Amasokisi - izimbungulu ezinokubukeka okungavamile nokukhangayo kwazo zonke izihlobo zazo. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ngamakhala, yingakho igama le-primate. Okulandelayo, sizocubungula lesi silwane ngokuningiliziwe futhi sifunde ngendlela yaso yokuphila.
Izici nendawo yokuhlala kwekhala
Inkawu yenono (kahau) yisilwane esingandile kakhulu esitholakala kuphela esiqhingini saseKalimantan (Borneo), esiphakathi kweBrunei, iMalaysia ne-Indonesia. Ukuzingela, kanye nokugawulwa kwamahlathi ngokushesha, kuholela ekulahlekelweni kwendawo yokuhlala enomsoco.
Ngaphandle kokuthi babhalwe kwiRed Book, inani labantu lehla ngokushesha, kusele ngaphansi kwezinkulungwane ezintathu kuphela. Lezi zilwane ezihlekisayo zivame kakhulu endaweni yaseSibah eduze noMfula iKinabatangan.
Indawo yokuhlalaamakhala emfuyo lapho kugcinwa khona amaminerali adingekayo, usawoti kanye nezinye izinto zokudla okunomsoco, okungukuthi, izihlahla zemango, ama-peat bogs, amahlathi anexhaphozi, amanzi ahlanzekile. Ezifundeni eziphakama ngaphezu kwamamitha angama-350 ngaphezu kolwandle, izilwane azitholakali.
Ubukhulu besilisa abadala bungafinyelela kuma-75 cm, isisindo - 15-24 kg. Izinsikazi ziyisigamu sobukhulu futhi zilula. Amakhala anomsila omude impela - cishe u-75 cm. I-cohau inombala othakazelisa kakhulu. Ngenhla, umzimba wabo unombala obomvu, ngezansi kumhlophe, umsila nezitho zimpunga, ubuso obungenazo nhlobo izinwele bubomvu.
Kepha umehluko wabo omkhulu kwezinye izinhlobo zezinkawu usemakhaleni amakhulu, esiswini esikhulu nasebudodeni obomvu ngokugqamile emadodeni amadala, ahlala esesimweni sokujabula.
Kuze kube manje, ososayensi abakafiki esiphethweni esisodwa sokuthi kungani amakhala enamakhala amakhulu kangaka. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi zisiza izilwane ngesikhathi sokuntywila futhi zisebenza njengombhobho wokuphefumula.
Kodwa-ke, umbuzo uvela ukuthi kungani abesifazane abaphucwa lesi sithunzi bengaminzi. Abanye ochwepheshe babeka phambili ukuthi ikhala liqinisa izingcingo zabesilisa futhi lisize ukulawula ukushisa komzimba.
Kwesinye isikhathi ikhala elingamasentimitha ayi-10, elibunjwe njengekhukhamba, liphazamisa ukudla. Lapho-ke izilwane kufanele zimsekele ngezandla zazo. Uma isilwane sithukuthele noma siyaluza, ikhala liba likhulu ngokwengeziwe bese liphenduka libe bomvu.
Ngokukhula, amakhala akhula abe makhulu. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ubulili obulungile buzohlala bukhetha owesilisa onekhala elikhulu lokuzala. Bona kanye nezilwane ezisencane banesitho somzimba esinamakhala amaningi kunesikhathi eside.
Esithombeni kunentambo yabesifazane
Isisu esikhuluiqembu lamasokisi kubangelwa isisu esikhulu. Inamagciwane asiza ukubilisa ukudla. Lokhu kufaka isandla ku:
- ukuwohloka kwe-fiber, ubukhulu buhlinzekwa ngamandla atholakala kuhlaza (akukho zinkawu ezinkulu noma abantu abanikezwe lezo zici);
- ukungathathi hlangothi kwezinhlobo ezithile zobuthi ngamagciwane, ngakho-ke, ama-nosy angadla izitshalo ezinye izilwane ezingazifaka ubuthi.
Kodwa-ke, kukhona nokubi kulokhu:
- ukuvutshelwa kwezithelo ezinoshukela noshukela kungaholela ekuqongeleleni ngokweqile kwamagesi emzimbeni (ukuqothuka), okungaholela ekufeni kwesilwane;
- Amakhala awadli ukudla kwezitshalo okuqukethe ama-antibiotic, ngoba lokhu kubulala amagciwane esiswini.
Ngokubukeka kwabo kwasekuqaleni, ikhala elikhulu nesisu, abantu bendawo babiza ama-nosy "inkawu yaseDashi" ngokufana kwawo kwangaphandle namaDashi enza lesi siqhingi ikoloni.
Isimo nendlela yokuphila
Kusuka ohlangothini, amakhala asisilwane esinonile futhi esixakile, kepha-ke lokhu kuyiphutha. Bona, bashwiba ngezandla zabo, bagxume besuka egatsheni baye egatsheni ngobuchule obufiselekayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, bangahamba ngemilenze emibili ibanga elide impela. Ama-gibbon namakhala kuphela awo wonke ama-primates anale khono. Ezindaweni ezivulekile, zihamba ngezitho ezine, futhi phakathi kwezihlahlana zezihlahla zingahamba cishe zibheke phezulu.
