Ingulube yaseGuinea (lat. Noma ngabe kunegama layo loqobo, lolu hlobo lwesilwane esincelisayo asihlotshaniswa nezingulube noma impilo yasolwandle.
Indaba yokuqala
Ukufuywa kwezingulube ze-Guinea kwenzeka enkulungwaneni yesihlanu, ngaphambi kwenkathi yethu, ngokubamba iqhaza okusebenzayo kwezizwe zase-Andesan eNingizimu Melika... Izilwane ezinjalo zazisetshenziselwa ngenkuthalo ukudla kokhokho bezakhamuzi zanamuhla zaseningizimu yeColombia, ePeru, e-Ecuador naseBolivia. Kwamukelwa ngokuvamile ukuthi izingulube zeginea zasendle ngokwazo zazifuna imfudumalo nokuvikelwa endaweni yokuhlala abantu.
Kuma-Inca, ingulube engu-Guinea yayiyisilwane somhlatshelo isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke, izilwane ezinjalo ezincelisayo zazivame ukunikelwa kunkulunkulu welanga. Izilwane ezinombala onsundu noma umbala omhlophe ohlanzekile zazithandwa kakhulu. Ukhokho wezingulube zesimanje ezifuywayo kwakunguSavia arerea tshudi, otholakala ezifundeni eziseningizimu yeChile, ezindaweni ezisendaweni ephakeme engeqi ngaphezu kwamamitha ayizinkulungwane ezi-4.2 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle.
Kuyathakazelisa! Izilwane ezincelisayo zalolu hlobo zihlangana ngamaqembu amancane futhi zihlala emigodini evulekile engaphansi komhlaba.
Ngokubukeka kwayo nokwakheka komzimba, i-c .rearea tschudi ihluke ngokusobala ezingulubeni zasekhaya ezaziwa njengamanje, okungenxa yokutholakala kokudla, amanzi ampofu nokunotha kwamakhemikhali e-cellulose.
Incazelo yengulube yaseGuinea
Ngokuhambisana ne-zoological systematics, izingulube ze-Guinea (Cavis cobaya) zingabameleli abatelekile bomndeni wamagundane anezinselo futhi banokubukeka kwesici, kanye nesakhiwo esikhethekile.
Ukubukeka
Isakhiwo somzimba, izingulube ze-Guinea zifana kakhulu nemingcele eyisisekelo yokwakheka kanye nezici ezitholakala ezilwaneni eziningi ezifuywayo. Kodwa-ke, kunokwehluka okuningana okuphawulekayo okwaziwayo:
- ingulube ye-Guinea ine-cylindrical shape yomzimba eveziwe, kanye nobude obuphelele, njengomthetho, ebangeni lama-20-22 cm, kepha abanye abantu abavuthiwe ngokobulili bangase babe bade kancane;
- umgogodla wesilwane umelwe ngumlomo wesibeletho oyisikhombisa, ishumi nambili le-thoracic, i-lumbar eyisithupha, ama-sacral amane kanye nama-vertebrae ayisikhombisa we-caudal;
- i-Guinea yengulube, kanjalo, ayinamsila, futhi isilwane esinjalo cishe asinayo i-clavicles ngokuphelele;
- izingulube zeginea zesilisa zisinda kancane kunezinsikazi, futhi isisindo sesilwane esidala singahluka phakathi kuka-0.7-1.8 kg;
- izingulube ze-ginea zinemilenze emifushane kakhulu, zombili izingaphambili zazo zimfushane ngokuphawulekayo kunalezo zangemuva;
- ezinyaweni zangaphambili kunezinzwane ezine, nasemilenzeni yangemuva kunezintathu ngalunye, okuthi ngezici zazo zangaphandle zifane nezinselo ezincane;
- ijazi le-guinea pig likhula libuyele ngesilinganiso esiphakathi kuka-0.2-0.5 cm kungakapheli isonto elilodwa;
- isifunda se-sacrum sibonakala ngokuba khona kwezindlala ezi-sebaceous, futhi isikhumba sisonga eduze kwezitho zangasese kanye ne-anus inezindlala ze-paranoid ezinemfihlo ethile;
- inhloko yengulube endala ikhulu impela, inobuchopho obuthuthuke kahle;
- ama-incisor wesilwane esincelisayo akhula impilo yonke, kanti isilinganiso sezinqubo zokukhula cishe singamamilimitha ayisithupha nengxenye ngesonto;
- umehluko phakathi komhlathi ongezansi wengulube yeginea yikhono lokuhamba ngokukhululeka kungakhathalekile ukuthi uqondiswa kuphi;
- ubude obuphelele bamathumbu budlula kakhulu ubukhulu bomzimba wesilwane esincelisayo, ngakho inqubo yokugaya ingabambezeleka isonto lonke.
