Ukufunwa kwempendulo yombuzo othi "zidliwa yini izimpisi" kuholela esiphethweni sokuthi zithanda konke. Bathi izilwane ezilambile ezihlaselwa ukuphelelwa yithemba zihlasela zize zizalele emihumeni.
Izici zokudla kwezimpisi
Impisi, njengawo wonke ama-canine, idla inyama, kepha, yize ibhekwa njengesilwane esidliwayo, ngezikhathi ezithile ihlangana nabaqaphi.
Ukwakheka kokudla
Ukudla okuyinhloko kwezimpisi kungama-ungulates, ukutholakala kwawo nokuchichima kwawo kunquma inani lokusinda labantu bempisi.... Indlela yakhe yokuphila ibuye ivumelane nokucaciswa kwempilo yama-ungulates esifundeni esithile.
Izimpisi, ngaphandle kwabangakhishwa, zizingela izilwane ezinjenge:
- hares, izimpungushe, izimbila, izimbila, ama-ferrets nabanye;
- izinja nezinja ezifuywayo;
- amagundane, kufaka phakathi ama-gerbils, ama-voles, izingwejeje zomhlabathi nama-hamsters;
- izinyoni zasemanzini, kaningi ngesikhathi se-molt yazo;
- izinkukhu, ikakhulukazi izilwane ezisencane kanye nemivimbo;
- amahansi (asekhaya nasendle);
- izinyoka, izibankwa, amaxoxo namasele (kuyaqabukela).
Kuyathakazelisa! Kwesinye isikhathi izilwane ezidla ezinye zishintshela ekudleni okungajwayelekile - emaqeleni aseKizlyar (lapho izinkumbi zazala lapho), zathola ubulongwe bempisi, obabunezinsalela zawo ngokuphelele.
Ukudla abantu
Ukudla uhlobo lwabo akuvamile ephaketheni lezimpisi, amalungu alo ngaphandle kokungabaza adwengula iqabane elilimele / elibuthakathaka ebusika obunzima. Izilwane ezilambile zivame ukubulala ezibuthakathaka lapho kufanele zilwele ukudla. Abancintisana abathole ukulimala kwegazi empini yokulwela owesifazane bavame ukuhlukaniswa.
Izimpisi zimunca ukuthambekela kokudla abantu ngobisi lukanina. Kwelinye lama-zoo, amawundlu amakhulu empisi adabula futhi aqothula imbuzi ebuthakathaka yempisi lapho isuswa ekudleni kwenyama iya ekudleni okusengwa imifino. Izimpisi azibulali nje kuphela futhi zidle izilwane zazo ezilimele, kodwa futhi azizideleli izidumbu zezihlobo zazo. Ngenkathi yendlala, izilwane zisebenzisa ngokuzithandela ezinye izidumbu, ukuthola amadela, izindawo zokungcwaba izinkomo, ama-salot flops noma izingibe zokuzingela. Ebusika, umzila wepakethe yezimpisi uvame ukudlula ezindaweni lapho izidumbu ezibolile zihlala zilahlwa khona.
Ukuzingela, ukuphanga
Impisi iyahamba izingela kusihlwa, iyiphothule ekuseni. Uma ukuzingela kuphumelele, izimpisi zilala noma ziqhubeke nokulandela umkhondo ngemuva kobusuku obubi.
Ukuzingela impisi
Zifuna impango, izimpisi zihamba ibanga elingafika ku-50 km (noma eqhweni elijulile). Zilandela umzila ngemuva komkhondo, yingakho kungenzeki ukubala ukuthi zingaki izidalwa ezisemhlambini. Njengomthetho, azikho ngaphezu kwe-15 zazo - izilwane ezincane ezivela kuma-broods amabili wokugcina zithathwa ngokuzingela.
Kuyathakazelisa! Inhliziyo, isibindi namaphaphu kubhekwa njengesibiliboco, yingakho zihlala ziya kowesilisa onamandla amakhulu, umholi, othatha indima yokuba "oshayayo" ekuzingeleni.
Ngemuva kokubona umhlambi, izimpisi ziqala ukulandela kuze kube yilapho enye yezinyamazane iqala ukusala ngemuva. Sebedlulile kwelitshe, izidlo ziyalihaqa: ezinye - ngaphambili, eyesibili - ukusuka ngemuva, okwesithathu - kusuka ezinhlangothini. Ngemuva kokungqongqoza izinyamazane ezinyaweni, umhlambi uqhuma esixukwini, uhlukumeza isisulu size siphefumule okokugcina. Izilwane ezisele zihlehla ngokuhlazisayo.
