I-harrier enamabala (Circus assimilis) ingeka-oda le-Falconiformes. Cishe izinhlobo eziyishumi zezinyoni ezidla inyama zingaphansi kohlobo lwe-Circus, kepha phakathi kwazo i-harrier enamabala iyinhlobo ephawuleka kakhulu.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zenyanga enamabala
I-harrier enamabala inesayizi lomzimba ka-61 cm, amaphiko: kusuka ku-121 kuye ku-147 cm.Isisindo singama-477 - 725 gram.
I-Spotted Harrier yinyoni ephakathi nendawo, ezacile edlezelayo enekhanda elifushane, elibanzi nemilenze emide ephuzi engenazimpiko. I-silhouette yayo iyakhanga, yize umzimba wayo uzacile futhi unobuhle. Izimpiko ezinde zinesisekelo esibanzi, kanti umsila uyindilinga noma ungunxantathu ekugcineni.
Ubukhulu besifazane bukhulu kakhulu kunobo besilisa, futhi umbala wezimpaphe uhluke kakhulu.
Owesilisa osekhulile, umzimba ophezulu ungwevu-buluhlaza, ngaphansi kwezimpaphe kunombala onsundu. Zombili izinhlangothi zihlotshiswe ngobuningi ngephethini emhlophe enesiteki. Amahlombe nekhanda nakho kunsundu, kunemithambo empunga ku-hood. Umsila umpunga, unemigqa eminingana emnyama eguqukayo.
Lapho indiza, le harrier enamabala ivelele ezincomeni ezimnyama ngokuphelele zezimpaphe eziyinhloko nemivimbo ehlobisa izimpaphe zesibili. Lokhu kungukuhluka okumangazayo phakathi kwengxenye yomzimba enamabala aphansi kanye nayo yonke eminye izimpaphe ezibomvu ngokuphuzi. Izithiyo ezincane ezinamachashaza anomphetho onsundu onsundu. Izindawo zezimpaphe ekhanda naphambi kwamaphiko ziyi-suede-orange. Umbala wezimpaphe yi-motley. Ingaphansi lomzimba liphaphathekile, libomvu ngokubomvu ngemithambo emihle. Lapho indiza, kuvela iqhubu elikhanyayo, eliqhathanisa nenye ingxenye esele ephezulu yomthunzi omnyama.
Indawo ebonakele yeHarrier
I-harrier enamabala itholakala emahlathini avulekile anotshani, kufaka phakathi amahlathi e-acacia, amahlathi asogwini angaphakathi nezwe, izimfunda, nama-shrub steppes. Ibonakala kaningi emathafeni emvelo, futhi ibuye ingene ezindaweni zezolimo, emasimini, ezindaweni ezivulekile kakhulu, kufaka phakathi imiphetho yamaxhaphozi angaphakathi nezwe. Ihlala ezindaweni ezivulekile, kufaka phakathi phakathi kwamasimu elayisi namachibi asogwini. Isakazeka ezindaweni ezinezintaba kuze kufike ebangeni elingamakhilomitha ayi-1.5.
Isabalalisa i-harrier enamabala.
I-harrier harrier ivame kakhulu e-Australia.
Kusatshalaliswe eningizimu yezwe, kuhlala eNingizimu ye-Australia, eNew South Wales naseVictoria. Kusatshalaliswe eNew Guinea, naseziqhingini zase-Indonesia (iSumba, iTimor neSulawesi). Ihlala eziQhingini zaseSunda ezingaphansi. Lolu hlobo lwezinyoni ezidla inyama luhlala phansi, yize lwenza ukufuduka njalo kuye ngoshintsho lwendawo yokuhlala nokutholakala kokudla.
Ukuzalela isibonisi esinamabala
I-Spotted Harriers isidleke sodwa ezihlahleni e-Australia naseSulawesi. Isidleke siyipulatifomu enkulu etholakala kumamitha amabili kuya kwangu-15 ngaphezu kwenhlabathi. Isidleke silele phakathi kwamagatsha esihlahla. Kuyinto engavamile kakhulu ukuba izinyoni ezimbili zidle phansi. Izinto zokwakha eziyinhloko ngamagatsha omile. Ulwelwesi lwakhiwa ngamaqabunga aluhlaza futhi lubekwa ku-2-15 m ngaphezulu komhlaba, esihlahleni esiphilayo, kaningi phansi. Imvamisa ama-2, kuyaqabukela amaqanda ama-4 ku-clutch. Insikazi ifukamela izinsuku ezingama-32 - 34. Isikhathi sonke sokudlela sihlala izinsuku ezingama-36-43. Ngemuva kokubaleka, amaphuphu ahlala esidlekeni okungenani amasonto ayisithupha.
