Ushaka goblin, futhi eyaziwa ngaphansi kwamanye amagama - izinhlanzi ezijulile zasolwandle, zoshaka, ingenye yezindawo ezingafundeki kahle futhi zasendulo. Imbalwa imininingwane eqinisekisiwe mayelana nokudla kwayo, indlela yokuziphatha endaweni ejwayelekile, ukukhiqiza kabusha. Kepha kukhona okusengashiwo ngalesi silo esimangalisayo sokujula - futhi lena yinhlanzi engajwayelekile!
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Shark Goblin
Emndenini ophindayo koshaka base-scapanorhynchid, lolu hlobo lubhekwa njengokuphela kwalo olusindile. Kukholakala ukuthi - ngoba ngenxa yokuhlala kwabo ngokujulile kukholamu lwamanzi noshaka, imikhovu ayivelakancane kubaphenyi, ngakho-ke akekho owaziyo ukuthi ukujula kolwandle nolunye uhlobo lwalo mndeni, noma ngisho nokumbalwa, kucashile kukodwa.
Ngokokuqala ngqa kwabanjwa ushaka wegoblin ngo-1898. Ngenxa yemvelo engajwayelekile yenhlanzi, incazelo yayo yesayensi ayenzwanga ngokushesha, kepha ngemuva kocwaningo oluningiliziwe, oluthathe cishe unyaka, kwenziwa ngu-D.S. Jordan. Inhlanzi yokuqala eyabanjwa yayisencane, imitha kuphela ubude, ngenxa yalokho, ekuqaleni, ososayensi babenombono ongalungile ngobukhulu bezinhlobo.
Ividiyo: Shark Goblin
Ihlukaniswe njengoMitsukurina owstoni ngemuva kuka-Alan Owston noProfessor Kakechi Mitsukuri - owokuqala wayibamba kwathi eyesibili wayifunda. Abaphenyi baqaphela ngokushesha ukufana kwe-Mesozoic shark scapanorhynchus, futhi isikhathi esithile bakholelwa ukuthi yilokho.
Kwabe sekusungulwa umehluko, kepha njengoba elinye lamagama angekho emthethweni "scapanorinh" lalungiswa. Izinhlobo zihlobene impela, futhi njengoba i-scapanorinch yangempela ingazange isinde, kunesizathu sokubiza isihlobo sayo esiseduze kunazo zonke ukuthi.
Ushaka we-goblin ungowohlobo lwe-relic: ubukhona cishe iminyaka eyizigidi ezingama-50, unezici eziningi zezinsalela ngakho-ke kuyathandeka ukutadisha. Abamele basendulo kakhulu bomndeni we-scapanorhynchid babehlala olwandle lomhlaba cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyi-125 edlule.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Goblin Shark noma uBrownie
Igama ngokwalo livusa izinhlangano - imikhovu imvamisa ayifani ngobuhle. Ushaka wegoblin ubukeka wesabeka ukwedlula iningi lawo: empeleni wabizwa kanjalo ngenxa yokubukeka kwawo okungajwayelekile futhi nokwesabekayo - amafomu ahlanekezelwe nengajwayelekile kubantu ngokuvamile ayizici zabantu abaningi bokujula, abahlala ngaphansi kwengcindezi enamandla evela kukholamu lamanzi.
Imihlathi ivulekile futhi ingaphuma iye kude kakhulu, futhi esihlantini kukhona ukuphuma okude okufana nomlomo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhumba salo shaka sicishe sibonakale futhi nemikhumbi iyabonakala ngaso - lokhu kusinika umbala obomvana negazi, osheshe ushintshe ube nsundu emva kokufa.
Imikhumbi itholakala cishe esikhunjeni, iyabonakala ngokusobala, kufaka phakathi ngenxa yalokhu. I-anatomy enjalo ayinikezi izinhlanzi ukubukeka okungathandeki nokwesabekayo kuphela, kepha futhi ivumela ukuphefumula kwesikhumba. Amaphiko we-ventral ne-anal akhuliswe ngokuqinile futhi makhulu kune-dorsal, okwenza kube lula ukuhamba kahle ngokujula, kepha i-goblin shark ayikwazi ukuthuthukisa isivinini esikhulu.
Umzimba oyindilinga, ngesimo uthi lokuphotha, okwandisa maneuverability. IScapanorhynchus iphakeme kakhulu futhi isicabalele, ngakho-ke, noma inobude obukhulu, ayinaso isisindo esikhulu ngamazinga oshaka: ikhula ibe ngamamitha ayi-2.5-3.5, futhi isisindo sayo singama-120-170 kilograms. Inamazinyo amade futhi abukhali ngaphambili, kanti amazinyo angemuva aklanyelwe ukuququda isisulu nokuchoboza amagobolondo.