Impisi idla malini
Isilo siyazi ukuthi singabulawa indlala amasonto ama-2, kepha sidla sigciniwe, ngemuva kokubamba umdlalo... Kodwa ngisho nempisi ebulawa yindlala ayikwazi ukugwinya inyama engama-25 kg, njengoba kusho eminye imithombo. Esiswini sempisi, kwatholakala ukudla okungu-1.5-2 kg, ngoba kumunca okungadluli ku-3 kg ngasikhathi, futhi okudliwayo okweqile kwalokhu kumane nje kuphindaphinde. Ofakazi bokuzibonela batshele ukuthi izidlakela eziyi-7-10 zazililuma kanjani ihhashi ebusuku, futhi impisi eTurkmenistan yodwa yabulala i-argali encane enesisindo esingu-10 kg. Kepha lezi zibalo azikhulumi ngenani lesikhathi sokudla esidliwayo, ngoba ingxenye yesidumbu ifihliwe futhi iyasuswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abahlwitha abafana nezimpungushe, izimpisi namanqe bathanda ukudla izilwane ezibulewe izimpisi.
Isikhathi sonyaka
Ukudla kwezimpisi kuyahluka (futhi impela) kuye ngesizini. Ukushintshashintsha kokuncamelayo kokudla kubonakala kwindlela yokuphila yephakethe lempisi - ukuhlala phansi kwezinkathi ezifudumele kushintshwa okungahlali ndawonye ebusika.
Ukudla kwasehlobo
Imenyu ye-wolf ehlobo iyona ethakazelisa kakhulu futhi isuselwa ku-vithamini, njengoba isuselwa ezinhlotsheni eziningi zokudla kwezitshalo / zezilwane, ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo zayo nokwakheka kobuningi. Ehlobo, ama-ungulates ajwayele ukufiphala ngemuva, anikeze indlela ezincelisayo eziphakathi nezincane.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ehlobo, amaprotheni ezilwane ekudleni kwempisi kulekelelwa ngezakhi zezitshalo:
- Umnduze wesigodi namajikijolo e-rowan;
- ama-blueberries nama-lingonberries;
- i-nightshade nama-blueberries;
- ama-apula namapheya;
- ezinye izithelo (ezifundeni eziseningizimu).
Kuyathakazelisa! Izimpisi zihlola amakhabe, lapho zinambitha khona amakhabe namakhabe, kepha imvamisa azingawadli kangako njengokuwonakalisa, okwenza umonakalo kumakhabe. Ezintabeni ze-Ural, izilwane ezidla ezinye zihlafuna amahlumela omhlanga omnandi, futhi azinqabi izinhlamvu ezihlukahlukene zokusanhlamvu.
Eningizimu, ngonyaka wokuvuna okwandisiwe kwe-steppe cherry, amathambo ayo ahlala etholakala endle yezimpisi.
Ukudla kwekwindla nobusika
Ekupheleni kwehlobo nasekwindla yokuqala, izimpisi ziyaqhubeka nokuzingela ama-ungulates asendle, ukulandela umkhondo wokudla kwezinkomo, ukumba ama-muskrat hut / burrows, ukuzingela izilwane ezincane (kufaka nezidlwane), nokubamba izinyoni zamanzi ngasogwini lwemizimba yamanzi. Ukuhlinzekwa kokudla kuyaphela ngokushesha lapho iqhwa lokuqala liwela. Ngalesi sikhathi, izimpisi zicishe zishintshele ngokuphelele kuma-ungulates, kufaka phakathi i-moose.
Ebusika, izilwane zizulazula emigwaqeni eshanelwe futhi zinqena ukuya eceleni komgwaqo, zibone isitimela noma i-sleigh eyodwa... Emakhazeni amabi kakhulu, izimpisi ziphelelwa ukwesaba, zisondela lapho kuhlala khona abantu. Lapha bagibela esibayeni semfuyo, bazingela izinja zonogada futhi bafune izidumbu, badwengula izindawo zokungcwaba izinkomo.
Ukudla kwentwasahlobo
Isandla sendlala esinamathambo sizwakala kakhulu ukubamba impisi emphinjeni ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho izidumbu ziphenduka izitha ezimbi kakhulu zabafuyi bemfuyo, ikakhulukazi labo abanamapulazi asemahlathini. Njengoba intwasahlobo isondela, inani lemfuyo ekudleni kwempisi likhula ngokusobala, lifinyelela esicongweni phezulu ehlobo, lapho amawundlu ayizimpisi ahlala elambile eqala ukuthola amandla epakethe.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ngokuqala kwemfudumalo, izilwane ezidla ezinye ezihlala emathafeni, ogwadule nasetundra ziqala ukubamba ama-corral ungulates akhulelwe - ama-saigas, izinyamazane, izinsephe nezinyamazane. Futhi ngenkathi kuvela inzalo, izimpisi zihlangana zizungeze izindawo zokuzala, lapho kuhlatshwa khona izilwane ezincane kanye nabantu abadala.
Ngemuva kokuncibilika kweqhwa nokuqala kokuthambekela ezilwaneni eziningi (ngo-Ephreli-Meyi), izimpisi ziphinda zisebenze kusuka kuma-ungulates kuya kuma-vertebrate amancane / aphakathi.
