I-Zebra finch - inyoni encane exotic engeyomndeni we-finch futhi engeye-oda elikhulu labadlulayo. Ngalesi sikhathi, izintaka zingezinye zezinyoni ezidlula kakhulu, ezivame kuwo wonke amazwekazi omhlaba. Izinyoni azithobeki, zizizwa zizinhle emakhejini futhi zizalela kalula lapho zithunjwa. Kukhona ama-subspecies amaningi ngokulandelana kwama-finches, kepha ama-zebra finches ahlukile kokunye ngokubukeka nokuziphatha.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Zebra finch
Ngokokuqala ngqá, lezi zinyoni zachazwa futhi zahlukaniswa kuphela ekupheleni kwekhulu le-18, lapho abacwaningi befika e-Australia, okuyizwe lezintaka zamadube. Kepha ngokwemvelo, izintaka zamadube, njengohlobo oluthile, zakhiwa eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezimbalwa ezedlule futhi zivumelane ngokuphelele nesimo sezulu esomile sehlathi lase-Australia. Izinsalela zezinsalela ezisemafosholozi zibuyele emuva enkulungwaneni yesibili BC, futhi ngisho nangaleso sikhathi esikude, lezi zinyoni zazibukeka zifana ncamashi nanamuhla.
Ividiyo: Zebra Finch
Ngokuya ngosayizi nesisindo, onondindwa yizinyoni ezincane, ngaphezu kwakho konke okufana nondlunkulu waseRussia ojwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, ama-zebra finches anezici eziningana ezihlukile eziwahlukanisa nezinye izinyoni zalolu hlobo.
It:
- ubukhulu be-zebra finch abweqi ngamasentimitha ayi-12;
- isisindo singama-12-15 amagremu;
- amaphiko cishe amasentimitha ayi-15;
- izinyoni ziphila cishe iminyaka eyishumi, kodwa ezimweni ezinhle zingaphila kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-15;
- ikhanda eliyindilinga elincane;
- umlomo omncane kodwa ojiyile. Kwabesilisa umbala okhanyayo we-coral, kwabesifazane u-orange;
- imilenze mincane, ilungele ukuhlala emagatsheni ezihlahla;
- Izimpaphe zezindwangu zamadube zihlukahlukene kakhulu futhi kaningi zinemibala ehlukene emi-5-6.
Lolu hlobo lwezinyoni luhlukaniswa yinjabulo nokuthanda impilo. Ama-trills abo we-sonorous ne-iridescent angajabulisa noma ngubani. Izimpaphe ze-zebra finch ziminyene, izimpaphe zifushane futhi zicindezelwe ngokuqinile emzimbeni. Izihlathi zale nyoni zingumbala we-chestnut ovuthiwe, kepha isifuba nentamo kunephethini yedube emthende. Njengomthetho, isisu se-finch simhlophe, futhi izidladla ziyi-orange ephaphathekile.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Sibukeka kanjani i-zebra finch
Ama-Zebra finches athathwa njengamanye amahle kakhulu emndenini odlulayo. Ukubukeka kwazo akuxhomekile kuphela kuma-subspecies angaphansi kwawo, kodwa nasendaweni abahlala kuyo. Izindlovu zeZebra zihlukaniswe zaba izinhlobo ezimbili ezingaphansi komhlaba: ezwekazini nesiqhingi. Izinyoni eziphakathi nezwe zihlala kulo lonke elase-Australia ngaphandle kwezindawo ezikude kakhulu nezomile zezwekazi, lapho kungekho manzi khona.
Izintaka zamadube esiqhingi zihlala cishe kuzo zonke iziqhingi zaseSunda Islands. Ngokusho kolunye uhlobo, izinyoni zafika lapho, zindiza amakhilomitha angamakhulu ambalwa ukusuka e-Australia zodwa. Ngokwenye inguqulo, balethwa lapho ngabasolwandle basendulo futhi ngaphezulu kwamakhulu eminyaka sebekwazi ukuzivumelanisa ngokuphelele nempilo eziqhingini ezincane, ezingaphandle. Abantu abaningi bezintaka zamadube bahlala eziqhingini zaseTimor, eSumba naseFlores.
Ngokubukeka, izintaka zedube zikhumbuza kakhulu undlunkulu onemibala egqamile. Futhi uma ingemuva, ikhanda nentamo kungumlotha noma mpunga, khona-ke izihlathi zinemibala egqamile futhi zimi kahle kakhulu kuzimpaphe ezimpunga. Izimpaphe ezimhlophe esiswini zinika le nyoni ukubukeka okuhle, okuyenza ibe yinhle kakhulu futhi ihehe.
