I-Lesser Fish Eagle (Ichthyophaga nana) ingeye-oda le-Falconiformes, umndeni we-hawk.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zokhozi oluncane lwenhlanzi.
Ukhozi oluncane lwenhlanzi lunobukhulu obungu-68 cm, amaphiko kusuka ku-120 kuye ku-165 cm.Isisindo senyoni edla inyama sifinyelela ku-780-785 gram. Lesi silwanyana esidliwayo esinezimpaphe sihlukaniswa ngombala ompunga onsundu futhi, ngokungafani nokhozi olukhulu lwenhlanzi olunekhanda elimpunga, alunazo izimpaphe ezimhlophe kuze kube ngaphansi komsila nomugqa omnyama. Akukho mehluko wombala ezimpapheni eziyinhloko. Ezinyonini ezindala, izingxenye ezingaphezulu nesifuba zinombala onsundu ngokuqhathaniswa nekhanda elimpunga nentamo enezinsimbi ezimnyama.
Izimpaphe zomsila zimnyama kancane kunezimpaphe zangaphandle. Ngenhla, umsila unombala onsundu, unamabala amhlophe phansi. Isisu namathanga zimhlophe qwa. Iris iphuzi, i-wax inombala onsundu. Amapayipi amhlophe. Ingaphansi lomzimba limhlophe, liyabonakala lapho lindiza. I-Undertail imhlophe ngokungafani nethiphu emnyama noma engaphansi emnyama yomsila. Ukhozi oluncane lwenhlanzi lunekhanda elincane, intamo ende nomsila omfushane, oyindilinga. Iris iphuzi, i-wax mpunga. Imilenze ifushane, imhlophe noma i-cyanotic ephaphathekile.
Izinyoni ezincane zinsundu kunabantu abadala futhi kwesinye isikhathi zinemigqa emincane ezimpapheni zazo. Iris yabo inombala onsundu.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezingaphansi kokhozi oluncane lwenhlanzi ngokobukhulu bomzimba. Izinhlobo ezingaphansi ezihlala ezwekazini laseNdiya zinkulu.
Izindawo zokuhlala zokhozi oluncane lwenhlanzi.
Ukhozi lwezinhlanzi oluncane lutholakala osebeni lwemifula yehlathi ngemisinga enamandla. Likhona futhi ngasemifuleni, okuyiziteshi ezibekwa phakathi kwamagquma nasemabhishi emifudlana yezintaba. Kunqabile ukusakazeka ezindaweni ezivulekile, njengaseduze kwamachibi azungezwe amahlathi. Uhlobo oluhlobene nalo, ukhozi olunekhanda elimpunga, luthanda izindawo ezingasemifuleni egeleza kancane. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izindawo, zombili izinhlobo zezinyoni ezidla inyama zihlala ndawonye. Lukhozi lweNhlanzi leLuncane lugcina emkhatsini wemamitha langu-200 kanye ne-1000 ngetulu kwelwandle, lokungaluvimbeli kutsi luhlale elwandle, njengoba kwenteka eSulawesi.
Ukusatshalaliswa kokhozi oluncane lwenhlanzi.
Ikhozi Lezinhlanzi Elincane lisatshalaliswa eningizimu-mpumalanga yezwekazi lase-Asia. Indawo ehlala kuyo ibanzi kakhulu futhi isuka eKashmir, ePakistan iye eNepal, kufaka phakathi inyakatho ye-Indochina, iChina, iBuru Moluccas kanye nokuya eziQhingini ezinkulu zaseSunda. Ama-subspecies amabili amukelwa ngokusemthethweni: I. h. U-plumbeus uhlala e-India ngaphansi kwezintaba ze-Himalaya, ukusuka eKashmir kuya eNepal, enyakatho ye-Indochina naseningizimu yeChina kuye eHainan. I. humilis uhlala ePeninsula yaseMalay, eSumatra, eBorneo, kuze kufike eSulawesi naseBuru.
Indawo ephelele yokusatshalaliswa ihlanganisa indawo kusuka ku-34 ° N. sh. kuze kufike ku-6 °. Izinyoni ezindala zenza ukufuduka okuyingxenye ephezulu yezintaba zaseHimalaya, zihamba emathafeni aseningizimu yezintaba ebusika.
Izici zokuziphatha kokhozi oluncane lwenhlanzi.
Izinkozi ezincane zezinhlanzi zihlala zodwa noma ngambili.
Isikhathi esiningi bahlala ezihlahleni ezomile osebeni lwemifula enesiphithiphithi, kepha bayabonakala egatsheni elihlukile lesihlahla eside esivela osebeni lomthunzi lomfula.
Ukhozi oluncane lwenhlanzi kwesinye isikhathi luthatha itshe elikhulu ukuzingela, eliphakama maphakathi nomfula.