Ukudla ngokuya ngendawo
Ukudla kwezilwane ezidla ezinye nakho kunqunywa yisifunda sendawo yokuhlala. Izimpisi ezihlala ehlathini zizingela izinyamazane zasendle / zasekhaya ebusika, ngokugcizelela amathole namathole. Endleleni, kuhlatshwa izilwane ezincane, ngokwesibonelo, izimpungushe ezibandayo nezindlwana. Izimpisi ezizulazula ngasogwini lolwandle eNenets Autonomous Okrug ziphanga izingibe nezicupho zokuzingela, zithatha izidumbu zezilwane ezincelisayo zasolwandle eziphonswe ngaphandle igagasi, inhlanzi kanye nodoti wokuhweba.
Emahlathini aseTatarstan, izimpisi ikakhulu zizingela izilwane ezincelisayo ebusika obuneqhwa - imfuyo / ukubola (68%), hares (21%) namagundane e-murine (24%). Izinto zokudla eziyinhloko zezilwane ezihlala enkabeni yehlathi elimnyama lomhlaba omnyama yizilwane ezifuywayo, amagundane amancane nezidleke.
Kuyathakazelisa! Abantu bezimpisi ze-steppe eningizimu yeRussia bagxile kumagundane anjengegundane (35%), inyama eshonile (17%), kanye namathole, izinja, izimbuzi, izimvu nezingulube (16%).
Esiswini sezimpisi zaseCaucasus, ngaphezu kokudla kwezilwane, izinhlamvu zommbila zatholakala, nase-Ukraine (eduze naseKiev) - ngisho namakhowe. Ehlobo, ezifundeni ezisenyakatho yeKazakhstan, izimpisi ziqothula ngonya:
- hares;
- amagundane amancane (ama-voles amaningi wamanzi);
- i-ptarmigan encane ne-grouse emnyama;
- amadada amancane namakhemikhali;
- i-roe deer nezimvu (ezingavamile).
Izimpisi esezinze ogwadule iBetpak-Dala zidla kakhulu ama-saigas, izinsephe nezinyoni, zingakhohlwa ngezimfudu, ama-jerboas, ama-gerbils nezinambuzane.
Ukudla komdlwane
Amantshontsho anesisindo esingu-300-500 g, embozwe ngoboya obunsundu obansundu, azalwa eyimpumputhe futhi enemigodi yezindlebe evaliwe, abuye abone ngezinsuku eziyi-9-12. Amazinyo abo obisi aqhuma phakathi kwesonto lesibili nelesine, futhi imidlwane enamasonto amathathu izelwe iphuma yodwa emgodini. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, bahlala bodwa ngenkathi abadala bezingela, futhi ngezinyanga eziyi-1.5 bangasakazeka futhi bacashe engozini.
Impisi eyondla amantshontsho ngobisi izinyanga ezingafika ku-1.5, futhi yona idla lokho okulethwa owesilisa: ukubamba inyamazane noma ukubopha ngendlela yenyama egaywe uhhafu. Amawundlu, afinyelele kumaviki angu-3-4, adla umgqomo ngokwawo, ashiye umama ngezimvuthu.
Okubalulekile! Izazi ze-Zoologists ziphakamisa ukuthi ukondla imidlwane nge-belching (uhhafu wenyama egayiwe) kungenxa yokuntuleka kwama-enzyme wokugaya ukudla abizwa ngama-peptidases. Kwaphawulwa ukuthi amawundlu afakwa emabhodleleni, angatholanga ukuboshwa, asalele emuva emuva ekukhuleni nasekukhuleni, futhi ahlushwa namarickets.
Intsha ezinyangeni eziyi-3-4 ayisadingi ukuboshwa, bese iqala ukondla izilwane ezincane, ezihudulelwa emgodini ngabazali bazo. Izimpisi ezincelisayo ziyancipha kakhulu ehlobo, kuyilapho imidlwane ikhuluphala ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi ezinyangeni ezine zokuqala zokuphila. Ngalesi sikhathi, isisindo sabo sanda cishe izikhathi ezingama-30 (kusuka ku-0.35-0.45 kg kuye ku-14-15 kg). Impisi encane emaphakathi isisindo esingu-16-17 kg ngezinyanga eziyisithupha.
Ngemuva kokuthi amawundlu eseqine ngokwanele, abantu abadala bawafundisa ukubamba nokubulala inyamazane, ukuyiletha emgodini iphila, yize kufinyiwe. Maphakathi nehlobo, abesilisa asebekhulile sebevele bahola izilwane ezincane ezilwaneni ezihlatshiwe, kepha ukuqeqeshwa okunamandla kakhulu kuqala kamuva. Ngo-Agasti, izimpisi esezikhulile zizama ukubamba amagundane nezinye izinto ezingenangqondo, kuthi ngoSepthemba babe ngabahlanganyeli abagcwele ekuzingeleni ama-ungulates.