Kumele uqaphele ukuthi ama-subspecies angama-insular nezwekazi ahluke komunye nomunye. Izintaka zamadube aseMainland zikhudlwana ngandlela thize, zihlala emihlambini emikhulu (kufika kubantu abangama-500) futhi zingaphila ngaphandle kwamanzi izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ngokunjalo, abahlali beziqhingi bancane, bahlala emihlambini yabantu abangama-20-30 futhi bazwela kakhulu ekushodeni kwamanzi.
Kuye kwafakazelwa ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwenyoni kuhlobene ngqo nomlingiswa wayo. Ngakho-ke, izintaka ezimpapheni zazo ezinombala obomvu zinomlingiswa oxabanayo futhi zivame ukulwa. Ngokulandelayo, izinyoni ezinezinyoni ezimnyama zifuna ukwazi okwengeziwe. Bangabokuqala ukundizela esikhaleni futhi abokuqala ukuyohlola izindawo ezintsha.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayoIsilinganiso senani lezinyoni zezwekazi kanye neziqhingi cishe singama-80% / 20%. Ama-zebra ase-Mainland ajwayelekile kakhulu futhi avame ukuzalwa ekhaya. Izintaka zase-Island zibhekwa njengezijwayelekile futhi ngokuvamile azitholakali phakathi kwabahloli bezinyoni. Ungababona kuphela ngokuvakashela iziqhingi zaseSunda.
Ihlala kuphi i-zebra finch?
Isithombe: I-Zebra finch emvelweni
Ngaphandle kokubukeka okuhle kakhulu nokubukeka okuhle, izintaka zedube ziqinile futhi azithobeki. Zikhetha ukwakha izidleke emathafeni avulekile anezihlahla ezingathi shu, emaphethelweni amahlathi amakhulu kanye nasehlathini lase-Australia, eligcwele izihlahla ezinde.
Imfuneko yokwakhiwa kwe-zebra finch ukuthola amanzi. Izinyoni kumele zikwazi ukufinyelela kalula emanzini, ngakho-ke zihlala njalo ngasemfuleni noma echibini elincane. Izinyoni zingamelana kalula nokushintshashintsha okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa (kusuka ku- + 15 kuya ku- + 40), kodwa cishe kufe ngokushesha emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kuka- + 10 degrees Celsius. Enye imfuneko yokuphila amadin yisimo sezulu esifudumele.
Izinyoni zingaphila kalula izinsuku ezingama-5-7 ngaphandle kwamanzi, futhi ziyakwazi ukuphuza amanzi anosawoti kakhulu ngaphandle kokulimaza impilo. Njengoba zihlala eziqhingini ezincane, izintaka zamadube zikhetha ukuhlala kude nolwandle, ngoba umoya wasolwandle onamandla uvimbela izinyoni ezindizeni ngendlela evamile. Zakha phakathi neziqhingi, eduze nemithombo yamanzi. Ama-finches ase-Island aqinile kunabazala bawo base-mainland, kodwa futhi angaphila izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphandle komswakama.
Ngekhulu lama-20, izinyoni zaziswa eCalifornia nasePortugal, lapho zaqala khona ukugxila futhi zajwayela isimo sezulu sendawo. Emikhubeni yabo, abahlukile ezintini zodaka ezwekazini, futhi abakaze bazihlukanise bodwa kuma-subspecies ahlukile.
Manje uyazi ukuthi i-zebra finch ihlala kuphi. Ake sibone ukuthi inyoni idlani.
Idliwa yini inyamazane yedube?
Isithombe: Izindwangu ezimbili zamadube
Ngokwemvelo, i-zebra finch izondla kakhulu ngembewu yezitshalo noma okusanhlamvu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze zithole ukudla, izinyoni zihlangana ngemihlambi emikhulu (kuze kube yizicucu eziyi-100) bese zindiza ziye endaweni yokudoba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengesengezo samaminerali, izinyoni zidla isihlabathi ngisho namatshe amancane amancane, akhuthaza ukugaya okufanele futhi asize ukugaya okusanhlamvu okuqinile.
Mangisho ukuthi ezimweni zemvelo, ukudla kwe-zebra finch kuncane kakhulu futhi izinyoni zidla ngokufana cishe konke ukuphila kwazo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphawula ukuthi ngisho nangesikhathi sokufukamela, izinyoni azizondli izinambuzane futhi azidingi umthombo owengeziwe wamaprotheni. Kepha endaweni yasekhaya, ukudla kwe-zebra finch kunothe kakhulu. Empeleni, lokhu kuchaza iqiniso lokuthi ezimweni zokugcinwa ekhejini, izinyoni zihlala isikhathi esiphindwe ka-1.5-2.
Ungondla ama-zebra finches:
- Izingxube ezikhethekile zezinyoni ezingaphandle (okubandakanya amabele);
- ukudla okuthambile izinyoni ezingakutholi endle. Ikakhulu, unganikeza i-cottage shizi ethambile, izingcezu zamaqanda abilisiwe ngisho nelayisi elithile elibilisiwe;
- imifino (ikhukhamba noma i-zucchini);
- imbewu ehlutshiwe emnyama.