Inesibindi esithuthuke kakhulu: sinesisindo sekota yesisindo somzimba senhlanzi. Lesi sitho sigcina izakhamzimba, ezisiza u-goblin shark ukuthi aphile isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokudla: ngisho amasonto amabili noma amathathu elambile ngeke awaphuce wonke amandla awo. Omunye umsebenzi obalulekile wesibindi ukufaka esikhundleni sokubhukuda isinye.
Iqiniso elijabulisayo: Amehlo e-goblin shark akhanya aluhlaza ebumnyameni, njengezinye izakhamuzi eziningi zamanzi ajulile, ngoba kumnyama kakhulu lapho. Kepha usathembele ekubukeni kancane kakhulu kunezinye izinzwa.
Uhlala kuphi ushaka?
Isithombe: Igobolondo loshaka emanzini
Indawo yokuhlala ayaziwa ngokuqinisekile, umuntu angathola kuphela iziphetho ngalezo zindawo lapho kubanjwe khona i-scapanorhynchia.
Izindawo zokuhlala zikashark:
- I-China Sea;
- isifunda i-Pacific Ocean empumalanga yogu lwaseJapan;
- Ulwandle iTasman;
- IGreat Australian Bay;
- amanzi eningizimu yeNingizimu Afrika;
- IGulf of Guinea;
- Ulwandle lweCaribbean;
- IBay of Biscay;
- I-Atlantic Ocean ngasogwini lwasePortugal.
Ngaso sonke isikhathi, kubanjwe abantu abangaphansi kwamashumi amahlanu, futhi ngesisekelo sesampula enjalo akunakwenzeka ukuthola iziphetho eziqinile mayelana nemingcele yebanga.
I-Japan ingumholi wesibalo soshaka be-goblin obanjwe - bekusezilwandle beyigeza lapho iningi labo litholakale khona. Lokhu, nokho, kungenzeka kungenxa yokuthi amaJapane anezinhlanzi zasolwandle ezisungule kahle, futhi akusho ukuthi kula manzi kuhlala ama-scapanorinch amaningi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho: yizilwandle namachibi afakwe kuhlu, kuyilapho ulwandle oluvulekile kungenzeka lube yikhaya lenani elikhulu kakhulu loshaka be-goblin, kepha ukudoba kolwandle olujulile kuzo kwenziwa ngamanani amancane kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, amanzi azo zonke izilwandle alungele ukuhlala kwawo - okuwukuphela kwento engaba yi-Arctic Ocean, kodwa-ke, abacwaningi abaqiniseki ngalokhu.
Isifanekiso sokuqala saphinde sabanjwa eduze nogu lwaseJapan, kuleli zwe leli gama lanikezwa lolu hlobo njenge-shark-goblin - yize yayingasetshenziswanga ngesiRussia isikhathi eside. Babekhetha ukumbiza nge-brownie - lokhu kudalwa kwamasiko kwakwaziwa kakhulu ngabantu baseSoviet.
Ngenxa yokufudumala kwamanzi olwandle, obekuqhubeka isikhathi eside, ama-scapanorhynchians aguqula indawo yawo kancane kancane, enyukela phezulu. Kepha ukujula kusabalulekile: lo shark ukhetha ukuba okungenani namamitha ayi-200-250 wamanzi ngaphezu kwekhanda lakhe. Kwesinye isikhathi ibhukuda ijule kakhulu - ifike kumamitha ayi-1500.
Yini edliwa ushaka wegoblin?
Isithombe: Goblin Deep Sea Shark
Isabelo asicaciswanga ngokuthembekile, ngoba inhlanzi ebanjiwe ayigcinanga okuqukethwe yisisu: ichithwe ngenxa yokwehla kwengcindezi ngesikhathi sokunyuka. Ngakho-ke, kuhlala kuphela ukwenza imicabango yokuthi yiziphi izinto eziphilayo abazondlayo.
Isisekelo seziphetho, phakathi kokunye, ukwakheka kwemihlathi nezinsimbi zamazinyo zale nhlanzi - njengoba abacwaningi besikisela ngokuya ngemiphumela yocwaningo lwabo, ama-scapanorhynchians angondla ngezinto ezijule olwandle ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene - kusuka eplankton kuya kwezinhlanzi ezinkulu. Ukudla kufaka nama-cephalopods.
Cishe, ushaka wegoblin uzondla ngoku:
- inhlanzi;
- iplankton;
- ingwane;
- octopus;
- i-cuttlefish;
- ama-invertebrate amancane;
- ama-crustaceans;
- izimbaza;
- isidumbu.