Kuwo wonke amabele, i-kahau ibhukuda kakhulu. Agxuma aqonde ngqo ezihlahleni angene emanzini futhi ahambe kalula ngaphansi kwamanzi ibanga lamamitha angama-20. Zibhukuda njengenja, ngenkathi zisiza izitho zangemuva, ezinolwelwesi oluncane.
Kusukela ezelwe, umama wesifazane ucwilisa ingane yakhe emanzini, bese ekhwela masinyane emahlombe kanina agcwalise amaphaphu ngomoya. Yize zinekhono elihle lokubhukuda, izilwane aziwathandi ngempela amanzi, imvamisa zicasha kuwo ezinambuzaneni ezicasulayo.
Lezi zinkawu ezinobungane zihlangana ngamaqembu. Kungaba yizindlovukazi, eziqukethe owesilisa osekhulile nabesifazane abayi-7-10, bonke abanye yizingane nezilwane ezincane. Noma iqembu lezinsizwa ezizimele ezenziwe ngomumo.
Lapho zifinyelela ebusheni, abesilisa bayaxoshwa endaweni yabesifazane, kuyilapho abesifazane asebekhulile behlala kuyo. Eqenjini elilodwa lamasokisi, kungafinyelela ezilwaneni ezingama-30. Abesifazane abadala bangashintsha ama-harem abo kaningana empilweni yabo yonke.
Ebusuku noma ngokuhlanganyela bafuna ukudla, amaqembu angajoyina ndawonye. Amaphara axhumana ngokubhonga, ukubhonga, imisindo ehlukahlukene yamakhala, nokuklabalasa. Ngesikhathi somsindo owedlulele endaweni yabesifazane, owesilisa osekhulile uzama ukwehlisa wonke umuntu ngomsindo omnene wamakhala. Izinkawu zixazulula izingxabano ngosizo lokumemeza: ngubani omemeza kakhulu, bese kuba ukunqoba. Ohluliwe kufanele ahambe ehlazeka.
Amakhala alala ezihlahleni ezisendaweni eseduze namanzi. Umsebenzi wabo omkhulu ubonwa engxenyeni yesibili yosuku, futhi uphela ngokuqala kokuhwalala. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi amakhala awakwazi ukuhlala kude namanzi, ngoba uma kungenjalo ngeke abe nezakhamzimba ezanele zokuxhasa umzimba.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nkawu ayizwani nabantu, ngokungafani nezizukulwane zayo eziningi. Zonke izici abanikwe zona ngabantu azinhle. Bachazwa njengezinkawu zasendle, ezikhohlisayo, ezimbi, ezihamba kancane nezivilaphayo.
Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe isibindi esingajwayelekile abavikela ngaso iqembu labo lapho behlaselwa yizitha, kanye nokungabikho kwengxabano engenasimilo nokuziphatha okubi. Futhi bahlakaniphe ngokwanele.
Ukudla okunomsoco kwamasokisi
Ufuna ukudlaikhala elivamile ingahlanganisa ibanga elingaba amakhilomitha amabili. Ukudla kwabo kuqukethe izithelo ezingavuthiwe hhayi ezinamanzi namaqabunga amancane. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, izilwane zisebenzisa izinhlobo ezingama-30 zamaqabunga, ama-17 - amahlumela, izimbali nezithelo, izinhlobo ezingama-47 zezitshalo.
Lezi zinkawu zinomncintiswano omncane noma ongenawo nhlobo phakathi kwamaqembu noma ngaphakathi kwazo. Akukho ukusatshalaliswa okucacile kwezindawo, bangagcina kuphela eminye imikhawulo. Abamele ama-macaque nezimfene kuphela abangagxambukela ekudleni bese bebaxosha esihlahleni.
Ukukhiqiza kanye nempilo yekhala
Ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, owesifazane ungowokuqala ukuthatha isinyathelo, aphume nezindebe, anikine ikhanda, akhombise izitho zakhe zangasese futhi ngezinye izindlela akhombise ukulungela kwakhe ukuya ocansini. Ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kamuva, kuzalwa ingane eyodwa enomlomo ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ikhala elifinywa kanye nesisindo esingaba ngu-500g. Umbala wesifonyo uba mpunga kakhulu ngemuva kwezinyanga ezintathu bese kancane kancane uthola umbala womuntu omdala.
Esithombeni kukhona ikhala lengane
Ingane incela ubisi lukanina izinyanga eziyisikhombisa, ngemuva kwalokho isengaphansi kukanina isikhathi esithile. Izilwane zifinyelela ekuvuthweni ngokocansi zineminyaka engama-5-7 ubudala; abesilisa bavuthwa kancane kunabesifazane. Ezimweni ezethulwe endle, ama-nosy angaphila kuze kube yiminyaka engama-23. Ukugcina ekuthunjweni kungaletha lesi sibalo kuze kube yiminyaka engama-30.