Umbala, amapharamitha wesakhiwo nobude bejazi kungahluka kakhulu, okuxhomeke ngqo kuzimpawu eziyinhloko zohlobo. Kunabantu abanezinwele ezimfushane kakhulu nezinde ngokumangazayo, ezi-wavy noma eziqondile.
Uhlamvu nendlela yokuphila
Ezimweni zemvelo, izingulube zeginea zasendle zikhetha ukusebenza kakhulu emahoreni asekuseni noma ngokushesha nje lapho kuqala ukuhwalala kusihlwa. Isilwane esincelisayo siyashesha impela, siyakwazi ukugijima ngokushesha futhi sizama ukuhlala siphapheme njalo. Ungabona ingulube yasendle hhayi kuphela ezintabeni, kodwa nasezindaweni zehlathi. Izingulube zaseGuinea azithandi ukumba imigodi futhi zikhetha ukuhlela isidleke endaweni ethule futhi eyimfihlo. Kusetshenziswa utshani obomile, uketshezi kanye namahlumela amancane ukuzakhela indawo yokukhosela ephephile.
Kuyathakazelisa! Izingulube zeginea ezifuywayo azisetshenziswa kabanzi hhayi njengezilwane ezingenasizotha nje kuphela, kepha futhi zikhiqizwa ezindaweni zokuhlala ezindaweni ezehlukene zocwaningo.
Isilwane sasendle sihlelekile, ngakho-ke sihlala endaweni ejwayelekile emhlambini omkhulu, phakathi kwezihlobo zaso... Umhlambi ngamunye noma umndeni ubonakala ngokuba khona kowesilisa oyedwa, ongaba nabesifazane beshumi kuya kwabangamashumi amabili. Ekhaya, izingulube ze-Guinea zigcinwa emakhejini ajwayelekile anendawo eyanele yokuhamba, ngenxa yomsebenzi wesilwane. Izilwane ezinjalo zilala izikhathi eziningana ngosuku, futhi uma kunesidingo, iguinea ingakwazi ukuphumula ngaphandle kokuvala amehlo ayo.
Ihlala isikhathi esingakanani ingulube yeginea?
Isikhathi sokuphila sengulube yeganga yasendle, njengomthetho, asidluli iminyaka eyisikhombisa, kanti isilwane esincelisayo sasekhaya, ngokuya ngemithetho yokunakekelwa nokuhlelwa kokudla okunekhono, singaphila cishe iminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu.
