Ikhayithi elibomvu (i-Milvus milvus) lingele-oda le-Falconiformes.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zekhayithi elibomvu
Ikhayithi elibomvu lingama-66 cm ngosayizi futhi linamaphiko angama-175 kuya ku-195 cm.
Isisindo: 950 kuya ku-1300 g.
Impaphe inezinwele ezinsundu - zibomvu. Ikhanda linemigqa emhlophe. Izimpiko zincane, zibomvu, nezeluleko ezimnyama. Izinto zangaphansi zimhlophe. Umsila u-échancrée ngokujulile futhi wenza kube lula ukushintsha indlela. Insikazi ilula kancane. Phezulu kunombala onsundu. Isifuba nesisu kunombala obomvana ngokunsundu ngemigqa emincane emnyama. Isisekelo somlomo nesikhumba esizungeze iso kuphuzi. Umthunzi ofanayo wezidladla. Iris ambrés.
Indawo yokuhlala kite ebomvu.
Ikhayithi elibomvu lihlala emahlathini avulekile, emahlathini amancane noma ezihlahleni ezinotshani. Kwenzeka ezindaweni ezinezitshalo, amasimu ama-heather noma amaxhaphozi. Ikhetha kakhulu imiphetho yehlathi ezindaweni zasemakhaya ezindaweni ezinezintaba, kepha nasemathafeni, inqobo nje uma kukhona izihlahla ezinkulu ezilungele ukwakhiwa.
Izidleke emahlathini ahlabayo futhi axubekile, ipulazi, amadlelo nezindawo zokushisa, kuze kufike kumamitha angama-2500.
Ebusika, uzithela ezindaweni eziwugwadule, ezihlahleni zamahlathi nasezixhaphozini. Waziwa njengomkhwabanisi wasemadolobheni, usahambela emaphethelweni amadolobha namadolobha.
Ikhayithi elibomvu lisakazeka
Ikhayithi elibomvu livame kakhulu eYurophu. Ngaphandle kwe-European Union, itholakala kwezinye izindawo empumalanga naseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeRussia.
Izinyoni eziningi ezitholakala enyakatho-mpumalanga yeYurophu zifudukela eningizimu yeFrance nase-Iberia. Abanye abantu bafinyelela e-Afrika. Abafuduki baya eningizimu phakathi kuka-Agasti noNovemba bese bebuyela emazweni abo phakathi kukaFebhuwari no-Ephreli
Izici zokuziphatha kwekhayithi elibomvu
Ama-kites abomvu eningizimu yizinyoni ezihlala phansi, kepha abantu abahlala enyakatho bathuthela emazweni aseMedithera ngisho nase-Afrika. Ebusika, izinyoni zihlangana ngamaqoqo afinyelela kubantu abayikhulu. Isikhathi esisele, ama-kites abomvu ahlala eyizinyoni ezihlala zodwa, kuphela ngenkathi yokuzala akha ama-pair.
Ikhayithi elibomvu lithola iningi lezisulu zalo phansi.
Ngasikhathi sinye, kwesinye isikhathi isilwane esinezimpaphe sithule kakhulu, cishe singanyakazi, silenga emoyeni, sibheke inyamazane engaphansi kwayo ngqo. Uma ibona isidumbu, yehla kancane ngaphambi kokuhlala eduze. Uma ikhayithi elibomvu libona inyamazane ephilayo, yehla ngokuntywila, ibeka imilenze yayo phambili kuphela ngesikhathi sokufika ukuze ibambe isisulu ngozipho. Imvamisa idla inyamazane yayo lapho indiza, ibambe igundane ngozipho bese ilishaya ngoqhwaku lwayo.
Lapho indiza, ikhayithi elibomvu lenza imibuthano ebanzi, ohlangothini lwentaba nasethafeni. Ishwiba kancane futhi ngokungatatazeli, ilandela umzila okhethiwe, ihlole ngokucophelela inhlabathi. Imvamisa ikhuphukela ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu, isebenzisa ukuhamba komoya ofudumele. Uncamela ukundiza esimweni sezulu esicwathile, futhi ucasha ngokufihla uma liguqubele futhi lina.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwekhayithi elibomvu
Ama-kites abomvu avela ezindaweni zokwakha izidleke ngasekupheleni kukaMashi nasekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli.