Amaminerali kufanele abekhona kwimenyu ye-zebra finch. Ungathenga izakhiwo ezikhethekile zamavithamini, aqukethe izithasiselo zamaminerali, noma unganikeza izinyoni amaqanda amaqanda noma ushoki okhalisiwe izikhathi ezimbili ngesonto.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: I-zebra finch iyinyoni enamandla kakhulu. Emvelweni yemvelo, kunqunyelwe ekudleni, futhi ekhaya, inyoni kufanele ikhawulelwe ngokudla ngokungeyikho. Kuyadingeka ukondla izikhathi ezimbili ngosuku futhi ulinganise ngokuqinile usayizi wengxenye. Ngaphandle kwalokho, le nyoni izokhuluphala ngokushesha, okuzothinta impilo yayo ngendlela edabukisa kakhulu.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: I-male zebra finch
Izindlovu zeZebra zinesimo sokuthokoza nokujabula kakhulu. Azinakuphumula, ziyaxakaniseka futhi zingagxuma zisuke egatsheni ziye egatsheni izikhathi eziyishumi nambili ngomzuzu. Isici esiyinhloko sendlela yokuphila ye-finch ukuthi onondweba be-zebra yizinyoni ezifundayo. Ngisho nasekuthunjweni, kunconywa ukuthi okungenani kube nezintaka ezine zamadube, ngoba izinyoni ezimbili (futhi ngisho nangaphezulu) zizoba lusizi futhi zibe nesithukuthezi.
Naphezu kokulangazelela kwabo okungokwemvelo nokuthanda impilo, izintaka zedube ziyabaxwaya abantu. Ngisho nezinkukhu, ezizalwe futhi zikhulele ekuthunjweni, ziyacindezelwa lapho umuntu eziqoqa. Abafuyi abanokuhlangenwe nakho abakukhuthazi ukukha izintaka kaningi kakhulu, njengoba izinyoni zinovalo kakhulu ngasikhathi sinye.
Ngaphandle kokuthi izinyoni zihlala emhlambini omkhulu, zindiza ukuyozingela ngamaqembu ahlukene abantu abayi-20-30. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izintaka zinezindawo ezihlukene lapho ziqoqa khona okusanhlamvu nokusanhlamvu, futhi lezi zindawo azihambelani.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Yize izinyoni zihlala emhlambini omkhulu, zonke zazi kahle kakhulu. Futhi uma inyoni yomunye umhlambi izama ukungena phakathi kwezintaka, bayovele bayikhiphele ngaphandle bangayivumeli nokuthi ichithe ubusuku bonke.
Okuthinta kakhulu isikhathi lapho izinyoni zichitha ubusuku, lapho abantu abayishumi nambili bechitha ubusuku egatsheni elifanayo eduze komunye nomunye.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Finch zebra finch
Endle, izintaka zamadube azinayo inkathi ehlukile yokuzalanisa. Izinyoni zingakhwelana izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka, kanti inkathi yokukhwelana incike ngokuphelele enanini lomswakama. Imifula nezindawo zokugcina amanzi ezigeleza ngokugcwele, kulapho iningi lezintaka lizochanyuselwa khona amaphuphu.
Ukuthomba kuqala emidlalweni yamadube kusukela ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. Kule minyaka yobudala, le nyoni ibhekwa njengekhulile ngokuphelele futhi ilungele imidlalo yokukhwelana nokubeka amaqanda.
Owesilisa uheha insikazi ngama-tropical sonorous, futhi yena kuqala ugxuma esuka egatsheni aye egatsheni isikhathi eside, anikeze ithuba lokuzibona yena uqobo. Uma insikazi yemukela ukuqomisana kowesilisa, bese beqala ukwakha isidleke ngokuhlanganyela.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Abaqaphi bezinyoni bathole ukuthi izintaka kufanele zizikhethele abalingani bazo. Uma uzama ukuwela ngababili ngokungeyikho, ukuwagcina ndawonye isikhathi eside, khona-ke bazokwakha isidleke, futhi owesifazane uzobeka amaqanda, kepha ngokushesha ngemuva kokuzalwa kwamachwane, abazali bazolahlekelwa yintshisekelo kubo. Lokhu kuhlotshaniswa nezinkinga zokuxubaniswa kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-finches.
Kuthatha cishe isonto ukwakha isidleke. Inesimo sebhodlela futhi ijwayele ukwakhiwa ngotshani obomile namahlumela amancane. Isidleke sinezimpaphe ezithambile ngaphakathi. Isibalo samaqanda esidlekeni naso sincike esimweni sezulu. Uma kunomswakama owenele, kufika amaqanda afika ku-8 ngaphambi kwezinyoni, futhi uma kuyisimo sezulu esomile, khona-ke ngeke kube khona amaqanda angaphezu kuka-3-4. Ukuchamisela amaqanda kuthatha izinsuku eziyi-12-14.