Izinhlobo zezingulube zaseGuinea
Izingulube ze-Guinea ezihlobisayo ziphakathi kwezilwane ezifuywayo ezithandwa kakhulu, okwaholela ekuzaleni inani elingakholeki lezinhlobo zoqobo nezingavamile zalesi silwane esingathobekile:
- Uhlobo lwe-Alpaca luhlukaniswa yizinwele ezinyene nezinhle, ezisontekile nezinde. Izingulube zinama-rosetette amabili ngemuva, kanye nelilodwa elimiswe ngokungajwayelekile ebunzini. Izinwele ezikhula ziqonde phambili endaweni yomlomo zenza amafinyila, kanti izitho zigcwele uvolo wodwa kusuka ezansi kuya phezulu;
- Uhlobo lweTexel lunengubo enhle kakhulu futhi egobile, ebukeka ifana nephemithi emanzi. Ngenxa yezinwele zayo ezingajwayelekile futhi ezikhangayo, uhlobo lweTexel luphakathi kokuthandwa kakhulu emazweni amaningi;
- Uhlobo lwe-Abyssinian lungenye yezinhle kakhulu futhi ezindala kakhulu, ezihlukaniswa ngejazi eliqinile elinama-rosettes amaningana ngesimo sezinwele ezinde kakhulu. Izingulube zalolu hlobo zihamba ngendlela emangalisayo futhi zibonakala ngokudla okuhle kakhulu;
- Uhlobo lweMerino lunengubo ende futhi egobile, kanye nezihlathi ezihlukile, ezithuthukiswe kahle kanye nama-sideburns. Uhlobo luqukethe amehlo nezindlebe ezinkulu, ikhanda elifushane, nokwakhiwa okuqinile nokuhlangene. Ekhanda lengulube kukhona "umqhele" ophakanyisiwe futhi ophakanyisiwe;
- Uhlobo lwePeruvia luhlukaniswa ngejazi elide futhi elihle elingadingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile noma okunzima kakhulu. Abanikazi bezingulube zeginea zalolu hlobo bavame ukusebenzisa ama-papillote akhethekile ezinwele zezilwane zabo, ukuvimbela ukungcoliswa ngokweqile kwezinwele ezinde;
- Uhlobo lweRex lungoluzalo olunezinwele ezimfishane, ngakho-ke uboya bunesakhiwo esingajwayelekile sezinwele ezibukeka zenza ingulube yasekhaya ibukeke njengethoyizi elihle eliphambili. Endaweni yekhanda nangemuva, ijazi linzima;
- Uhlobo lweCornet kwamanye amazwe lubizwa nge- "Crested" noma "Ukugqoka umqhele", okuchazwa ngokuba khona kwe-rosette ekhethekile phakathi kwezindlebe. Uhlobo luhlukaniswa ngokuba khona kwezinwele ezinde emzimbeni wonke. Ookhokho beCornet kwakuyizinhlobo zeSheltie neCrested;
- Uhlobo lweSheltie lubonakala ngengubo ende futhi eqondile, enosilika kakhulu, kanye nokuba khona endaweni eyinhloko yomhlwenga okhethekile, owela phezu kwamahlombe nangemuva kwengulube. Izilwane ezinezinwele ezimfishane kusukela zizelwe zithola ijazi lazo eligcwele ngezinyanga eziyisithupha kuphela.
Kuyathakazelisa! Izingulube zaseGuinea zohlobo lweBaldwin zibukeka zingajwayelekile futhi zingajwayelekile, zinesikhumba esithambile futhi esinwebeka, sinqunu ngokuphelele, futhi nezinwele ezimbalwa ezicashile nezingezinde kakhulu zingaba khona kuphela emadolweni esilwane.
Uhlobo lweSelfie kufanele ukuthi lube ngolunye lwezidume kakhulu futhi lifunwa phakathi kwezingulube ezimfishane ezifuywayo. Ukuba khona kombala oqinile ngokuhlukahluka kwemibala ehlukahlukene kakhulu kwenza ukunyakaza komzimba okuncane kakhulu kwesilwane kuhluke.
Ukugcinwa kwengulube yaseGuinea
Phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala ngemuva kokuthengwa, ingulube yesilwane ivame ukuba nobuvila futhi ithule kakhulu ngenxa yokujwayela okujwayelekile kwesilwane. Ngalesi sikhathi, isilwane sinamahloni kakhulu, sinesifiso esibi futhi sihlala isikhathi eside, simisiwe endaweni eyodwa. Ukwenza lula isikhathi sokuzivumelanisa namagundane, kubalulekile ukwakha umoya ozolile nowokwamukela ngokuphelele egumbini.
Ukugcwaliswa kwezinyosi
Ngokwemvelo yabo, izingulube ze-Guinea ziyizilwane ezinamahloni, zisabela kanzima kunoma yiluphi ushintsho lwendawo noma imisindo ephezulu kakhulu... Ngokugcinwa kwabo, ungasebenzisa i-terrarium noma ikheji nge-pallet, kepha ukhetho lwesibili lungcono. Ikheji ligcina indlu yokulala noma yokuphumula, kanye nezimpawu zemidlalo, iziphakeli nabaphuzayo. Ubukhulu bendlu bukhethiwe kucatshangelwa ubukhulu besilwane.