Izinyoni zakha isidleke esisha minyaka yonke, kepha kwesinye isikhathi zihlala esakhiweni esidala noma esidlekeni segwababa. Isidleke sasebukhosini saseMilan sivame ukutholakala esihlahleni esiphakeme ngamamitha ayi-12 kuye kwayi-15. Amagatsha amafushane omile yizinto zokwakha. Ulwelwesi lwakhiwa ngotshani obomile noma iziqu zoboya bezimvu. Ekuqaleni, isidleke sibukeka njengesitsha, kepha ngokushesha okukhulu siyabhabha futhi sithathe isimo sesikhulumi samagatsha nemfucumfucu.
Insikazi izalela amaqanda ayi-1 kuya kwayi-4 (kuyaqabukela). Anombala omhlophe ogqamile onamachashazi abomvu noma ansomi. Ukufukamela kuqala ngokushesha ngemuva kokuba insikazi izalele iqanda lokuqala. Eyesilisa kwesinye isikhathi ingayifaka esikhundleni sayo ngesikhathi esifushane. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-31 - 32, amatshwele avela anombala okhilimu phansi ekhanda, nangemuva komthunzi onsundu okhanyayo, ngezansi - kwethoni emhlophe - enokhilimu. Lapho kunezinsuku ezingama-28, amaphuphu asevele embozwe ngokuphelele ngezimpaphe. Kuze kube ukusuka kokuqala esidlekeni ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-45/46, ama-kites amancane athola ukudla ezinyonini ezindala.
Ukondla okubomvu
Isabelo sokudla sekhayithi elibomvu sihluke kakhulu. Isidlakudla esinezimpaphe sikhombisa ukuguquguquka okumangazayo futhi sikwazi ukuzivumelanisa ngokushesha nezimo zendawo. Idla izidumbu, kanye nezilwane eziphila ezweni, izinyoni ezincane nezilwane ezincelisayo. Kodwa-ke, umuntu kufanele abheke ukungabi namandla kokundiza ezindizeni ezibomvu, ngakho-ke kugxila ekubambeni inyamazane ebusweni bomhlaba. Cishe i-50% yokudla kwayo iwela kuma-invertebrate, amabhungane, ama-orthopterans.
Izizathu zokwehla kwenani lekhayithi elibomvu
Izinsongo ezinkulu kulezi zinhlobo yilezi:
- ukushushiswa ngabantu
- ukuzingela okungalawuleki,
- ukungcola nokuguquka kwendawo yokuhlala,
- ukushayisana ngezintambo nokushaqeka kukagesi ezintanjeni zikagesi.
Ukungcola kwe-insecticide kuthinta ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwama-kites abomvu. Usongo olucindezela kakhulu kulezi zinhlobo ezinobuthi obuqondile obungekho emthethweni ukuze kuqedwe izinyoni njengezinambuzane zemfuyo nezinkukhu. Kanye nobuthi be-pesticide obungaqondile kanye nobuthi besibili obuvela ekusetshenzisweni kwamagundane anobuthi. Ikhayithi elibomvu lisengozini ngoba lolu hlobo lubhekene nokwehla kwabantu ngokushesha.
Izinyathelo Zokulondolozwa kwe-Red Kite
Ikhayithi elibomvu lifakiwe ku-Annex I we-EU Birds Directive. Le nhlobo ihlolwe kakhulu ngongoti; kuthathwa izinyathelo ezihlosiwe ukuyigcina ngaphezu kobubanzi bayo. Kusukela ngo-2007, sekwenziwe amaphrojekthi amaningi okubuyisa kabusha, inhloso enkulu yawo ukubuyisa inani e-Italy, e-Ireland. I-EU Conservation Action Plan yashicilelwa ngo-2009. Izinhlelo zikazwelonke zikhona eJalimane, eFrance, eBalearic Islands naseDenmark nasePortugal.
EJalimane, ochwepheshe bacwaninga ngomthelela wamapulazi omoya esidlekeni seRed Kites. Ngo-2007, ngokokuqala ngqá, izinyoni ezintathu eziseFrance zafakwa imishini yokuhambisa iziphuphutheki ukuze zithole ukwaziswa okuvamile.
Izinyathelo eziyinhloko zokuvikela ikhayithi elibomvu zifaka:
- ukuqapha inani nokukhiqiza kokukhiqiza kabusha,
- ukuqaliswa kwamaphrojekthi wokuqalisa kabusha.
Ukulawula ukusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane, ikakhulukazi eFrance naseSpain. Ukwanda endaweni yamahlathi avikelwe wumbuso. Ukusebenzisana nabanikazi bomhlaba ukuvikela indawo yokuhlala nokuvikela ukuthi kungasukelwa ama-kites abomvu. Cabanga ukuhlinzeka ngokudla okwengeziwe kwezinyoni kwezinye izindawo.