Ukuze ibambe futhi ibambe inyamazane, isebenzisa amazinyo ayo angaphambili, bese iyaluma ngamazinyo angemuva. Imihlathi ithuthuke kahle, lapho izingela, iyisunduzela phambili kakhulu, ibambe futhi ibambe isisulu, futhi ngasikhathi sinye ibuye idonse amanzi ngomlomo.
Akunakwenzeka ukubamba inyamazane ekwazi ukuhamba ngokushesha, ngakho-ke kuvame ukukhawulelwa kubahlali bolwandle abahamba kancane - ivele ibabambe futhi ibamunce uma bancane, futhi iphethe enkulu ngamazinyo ayo.
Uma ungakwazi ukuthola okwanele ngale ndlela, kufanele ubheke isidumbu - uhlelo lokugaya ukudla lwe-goblin shark luyashintshwa ukuze lucubungulwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinqolobane zezinto ezisesibindi zivumela ukuthi iphile isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokudla nhlobo, uma ukufuna inyamazane kungaphumeleli.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Shark Goblin
Ayifundwa kahle ngenxa yendlela yayo yokuphila: ihlala emanzini ajulile, futhi kunzima ukuhlola le ndawo. Ngakho-ke, ososayensi bathola iziphetho ezisemqoka kumasampula ambalwa abanjiwe. Ngemuva kokuzifunda, kwaqedwa ukuthi, naphezu kokubukeka kwayo okungajwayelekile, lona ushaka wangempela, hhayi isitabane - phambilini kwakukhona ukucabanga okunjalo.
Futhi, ososayensi bayazethemba ekuphindweni kabusha kwalezi zinhlobo - yize oshaka bezinsalela ezingakatholakali, banendlela yokuphila, kakhulu ngeqiniso lokuthi ezinye izinhlobo zoshaka basendulo bezihola. Lokhu kukhonjiswa nangesakhiwo sazo, ngezindlela eziningi esifana nezidalwa esezadlula isikhathi eside.
Yize kungaziwa ngokuqinisekile, kukholakala ukuthi bodwa - okungenani akukho okukhombisa ukuthi bakha amaqoqo, futhi babanjwa ngamunye ngamunye. Kwakungenakwenzeka ukutadisha ushaka ophekiwe ophilayo ngisho nasezimeni zokufakelwa - ukuphela komuntu owasinda ngemuva kokubanjwa washona ngemuva kwesonto, engavumeli imininingwane eminingi ukuthi iqoqwe.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Eqinisweni, igama elingekho emthethweni alizange linikezwe nhlobo ukuhlonipha imikhovu, kepha i-tengu - izidalwa ezivela ezinganekwaneni zaseJapan. Isici sabo esiyinhloko esihlukanisayo ikhala elide kakhulu, yingakho abadobi baseJapane beza nomfanekiso. Njengoba kwakungekho tengu ezinganekwaneni zaseNtshonalanga, zaqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi yimikhovu, nase-USSR, ngendlela efanayo, zabizwa ngokuthi ama-brownies.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: UGoblin Shark, ungushaka onsundu
Zibhekwa njengezilwane ezidla zodwa ngokufana nezinhlobo ezifanayo. AmaPisces ahlangana kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, imininingwane nobude bawo obungakafundwa. Iza njalo eminyakeni embalwa. Isikhathi esisele abasichitha bezingela ezinye izakhamuzi zalolwandle, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi nabanye abameleli bezinhlobo zabo.
Ososayensi bangaqagela kuphela ngokuzalanisa, ngoba owesifazane okhulelwe akakaze abanjwe - kepha-ke, lokhu kungenziwa ngokuqiniseka okuphezulu okususelwa ekutadisheni kwabanye oshaka, kufaka phakathi olwandle olujulile. Mhlawumbe, i-scapanorhynchia yi-ovoviviparous, imibungu ikhula ngqo emzimbeni kamama.
Babonakala sebekulungele ngokuphelele impilo ezimele - futhi iqala ngokushesha. Umama akanandaba nefry, akafundisi futhi akabondli, kepha ushiya masinyane, ngoba bona ngokwabo kufanele bazingele futhi bacashe ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye - ngenhlanhla, azikho kangako eduze komhlaba.
Iqiniso elihehayo: Ukuphuma okude okuphuma, okunika uhhafu "wentelezi" koshaka wegoblin, kusebenza njenge-locator kagesi. Inamabhamuza aseLorenzini adonsa ngisho amasiginali kagesi abuthakathaka kakhulu, futhi enze kube lula ukuthola isisulu ebumnyameni, kufaka phakathi naleso esinganyakazi.