Ukunakekelwa, inhlanzeko
Isilwane esifuywayo akumele sivikelwe kuphela kokungakapheli, kodwa futhi nasekuvulekeni isikhathi eside elangeni eliqondile. Izindlela zokwelashwa kwamanzi zenziwa lapho kudingeka, kanti ijazi likanywa njalo ngesonto. Unganciphisa uzipho olungacijile ngokwemvelo izikhathi ezimbalwa ngonyaka.
Kuzothakazelisa futhi:
- Kungani iguinea ingulube
- Zingaki izingulube zeginea eziphila?
- Ukunakekelwa kwamazinyo engulube yaseGuinea
Khombisa izilwane, ezifundiswa zisencane ukuhlala phansi zinganyakazi, kuchazwe ngokuma okuqinile, kuzodinga ukunakwa okwengeziwe. Izilwane ezifuywayo ezinezinwele ezinde kufanele zifundiswe inqubo yansuku zonke yokukama, kanye nokugoqa izinwele kuma-papillote akhethekile. Ama-gilts anezinwele ezibushelelezi nezinwele kufanele anqunywe ngezikhathi ezithile.
Ukudla kwezingulube zaseGuinea
Endaweni yemvelo, izingulube zeginea zondla izimpande nembewu yezitshalo, amahlamvu, amajikijolo nezithelo eziwele ezihlahleni noma ezihlahleni. Ukudla okuyinhloko kwezingulube zeginea ezifuywayo kungaba yi-hay esezingeni eliphakeme, ejwayele ukwenza isimo somgudu wokugaya futhi ivumele isilwane ukuthi sigaye amazinyo. Ngenxa yesakhiwo esikhethekile sohlelo lokugaya ukudla, lezi zilwane zidla ukudla kaningi, kepha ngezingxenyana ezincane.
Okubalulekile! Odokotela bezilwane bancoma ukusebenzisa okuphakelayo okwenziwe ngomumo, isilinganiso saso isipuni esisodwa ngosuku.
Ukudla okuhlukahlukene okunamanzi kubaluleke kakhulu ekudleni kwegundane, okungamelwa ngama-apula, ulethisi, izaqathe neminye imifino.... Izithelo ezimnandi, izithelo namajikijolo kunikezwa njengokwelashwa. Ukuze kugaywe kahle amazinyo, isilwane sinikezwa ama-apula noma amahlumela e-cherry, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi noma impande yedandelion. Kuyadingeka ukufaka isitsha sokuphuza ngamanzi ahlanzekile futhi ahlanzekile esibayeni sezingulube, okumele sishintshwe nsuku zonke nakanjani.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi izingulube ze-Guinea ziyizilwane ezidla izilwane, ngakho-ke noma yikuphi ukudla okuvela ezilwaneni kufanele kukhishwe ekudleni kwalesi silwane. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, i-lactose ayifakwa yizilwane ezindala, ngakho-ke, ukwengeza ukudla kwesilwane esinjalo ngobisi kungadala ukukhula kokugaya ukudla. Noma ikuphi okuphakelayo okungekho ezingeni kanye noshintsho oluzumayo ekudleni kubangela ukugula okukhulu, futhi kwesinye isikhathi kube yimbangela enkulu yokufa.
Ezempilo, izifo nokuvikela
Isigaba sezifo ezivame kakhulu ukuhlangana nomnikazi wengulube ye-guinea kungabandakanya izifo ezilethwe yi:
- izibungu nezinambuzane zangaphandle;
- i-alopecia noma ukulahleka kwezinwele ngenxa yokudla okungafanele, izimo ezicindezelayo, ukungabi namavithamini noma amaminerali, ukuba khona kwama-parasites;
- ukulimala kanye nokwephuka okubangelwa ukwephula imithetho yokuqukethwe;
- ama-rickets ngokungabi nalanga noma izingxenye zamavithamini;
- imikhuhlane ngendlela yezifo ezinzima zokuphefumula, i-pneumonia, i-otitis media noma i-cystitis, okuwumphumela we-hypothermia;
- ukungahambi kahle kwama-incisors wamazinyo;
- ukuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kohlelo lokugaya ukudla, kuhambisane nohudo, ukuqunjelwa, i-enteritis nokuqunjelwa;
- i-keratitis kanye ne-conjunctivitis evela ngaphansi kwethonya lokutheleleka, amakhemikhali kanye ne-mechanical irritants.