Ngokushesha nje lapho umhlaseli esibonile isisulu, sihlephuka sisuka endaweni ephezulu yokubuka, bese sihlasela isisulu, sisibambe ngezinzipho saso esigobile njengaleso se-osprey.
Ukhozi lwezinhlanzi oluncane lushintsha indawo yokuqamekela futhi luhambe njalo lusuka endaweni ekhethiwe luye kwenye. Kwesinye isikhathi umhlaseli onezimpaphe uvele azulazule ngaphezu kwendawo ekhethiwe.
Ukuzalela kokhozi oluncane lwenhlanzi.
Isikhathi sokuzalela kokhozi oluncane lwenhlanzi siqala ngoNovemba kuya kuMashi eBurma, futhi kusukela ngoMashi kuya kuMeyi eNdiya naseNepal.
Izinyoni ezidla inyama zakha izidleke ezinkulu ezihlahleni eziseduze kwechibi. Izidleke zitholakala phakathi kwamamitha amabili kuya kwayishumi ngaphezulu komhlaba. Njengezinkozi zegolide, zibuyela minyaka yonke endaweni yazo yokwakha izidleke. Isidleke siyalungiswa, kunezelwa amanye amagatsha nezinye izinto zokwakha, kukhulisa ubukhulu besakhiwo, ukuze isidleke sibe sikhulu nje futhi sibonakale sihlaba umxhwele. Okusemqoka okusetshenziswa yizinyoni ngamagatsha amancane futhi amakhulu, ahlanganiswa nezimpande zotshani. Ulwelwesi lwakhiwa ngamaqabunga aluhlaza notshani. Ngaphansi kwesitsha sesidleke, yakha umatilasi ojiyile nothambile ovikela amaqanda.
Ku-clutch kukhona amaqanda ama-2 noma ama-3 amhlophe qwa, amise okweqanda. Isikhathi sokufukamela sithatha cishe inyanga eyodwa. Zombili izinyoni ngazimbili ziyafukamela amaqanda. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinyoni zinobudlelwano obuqinile ikakhulukazi futhi owesilisa unaka ngokuphelele umlingani wakhe. Ngesikhathi sokufukamela, ngezikhathi ezithile, zikhala ngokukhalipha okukhulu lapho enye yezinyoni ezindala ibuyela esidlekeni. Phakathi nawo wonke unyaka, izinkozi ezincane zezinhlanzi ziyizinyoni eziqaphe kakhulu. Amachwane asafufusa achitha amasonto amahlanu esidlekeni. Kepha nangemuva kwalesi sikhathi, abakakwazi ukundiza futhi bancike ngokuphelele ekondliweni yizinyoni ezindala.
Ukondla ukhozi oluncane lwezinhlanzi.
I-Lesser Fish Eagle izondla cishe kuphela ngezinhlanzi, ezizibamba ngokuhlasela ngokushesha. Ukhozi oludala noma olunolwazi oluningi lungadonsa inyamazane efinyelela kukhilogremu elilodwa emanzini. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ihlasela izinyoni ezincane.
Isimo sokongiwa kokhozi lwenhlanzi oluncane.
Ukhozi lwezinhlanzi oluncane alusongelwa ikakhulukazi yizinombolo. Kodwa-ke, ayitholakali kakhulu eziqhingini zaseBorneo, iSumatra neSulawesi. EBurma, lapho kunezimo ezikahle zokuhlala, kuyisilwane esinezimpaphe esivame kakhulu.
ENdiya naseNepal, izinkozi zezinhlanzi ezingaphansi ziyancipha ngenxa yokwanda kokudoba, ukucekelwa phansi kwamabhange anezinkuni kanye nokuchithwa kwemifula egeleza ngokushesha.
Ukuqedwa kwamahlathi kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu ethinta ukwehla kwesibalo sabantu bokhozi oluncane lwezinhlanzi, ngenxa yokuthi inani lezindawo ezilungele ukwakhiwa kwezinyoni lincishiswe kakhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphazamiseka kwe-anthropogenic nokushushiswa kwezinyoni ezidla inyama kuyaqina, okuvele kudutshulwe futhi konakaliswe izidleke zazo. Njengawo wonke amalungu ohlobo lo khozi oluncane lwenhlanzi lusengozini ye-DDE (umkhiqizo wokubola we-pesticide DDT), kungenzeka ukuthi ubuthi bezibulala-zinambuzane nabo budlala indima ekwehleni kwamanani. Njengamanje, lolu hlobo lubalwa eduze nesimo esesabekayo. Ngokwemvelo, cishe abantu abayinkulungwane kuya kwezingu-10 000 baphila.
Izinyathelo zokongiwa kwemvelo ezihlongozwayo zibandakanya ukwenza ucwaningo lokukhomba izindawo ezisatshalaliswa kakhulu, ukuqapha njalo ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene kulo lonke uhla, ukuvikela izindawo ezihlala ehlathini, nokukhomba umthelela wokusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane ekuzalaneni kokhozi oluncane lwenhlanzi.