Izitha zemvelo zoshaka wegoblin
Isithombe: Shark Goblin
Ekujuleni lapho lo shaka ahlala khona, akanazitha ezingathi sína - ukusho ukuthi lokhu kungenzeka kuvinjelwe ukungabi nalwazi, kepha indawo yokuhlala uqobo, ngokungafani nezingqimba zamanzi aphezulu, ayishintshelwe izidalwa ezinkulu ezidlayo, kanti i-scapanorinh ingenye yezinamandla kakhulu nezakhamuzi eziyingozi zekholamu lamanzi.
Ngenxa yalokho, uzizwa ezethemba futhi engesabi lutho. Izingxabano nabanye oshaka zingenzeka, lapho i-scapanornh inyukela emanzini angaphezulu kuye, futhi, kunalokho, yehla. Kepha lokhu ngokusobala akuyona izehlakalo ezivame kakhulu - okungenani kumasampula aziwayo oshaka abanawo amamaki okuluma oshaka abakhulu.
Ukungqubuzana nabanye oshaka abajulile basolwandle nakho kungenzeka, ngoba kunezinhlobo eziningi zalolu hlobo, kepha i-scapanorinch ingenye yezinkulu kakhulu futhi iyingozi kakhulu phakathi kwabo, ngakho-ke usongo olukhulu lugcwele ukulwa nabamele izinhlobo zalo. Akwaziwa ngokuqinisekile ukuthi ayenzeka, kepha ajwayelekile cishe kuwo wonke oshaka.
Ngokungafani nabantu abadala, kunezinsongo eziningi kakhulu ezinganeni - ngokwesibonelo, abanye oshaka bezilwane ezijulile olwandle. Noma kunjalo, baphila ngokuthula kunokuthosa koshaka abajwayelekile, ngoba izidalwa eziphila emanzini ajulile mancane ngosayizi, futhi zikhula ngokushesha ngokwanele ukuthi zingesabi cishe noma ngubani.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Goblin Deep Sea Shark
Kunzima ukulinganisela inani labashaki be-goblin kuphela ngesisekelo sezinhlobo ezibanjiwe - zingu-45 kuphela zazo esikhathini esingaphezu kwekhulu leminyaka selokhu kwatholakala, kepha lokhu akubonisi ukwanda okuphansi kwalezi zinhlobo. Kodwa-ke, abacwaningi basakholelwa ukuthi oshaka be-goblin bambalwa impela.
Kepha akwanele ukuzibona njengezilwane ezisengozini yokuqothuka - bambalwa abantu ababanjiwe abathola ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomhlaba, ngakho-ke kunezindlela ezimbili ongakhetha kuzo: okokuqala - indawo yokwabiwa kwe-scapanorhynchus ibanzi kakhulu, okusho ukuthi noma ngobuningi obuphansi emhlabeni abambalwa kangako.
Owesibili - okungenani kunabantu abayizinkulungwane ezihlukanisiwe, lapho kwenzeka ukuthi ukusinda koshaka goblin nakho kungasongelwa. Ukuqhubeka kulokhu, futhi nokuthi umkhiqizo wezentengiselwano walezi zinhlobo awenziwanga, ufakwa enanini lezinhlobo okungekho kuzo izinsongo (Least Concern - LC).
Qaphela ukuthi umhlathi kashark goblin uthathwa njengebaluleke kakhulu, futhi abaqoqi nabo banesithakazelo emazinyweni ayo amakhulu. Kodwa-ke, intshisekelo ayinkulu kangako ngokubandakanya ukudoba okujulile olwandle ikakhulukazi lokhu - i-scapanorinha ivikela indlela yokuphila kwakhe ekuzingelweni ngokungemthetho.
Kepha kuyaziwa ukuthi inani elikhulu kakhulu lalezi zinhlanzi lithengiswe ngokungekho emthethweni ezandleni zangasese kunokufika kososayensi - eduze kwaseTaiwan ngesikhathi esifushane bakwazile ukubamba cishe ikhulu. Kodwa izimo ezinjalo zenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo, ukudoba akwenziwa.
Ushaka goblin inenani elikhulu kososayensi - iyinhlanzi yasendulo, isifundo sayo esingakhanyisa inqubo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo futhi sithole isithombe esiphelele sezinto eziningi eziphilayo ezaziphila emhlabeni wethu kudala. Kuyathakazelisa futhi njengesinye sezilwane ezinkulu kakhulu futhi esethuthuke kakhulu ezikwazi ukuhlala ekujuleni okungaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1 000 - ebumnyameni nangaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 10.06.2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 22.09.2019 ngo-23: 49