Ukudla okungalingani noma ukondla ngokweqile kungaholela ekukhuleni okusheshayo kokukhuluphala okukhulu esilwaneni.
Ukuzala nenzalo
Kungcono ukukhwelana nezingulube ze-Guinea okokuqala ngqa lapho zinezinyanga eziyisithupha. Isikhathi se-estrus sowesifazane sihlala izinsuku eziyishumi nesithupha, kepha ukukhulelwa kungenzeka kuphela amahora ayisishiyagalombili, ngemuva kwalokho ukukhulelwa kuqala, kuphele ezinyangeni ezimbili ngokuvela kwenzalo.
Isonto ngaphambi kokuqala kokubeletha, ingxenye yesitho sowesifazane iyakhula. Kudoti, kaningi kunamazinyane amabili kuya kwamathathu kuya kwamahlanu. Izingulube zeginea ezisanda kuzalwa zikhule kahle futhi ziyakwazi ukuzihambela ngokuzimela. Owesifazane uvame ukondla inzalo yakhe isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezimbili.
Ukuthenga ingulube
Izilwane ezisezingeni eliphakeme zithobela ngokuphelele indinganiso yokuzalanisa futhi zibamba iqhaza emibukisweni yombukiso, futhi izingulube ezisezingeni eliphakeme ziyabandakanyeka ekuzaleni futhi zakha lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "umgogodla" wanoma iyiphi indlu yenja. Lezi zingulube ze-Guinea zibiza kakhulu futhi zinayo yonke imibhalo edingekayo. Izilwane ezifuywayo ezisezingeni eliphansi zihlala zingabizi kakhulu.
Izindleko zesilwane zincike kumapharamitha amaningi, kufaka phakathi ubulili, ikhwalithi, izici zombala nemvelaphi... Izingulube ezingenisiwe zibiza intengo yokuthenga kanye nezindleko zokuhamba ziye kumthengi, okungaba ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyi-13-15 noma ngaphezulu. Kunoma ikuphi, isilwane kufanele sibe nempilo ngokuphelele, sondleke kahle futhi sisebenze, sinamehlo ahlanzekile nekhala, kanye nezinwele ezilungiswe kahle ngaphandle kwezinkomba noma amabala anempandla.
Ukubuyekezwa komnikazi
Vele, izindleko zezingulube ezingajwayelekile azitholakali njalo kumthengi ojwayelekile, kepha uma ufuna ukuzibandakanya ekuzalaneni ngobuchwepheshe kwamagundane athandwayo, ukukhetha kwakho kufanele kumiswe ezilwaneni ezinokhokho obuhle kakhulu.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ukufuya izingulube ezweni lethu akukakafiki ezingeni eliphakeme lakwamanye amazwe, kepha namanje ochwepheshe bamagundane okuhlobisa balwela ukuthola izilwane ezifuywayo ezinokubukeka kwasekuqaleni nokungajwayelekile.
Abanikazi abanolwazi baphikisana ngqo nokuwela phakathi kwabamele izinhlobo zezinwele ezinde nezinwele ezimfushane, ngoba yonke inzalo evelayo izobekwa njengama-mestizo asezingeni eliphansi angabambi iqhaza emibukisweni yombukiso. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukungamukeleki kwabamele abalingani bezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene kungenxa yokuvinjelwa kokuthuthukiswa kwezimfanelo zohlobo.
Kunoma ikuphi, ingulube yeginea ngokufanele ingeyezilwane ezifuywayo ezihamba phambili, ikakhulukazi kuwo wonke umuntu ozama ukuba nesilwane okokuqala ngqa. Isilwane esinjalo asihlonipheki ekunakekelweni futhi kulula ukusinakekela, sithanda kakhulu futhi siyazijabulisa, ngakho-ke silungele ukugcinwa kwasekhaya, ngisho nasemindenini enezingane.
