Imnyama Mamba kubhekwe njengenye yezinyoka eziyingozi kakhulu, ezisheshayo nezingesabi. Uhlobo lwe-Dendroaspis, okungolwesi silwanyana esihuquzelayo, ngokwezwi nezwi lisho "inyoka yesihlahla" ngesiLatini.
Ngokuphikisana negama laso, umbala waso kaningi awusiye omnyama (ngokungafani nomlomo, ngenxa yokuthi uthole igama lawo lesidlaliso). Abantu bamesaba ngokusobala futhi besaba nokuphimisa igama lakhe langempela, ukuze engaqondile angabe esasizwa futhi angathathi lesi senzo njengesimemo sokuvakasha, asifake esikhundleni somfanekiso “lowo ophindisela ububi obenziwe”.
Ngaphandle kwazo zonke izinkolelo-ze ezikhona okufihlwe ukwesaba okujwayelekile, ososayensi nabo bayakuqinisekisa lokho inyoka emnyama imamba empeleni, akuyona nje enye yezinyoka ezinobuthi kakhulu emhlabeni wonke, kodwa futhi inokuziphatha okunolaka ngokweqile.
Izici nendawo okuhlala kuyo imamba emnyama
Ubukhulu bemamba emnyama ngokuvamile yaziwa njengolukhulu kunazo zonke ezinye izinhlobo zalolu hlobo. Mhlawumbe yingakho kuncane kakhulu okujwayelwe ukuhlala ezihlahleni futhi imvamisa kutholakala phakathi kwezihlahlana ezingavamile zezihlahla.
Abantu abadala bafinyelela kubude obufinyelela kumamitha amathathu, noma kunjalo amacala angawodwa aqoshwe lapho ubude bezinhlobo ezithile bungaphezu kwamamitha amane nohhafu. Ngenkathi ihamba, le nyoka ikwazi ukuhamba ngesivinini esingaphezu kwamakhilomitha ayishumi nanye ngehora, endaweni eyisicaba, ijubane lokujikijela kwayo lingafinyelela amakhilomitha angamashumi amabili ngehora.
Umbala wabamele abadala balezi zinhlobonhlobo uvame kakhulu kusuka kokumnyama onsundu kuya kokumnyama, noma kunabantu abathile abanombala onhlobonhlobo. Lapho zisencane, lezi zinyoka zivame ukungabi namandla kakhulu futhi zisukela kokumhlophe kuya kokukhanyayo ngokukhanyayo.
Imamba emnyama ihlala ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezisuka eSomalia ziye eSenegal naseSouth West Africa ziye e-Ethiopia. Iphinde isatshalaliswe eSouth Sudan, Tanzania, Kenya, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe naseDemocratic Republic of the Congo.
Njengoba ingaguquguquki ukuba iphile ezihlahleni, cishe akunakwenzeka ukuhlangana nayo ehlathini lemvula elishisayo. Indawo yayo eyinhloko imithambeka egcwele amatshe, izigodi zemifula, ama-savanna namahlathi angavamile anamahlathi amancane amahlathi ahlukahlukene.
Njengoba iningi lamazwe okwakuhlala kuwo abamele uhlobo lweDendroaspis njengamanje kuhlala abantu, imamba emnyama iphoqeleka ukuthi ihlale eduze nemizana emincane kanye namadolobha.
Enye yezindawo lapho le nyoka ithanda ukutholakala khona yizihlahlana zomhlanga, lapho, empeleni, iningi lokuhlaselwa kwayo kubantu kwenzeka khona. Futhi, kaningi, abamele lolu hlobo bahlala ezigungwini zomuhlwa ezishiyiwe, emigodini nasemigodini yezihlahla esendaweni ephakeme ngokwanele.
Isimo nendlela yokuphila kwemamba emnyama
Imamba emnyama - inyoka enobuthi, futhi umehluko wayo kwezinye izilwane ezihuquzelayo eziyingozi kubantu isekuziphatheni okunolaka ngendlela emangalisayo. Akuyona into engavamile ukuthi ihlasele kuqala, ngaphandle kokulinda usongo olusheshayo oluvela kubantu.
Iphakamisa ingxenye engenhla yomzimba wayo futhi yenze ukusekelwa emsileni, yenza ukuphonsa ngokushesha ngakuyo isisulu sayo, iyilume ngomzuzwana oqhekekile futhi ingayivumeli ukuthi ibuyele ezingqondweni zayo. Imvamisa, ngaphambi kokuhlasela umuntu, uvula umlomo kakhulu ngombala omnyama owesabekayo, ongethusa ngisho nabantu abanezinzwa ezinamandla.
Kukholelwa ukuthi umthamo wobuthi, ongabulala, uqala kumamiligremu ayishumi nanhlanu, kepha kube munye ngokoqobo ukulunywa imamba emnyama umuntu angathola inani eliphindwe kayishumi kuya kumashumi amabili kunalesi sibalo.
