintsha ezinamanzi. Ukugcina unwabu kudinga ikhono elithile nobuchule. Isibonelo, lesi sibankwa asiwaphuzi amanzi.

Ukuze uyinisele, kufanele ufafaze kakhulu izitshalo ku-terrarium noma ufake imithombo. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi, yize kubonakala kuhamba kancane, unwabu luyisilonda esinolaka kakhulu. Uyakwazi nokuhlasela umnikazi.

Izibankwa ziyizilwane ezijabulisa kakhulu futhi ezingavamile. Ukunakekelwa okuhle nokondleka kwelula impilo yabo yokuthunjwa kujabulisa abanikazi abanakekelayo.

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