Umgogodla uyisilwane okuvelele hhayi kuphela ikhono lokushintsha imibala, kepha futhi nokukwazi ukuhambisa amehlo ngokuzimela komunye nomunye. Hhayi lawa maqiniso kuphela amenza abe yisibankwa esimangalisa kakhulu emhlabeni.
Izici ze-chameleon nendawo yokuhlala
Kukhona umbono wokuthi igama elithi "chameleon" livela olimini lwesiGreki futhi lisho ukuthi "ingonyama yomhlaba". Uhla lonwabu yi-Afrika, iMadagascar, iNdiya, iSri Lanka neSouthern Europe.
Esikhathini esiningi esitholakala ezindaweni ezingamahlathi kanye nasemahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo, ezinye zihlala emaqeleni kanti inani elincane kakhulu lihlala emathafeni. Namuhla kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-160 zezilwane ezihuquzelayo. Bangaphezu kuka-60 kubo abahlala eMadagascar.
Izinsalela zenyamazane endala kunazo zonke, cishe ezineminyaka eyizigidi ezingama-26 ubudala, zitholakale eYurophu. Ubude besirhubuluzi esimaphakathi bungamasentimitha angama-30. Abantu abakhulu kakhulu Izinhlobo zamankentshane IFurcifer oustaleti ikhula ibe ngamasentimitha angama-70. IBrookesia micra ikhula ize ifike ku-15 mm kuphela.
Ikhanda le-chameleon lihlotshiswe nge-crest, ama-bumps noma izimpondo ezinde futhi ezikhonjiwe. Izici ezinjalo zivela kuphela kwabesilisa. Ngokubukeka kwayo unwabu kubukeka isibankwa, kodwa kuncane abafana ngakho.
Ezinhlangothini, umzimba wonwabu uthambile kangangokuba kubonakala sengathi ubengaphansi kwengcindezi. Ukuba khona kwegebe elinezinsimbi nelikhombe kwenza kubonakale ngathi udrako omncane, intamo cishe ayikho.
Emilenzeni emide futhi emincane kuneminwe emihlanu, ekhule ndawonye ngakolunye uhlangothi komunye nomunye ngeminwe emi-2 nengu-3 futhi yakha uhlobo lwenzipho. Umunwe ngamunye unozipho olubukhali. Lokhu kuvumela isilwane ukuthi sibambe kahle futhi sihambisane nobuso bezihlahla.
Umsila wenyamazane ujiyile kunalokho, kodwa ngasekugcineni uba mncane futhi ungazungeza uguquke. Lokhu futhi kuyisitho sokubamba kwesirhubuluzi. Noma kunjalo, ezinye izinhlobo zinomsila omfushane.
Ulimi lwesirhubuluzi lude ngokuphindwe kabili nengxenye kuya kwesimbili kunomzimba. Babamba inyamazane ngazo. Bephonsa ulimi lwabo ngejubane lombani (amasekhondi angu-0.07), onwabu babamba isisulu, beshiya cishe ithuba lokusindiswa. Izindlebe zangaphandle neziphakathi azikho ezilwaneni, okwenza zibe yisithulu. Kepha, nokho, bayakwazi ukubona imisindo ebangeni lama-200-600 Hertz.
Lokhu okubi kunxeshezelwa ngombono omuhle kakhulu. Izinkophe zeChameleon zihlala zimboza amehlo, njengoba zihlangene. Kunezimbobo ezikhethekile zabafundi. Amehlo angakwesobunxele nangakwesokudla ahamba ngokungaguquguquki, okuvumela ukuthi ubone konke okuzungezile kusuka ekubukeni okungama-degree angama-360.
Ngaphambi kokuhlasela, isilwane sigxila kuwo womabili amehlo esilwaneni. Ikhwalithi yombono yenza kube lula ukuthola izinambuzane ebangeni lamamitha ayishumi. Amankentshane abona kahle ekukhanyeni kwe-ultraviolet. Izilwane ezihuquzelayo zisebenza kakhulu kule ngxenye yomkhanyo wokukhanya kunaleyo ejwayelekile.
Iso likaChameleon esithombeni
Ukuthandwa okukhethekile onondweba okutholwe ngenxa yekhono labo lokushintsha Umbala... Kukhona umbono wokuthi ngokushintsha umbala isilwane sifihlwe njengemvelo, kepha lokhu akulungile. Imizwelo engokomzwelo (ukwesaba, ukuzwa ukulamba, imidlalo yokukhwelana, njll.), Kanye nezimo zemvelo (umswakama, izinga lokushisa, ukukhanya, njll.) Yizinto ezithinta ushintsho kumbala wesirhubuluzi.
Ukuguqulwa kombala kwenzeka ngenxa yama-chromatophores - amaseli aqukethe izingulube ezihambisanayo. Le nqubo ithatha imizuzu eminingana, ngaphandle kwalokho, umbala awushintshi ngokuphawulekayo.