Amachwane azalwa engenamanzi nezimpaphe, futhi engaboni. Abazali babondla ngokulandelana, beletha ukudla ngomlomo wabo. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-20-25 amaphuphu aphuma esidlekeni, futhi ngemuva kwenye inyanga asuke esekulungele ngokuphelele ukuphila kwabantu abadala. Ama-Zebra finches abonakala ngokuvuthwa okushesha kakhulu, futhi ngenyanga yesi-5 yokuphila, amaphuphu awahlukile kubantu abadala, futhi ezinyangeni eziyisithupha selikulungele ukuba nenzalo yalo.
Izitha zemvelo zempisi yedube
Isithombe: Sibukeka kanjani i-zebra finch
Ngokwemvelo, izinyoni zinezitha ezanele. Ngaphandle kokuthi azikho izilwane eziningi ezidlayo e-Australia, izintaka eziningi zifa kungakapheli unyaka wokuqala wokuphila.
Izitha eziyinhloko zezinyoni:
- izinyoka ezinkulu;
- izibankwa ezidlayo;
- izidlakela ezinkulu ezinamaphiko.
Izibankwa nezinyoka kwenza umonakalo omkhulu ekubanjweni yizinyoni. Lezi zidalwa zikhulu kakhulu ekukhuphukeni kwezihlahla futhi zikwazi ukufika kalula endaweni lapho isidleke senyoni sikhona. Izimpungushe zeZebra azikwazi ukuvikela isidleke ngakho-ke izilwane ezidla ezinye zizitika ngamaqanda ngaphandle kokujeziswa.
Kepha izinyoni ezidla inyama (oklebe, ama-gyrfalcones) nazo zizingela abantu abadala. Izimpondo zeZebra zindiza njengemihlambi, kanti izidalwa ezinamaphiko ezinesivinini esikhulu sokutshuza zibamba kahle izinyoni ezincane, yize zincane futhi zishesha emoyeni.
Izintuthwane ezinkulu ezibomvu ezitholakala e-Australia nazo zingadala ingozi enkulu ezinyonini. Ubukhulu bezintuthwane ezibomvu zase-Australia bokuthi zingathwala amaqanda azo ziye esidlekeni noma zilume ngegobolondo lazo. Amakati nawo angazingela izinyoni futhi aqede imigoqo. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka uma izinyoni zakha izidleke eduze kakhulu nomuzi womuntu.
Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, kuqale ukwanda okwandayo e-Australia, futhi kwakhiwa izakhiwo ezintsha zokuhlala emaphethelweni amadolobha amakhulu, ezindaweni lapho izidleke zezintaka zihlala khona. Lokhu kudale ukuthi ukufuduka kwezinyoni kungene maphakathi nezwe, kuya ezindaweni ezome kakhulu e-Australia.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Zebra finch
Inani lezintaba zamadube libhekwa njengenye yezinkulu kunazo zonke e-Australia, futhi izazi zezinyoni azibikezeli ukwehla kwazo okukhulu esikhathini esizayo esiseduze. Ekupheleni kuka-2017, cishe abantu abayizigidi ezimbili babehlala e-Australia kuphela. Kubantu base-Australia, izintaka zamadube zivamile futhi ziyajwayeleka njengondlunkulu abampunga kwabaseRussia futhi azibangeli nencane intshisekelo.
Ngaphandle kwesibalo esikhulu sezitha zemvelo, izinyoni zivundile kakhulu futhi ziyakwazi ukuthwala inzalo engafika ku-4 ngonyaka, ekhokhela kalula ukulahleka kwemvelo kwabantu. Isimo sibi kakhulu ngezintaka zamadube eziqhingini. Kuncane kakhulu kubo, futhi abaqinile kangako, kepha abasongelwa nangokuqothulwa. Ngokwesayensi, cishe izinyoni eziyizinkulungwane eziyikhulu zihlala eziqhingini zaseSunda.
Futhi, ungakhohlwa ukuthi onondweba be-zebra bayachuma eCalifornia, Puerto Rico nasePortugal. Inani elikhulu lezinyoni zihlala lapho, futhi zizizwa zikhulu ezimeni ezintsha.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, i-zebra finch uzizwa emuhle ekuthunjweni, ehlukanisa kalula efulethini elijwayelekile ledolobha, bese ezivumelanisa kahle nendle. Uma kwenzeka kuba nosongo oluncane, inani lalezi zinyoni lingakhuliswa ngokushesha ezimweni zokwenziwa futhi likhishelwe endle.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 08/19/2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 19.08.2019 ngo-21: 05