Uma kwenzeka ukuthi umuntu elunywe yilenyoka eyingozi kakhulu, udinga ukujova ikhambi phakathi kwamahora amane, kepha uma ukuluma kuwele ngqo ebusweni, emva kwemizuzu ethile eyishumi nanhlanu kuya kwengamashumi amabili angafa ngokukhubazeka.
Inyoka emnyama ibizwa ngegama hhayi ngomzimba wayo, kodwa ngomlomo wayo omnyama
Ubuthi bemamba emnyama iqukethe inani elikhulu lama-neurotoxin asebenza ngokushesha, kanye ne-caliciseptin, okuyingozi ngendlela eyisimanga kuhlelo lwe-cardio, okungabangeli ukuqubuka kwemisipha kuphela nokubhujiswa kwesistimu yezinzwa, kodwa nokucinana kanye nokuboshwa kwenhliziyo.
Uma ungathulisi i-antidote, khona-ke ukufa kwenzeka kumaphesenti ayikhulu wamacala. Amahemuhemu asakazeka phakathi kwabantu ukuthi inyoka eyodwa enjalo ngesikhathi ishaye abantu abaningana bezinkomo namahhashi.
Kuze kube manje, kuye kwenziwa ama-serum akhethekile okuthi, uma enziwa ngesikhathi esifanele, anganciphisa ubuthi, ngokulandelana, lapho imamba emnyama iluma, ukungenelela okuphuthumayo kwezokwelapha kuyadingeka ngokuphuthumayo.Naphezu kwakho konke ukuhlukumezeka kwazo, lezi zinyoka akuvamile ukuthi zihlasele abantu, ngaphandle uma zivikela.
Imvamisa, bazama nje ukuqandisa endaweni noma babaleke ekuxhumaneni ngqo. Uma, noma kunjalo, ukuluma kwenzeka, izinga lokushisa komzimba likhuphuka ngokushesha bese eqala ukuba nomkhuhlane omkhulu, ngakho-ke kungcono ukungahlangani ubuso nobuso, uzinqumele ekubukeni isithombe semamba emnyama ku-intanethi noma ngokufunda izibuyekezo ngemamba emnyama ngobukhulu beWorld Wide Web.
Umsoco omnyama wemamba
Mayelana nemamba emnyama, singasho nakanjani ukuthi le nyoka iqonde ngokuphelele endaweni ezungezile ngokulinganayo ebumnyameni nasebusuku. Ngakho-ke, angaya kozingela lapho ethanda.
Ukudla kwakhe kufaka inani elikhulu kakhulu lazo zonke izinhlobo zabamele igazi elifudumele lomhlaba wezilwane, kusukela kuzingwejeje, amagundane ahlukahlukene nezinyoni kuya kumalulwane. Ngezikhathi ezithile, ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane ezihuquzelayo ziba isisulu sazo. Inyoka emnyama yemamba iyaphakela nawo amaxoxo, yize ezimweni ezehlukile, ethanda okunye ukudla kuwo.
Lezi zinyoka zizingela ngendlela efanayo: okokuqala, ziyanyonyobela inyamazane yazo, bese ziyayiluma bese zikhasa zilindele ukufa kwayo. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi ukuminyaniswa kobuthi bekunganele umphumela osheshayo obulalayo, bangakhasa baphume endaweni yokukhosela ukuze balume okwesibili.
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, laba bameleli bezilwane ezihuquzelayo babamba irekhodi phakathi kwezinye izinyoka ngokwejubane lokuhamba, ngakho-ke kunzima kakhulu ukuthi isisulu sicashe kuzo.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Isikhathi sokukhwelana semamba emnyama ngokuvamile siqala entwasahlobo kuya ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Abesilisa balwa bodwa ngelungelo lokuthola owesifazane. Baluka ifindo, baqala ukushayana ngamakhanda kuze kube yilapho obuthakathaka eshiya inkundla yempi.Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kulokhu abasebenzisi ubuthi ezilwaneni zabo, banikeze olahlekile ilungelo lokucasha ngokukhululeka.
Masinyane ngemuva kokukhwelana, izinyoka zisakazeka ngasinye ziye esidlekeni sazo. Isibalo samaqanda ngebhande ngalinye singafinyelela kwamashumi amabili. Izinyoka ezincane zizalwa cishe ngemuva kwenyanga, futhi ubude bazo sebungadlula isigamu semitha. Ngokwezwi nezwi kusukela ekuzalweni, banobuthi obunamandla futhi bangazingela ngokuzimela amagundane amancane.
Isikhathi sokuphila salezi zinyoka ekuthunjweni sifinyelela eminyakeni eyishumi nambili, endle - cishe eziyishumi, ngoba, naphezu kobungozi bazo, zinezitha, isibonelo, i-mongoose, lapho ubuthi be-mamba emnyama bungasebenzi, noma izingulube zasendle.