Ukudla okunomsoco kweHarrier
Izithiyo ezibanjiwe zidla izilwane ezincelisayo zomhlaba. Yidla:
- ama-bandicoots;
- bettongs by namagundane;
- izinyoni;
- ezihuquzelayo;
- kwesinye isikhathi izinambuzane.
Akuvamile ukuthi zidle izidumbu.
Isisulu siyalandelwa, sithathwe njengesisulu, ngenxa yalokhu umgadli wehlela phansi futhi ngemuva kokujaha isikhashana isisulu asikwazi ukubaleka. Izithiyo ezibanjiwe zibamba amadada, izinyoni (izigwaca, ama-lark, ama-skate) kanye nezilwane ezincane ezinjengezilwane ezihuquzelayo nezingenamgogodla. Kwesinye isikhathi, befuna ukudla, bandizela ezigodini ezinezinkukhu.
Izici zokuziphatha kwe-harrier enamabala
Eningizimu yezwekazi, izithiyo ezinamachashaza yizinyoni ezifudukayo, ngoba azibekezeleli imvula enkulu. Zishiya nezindawo zazo zokuhlala lapho izimo zomile kakhulu futhi zingabuyeli lapho futhi, nangemva kwezimvula ezinamandla lapho kunokudla okuningi. Lezi zinyoni ezidla inyama ziphakama futhi zindiza phezulu kakhulu.
Lapho indiza, amaphiko asatshalaliswa kancane afana nencwadi 'V', kwesinye isikhathi inyawo elilodwa noma amabili ahlala enamathele ngaphandle.
Izimpiko ezinde kakhulu zivumela izinyanga ezinamachashazi ukuba ziwele ngaphandle kotshani obude. Izinyoni ezidla inyama zivame ukusebenzisa imilenze yazo emide ukungena emahlamvu. Ukhololo omncane wobuso, ofana nowesikhova, ukhombisa ukuthi ukuzwa kuyithuluzi lokuzingela elibalulekile. Izimpaphe zobuso ezinoboya obumboza izimbobo ezinkulu ngokwedlulele zezindlebe, ziyizinto zokuzingela ezibalulekile. Ngosizo lwawo, izithiyo ezinamachashaza zibona kalula inyamazane yazo ngokuhayiza nokuqhwakela otshanini obude.
Izimpiko ezibanzi, eziphansi nezimise okwe-V zenzelwe ukundiza ezindaweni ezivulekile phakathi kwamadlelo, amahlathi aminyene nezihlahla ezomile. Izithiyo ezinamabala kwesinye isikhathi ziwela phansi, kepha zikhetha ukubheka inyamazane ezihlahleni ezomile. Zihlala zodwa noma ngazimbili.
Isimo sokonga se-harrier enamabala
I-harrier enamabala inendawo ebanzi yokusabalalisa, kepha iyinhlobo engavamile kuyo yonke indawo. Isibalo sezinyoni ezidla inyama asifinyeleli embundwini obucayi wezinhlobo ezisengozini ngokuya ngemibandela eyinhloko futhi sinokulinganisela okuhle. Isimo sabantu sihlala sizinzile, okusho ukuthi akukho ukwehla okungaphezu kwama-30% eminyakeni eyishumi noma izizukulwane ezintathu. Isibalo sezinyoni zalolu hlobo sikhulu kakhulu, ngenxa yalezi zizathu i-harrier enamabala ingeyenhlobo engeyona ingozi enkulu. Kepha ushintsho oluqhubekayo lwendawo yokuhlala lubeke izithiyo ezibonakalayo eVictoria County endaweni esengozini.
Izinombolo zezinyoni ezibikiwe zehle ezweni lonke e-Australia ngama-25% naseNew South Wales ngama-55%. Kodwa-ke, isimo salezi zinhlobo asiphakamisi lutho oluthile kuze kube manje ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuvikela i-harrier enamabala nendawo ehlala kuyo.