Umlingiswa nendlela yokuphila yojahidada
Amankentshane achitha cishe yonke impilo yawo emagatsheni ezihlahla. Zehla kuphela ngesikhatsi sekukhwelana. Kukulesi simo lapho kulula khona ukuthi unwabu luthobele ukufihla. Kunzima ukuhamba phansi ngezidladla. Ngakho-ke, ukuhamba kwabo kuyazamazama. Ukuba khona kwamaphoyinti amaningi okusekela, kufaka phakathi umsila wokubamba, okuvumela izilwane ukuthi zizizwe zikhulu emahlathini.
Amankentshane ayasebenza ngesikhathi sasemini. Bahamba kancane. Zikhetha ukuba sendaweni eyodwa, zibambe igatsha lesihlahla ngomsila wazo nangezidladla. Kepha bayagijima bagxume ngokushesha okukhulu, uma kunesidingo. Izinyoni ezidla izilwane nezincelisayo, izibankwa ezinkulu nezinye izinhlobo zezinyoka zingaba yingozi ku-chameleon. Lapho sibona isitha, lesi silwanyane sigcwala njengebhaluni, umbala waso uyashintsha.
Njengoba ikhipha umoya, unwabu luqala ukuhogela nokuhayiza, luzama ukwethusa isitha. Kungaze kulume, kepha njengoba isilwane sinamazinyo abuthakathaka, asibangeli amanxeba abucayi. Manje abantu abaningi banesifiso thenga isilwane unyawo... Ekhaya zigcinwa ku-terrarium.U-Chameleon njengesilwane esifuywayo ngeke kudale inkinga enkulu uma umenzela izimo ezikahle. Kule nkinga, kungcono ukubonisana nochwepheshe.
Ukudla
Ukudla kwalo chameleon kwakhiwa izinambuzane ezihlukahlukene. Ngesikhathi siqamekele, lesi silwanyane sihlala egatsheni lesihlahla isikhathi eside, kuphela amehlo ahlala anyakaza. Kuliqiniso, kwesinye isikhathi unwabu lungasinyonyobela isisulu kancane kakhulu. Ukubanjwa kwalesi sinambuzane kwenzeka ngokukhipha ulimi bese udonsela isisulu emlonyeni.
Lokhu kwenzeka ngokushesha, ngemizuzwana emithathu nje kuphela kungabanjwa izinambuzane ezine. Amankentshane abamba ukudla ngosizo lwelulelwe ukuphela kolimi, olusebenza njengonwabu, namathe anamathele kakhulu. Izinto ezinkulu zilungiswa ngenqubo ehambayo ngolimi.
Amanzi asetshenziswa emithonjeni emile. Ngokulahleka komswakama, amehlo aqala ukucwila, izilwane cishe "ziyoma". Ekhaya unwabu ikhetha amakhilikithi, amaphela asezindaweni ezishisayo, izithelo, amaqabunga ezinye izitshalo. Akumele sikhohlwe ngamanzi.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Iningi lonwabu liyi-oviparous. Ngemuva kokukhulelwa, insikazi izala amaqanda kuze kube izinyanga ezimbili. Isikhathi esithile ngaphambi kokubeka amaqanda, umama okhulelwe ukhombisa ukukhathazeka ngokweqile nolaka. Banombala ogqamile futhi abavumeli abesilisa ukuba basondele kubo.
Umama okhulelwe wehlela phansi afune indawo yokumba umgodi abekele amaqanda. Inhlobo ngayinye inenani elihlukile lamaqanda futhi ingahle isuke kusuka kwali-10 kuye kwangama-60. Kungaba nokuhlangana okucishe kube kathathu unyaka wonke. Ukukhula kombungu kungathatha noma kuphi kusuka ezinyangeni ezinhlanu kuya eminyakeni emibili (futhi kuya ngohlobo lwenhlobo).
Izingane zizalwa zizimele futhi, ngokushesha nje lapho zichanyuselwa, zigijimela ezitshalweni ziyocasha ezitheni. Uma eyesilisa ingekho, insikazi ingabeka amaqanda "anamafutha", okungeke kwachanyuselwa kuwo abasha. Ziyanyamalala ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa.
Isimiso sokuzalwa samankentshane e-viviparous asihlukile kakhulu kunama-oviparous. Umehluko ukuthi owesifazane uzala amaqanda ngaphakathi kuye kuze kuzalwe izingane. Kulokhu, kungafika izingane ezingama-20. Amankentshane awakhulisi inzalo yawo.
Isikhathi sokuphila senyamazane singafika eminyakeni eyi-9. Abesifazane baphila impilo emfushane kakhulu njengoba impilo yabo iba buthakathaka ngokukhulelwa. Intengo ye-chameleon Hhayi mude kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ukungajwayelekile kwesilwane, ukubukeka okuhle nemikhuba ehlekisayo kungajabulisa umthandi okhetha kakhulu wezilwane.
