Njengamanje, izilwane zanamuhla zifaka izinhlobo eziningi zama-possum, kepha iningi lazo lanyamalala ngokuvela kwemvelo. Kodwa-ke, noma ngabe iningi lalezi zimarsupials selinyamalele, amanye ama-possum nokho azivumelanisa nezimo ezintsha futhi njengamanje ayizinhlobo ezichumayo. Njengamanje, inani labo labantu ligxile kakhulu ezwenikazi laseMelika, ezingxenyeni zalo ezisenyakatho naseningizimu. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi kwezinye izinhlobo, isikhwama sesikhumba silahlekelwe ukusebenza kwaso ngesikhathi sokuvela.
Incazelo
I-possum isilwane esincelisayo esincane semarsupial esifana negundane.... Abamele bokuqala balolu hlobo bavela esikhathini seCretaceous, okungukuthi, cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyi-100 edlule, futhi abakaze bashintshe ngokuphawulekayo kusukela lapho.
Kuyathakazelisa! Usayizi wesilisa omdala ufinyelela ku-60 cm, owesifazane mncane kancane, cishe amasentimitha angama-50-55. Lokhu kusebenza ezinhlotsheni ezinkulu kunazo zonke, izinhlobo ezincane zingaba ngamasentimitha ayi-15-20 lilinye futhi zinesisindo esisuka ku-50 amagremu kuye kuma-2 kilograms.
Isifonyo salezi zilwane side, umsila uvame ukungambozwa ngoboya, ukuqina okunamafutha phansi, futhi kunenhloso ebonakalayo: ngosizo lwaso, isilwane sithatha amagatsha lapho sihamba phakathi kwezihlahla, futhi sibambelele kuzo ngesikhathi sokulala emini. Umzimba we-possum umbozwe ngoboya obufushane, obukhulu, obukhulu. Umbala wayo wehluke kakhulu futhi ungasuka kokukhanya uye komnyama, konke kuncike endaweni yokuhlala nezinhlobo. Imilenze yangaphambili ithuthuke kakhulu kunaleyo yangemuva; kukhona izinzipho ezi-5 ezibukhali ekugcineni kwemilenze.
Onke ama-possum ayasebenza ebusuku, emini alala ezihlahleni noma emigodini. Ukwakheka kwemihlathi kukhuluma ngobungqabavu be-possum, banamazinyo angama-50, ama-canine ama-4 awo. Isikhathi sokuphila se-possum endle sifinyelela eminyakeni engu-5, ekuthunjweni ngokunakekelwa okufanele nokudla kuze kube yiminyaka engu-7 noma ngaphezulu. Indlela yokuzivikela yalezi zilwane iyathakazelisa kakhulu, ifanelwe ukunakwa okukhethekile. Ngokwemvelo, i-phenum iyesabeka kakhulu futhi uma kwenzeka ingozi izenza sengathi ifile, ilele inganyakazi, futhi ngosizo lwezindlala ezikhethekile ikhipha iphunga elingathandeki elifana nephunga lomzimba obolayo. Umzingeli, esehogelile, uvame ukushiya. Ngemuva kwalokho, isilwane "sivuselela" ngokushesha bese sibaleka. Mangisho ukuthi leli qhinga liletha impumelelo enkulu ekusindeni kwezinhlobo. Futhi lezi zilwane - izinhloko zokulala ezinhle, zingalala kuze kufike emahoreni angu-19 ngosuku.
Indawo yokuhlala
Ngokusho kososayensi, ezikhathini zangaphambi komlando, lezi zilwane zazisakazeke kakhulu kuyo yonke indawo yaseYurophu yanamuhla, njengoba kufakazelwa ukumbiwa kwezazi ze-paleontologists. Ama-possums manje achuma ngenkuthalo ezweni elisha.... Izinguzunga zeqhwa nokupholisa okuhambisana nakho kwesimo sezulu kuthinte lezi zindawo ezingaphansi kweYurophu. Ama-possum ajwayelekile kakhulu aseNyakatho naseNingizimu Melika, e-Argentina, kepha muva nje bebehlola ngenkuthalo izindawo ezingasenyakatho. Bahlala naseningizimu-mpumalanga yeCanada nase-Lesser Antilles.
Ama-Possums ahlala emahlathini azo zonke izinhlobo, ama-steppes kanye nezindawo ezingamahlane. Zitholakala zombili ezindaweni ezisicaba nasezintabeni eziphakeme kuze kufike kumamitha ayi-4000. Kunezinhlobo ezihola indlela yokuphila yasemanzini, ezihlala eduze nemizimba yamanzi, zakha izimbobo emigodini yezihlahla. Kepha iningi labo lisaphila impilo yasemakhaya noma yasemhlabeni.
Kuyathakazelisa!Kukhona ama-possum ahlala eduze nendawo ahlala kuyo umuntu, kepha imvamisa agwema ukuxhumana nabantu.
Ukudla
Ama-opossum angama-omnivores ngokudla kwawo.... Zondla izinambuzane, izimpande ezahlukahlukene, izithelo namajikijolo, okungajwayelekile ukuthi ziye kozingela kwangempela, kepha lokhu kuvame kakhulu ezinhlotsheni ezinkulu. Izibankwa, amagundane anjengamagundane, amagundane ngisho onogwaja bangasebenza njengezinto zokuzingela.
Ngokuvamile, ukudla kuncike ezinhlotsheni zama-possum nezimo zabo zokuphila. Kukhona ngisho nama-possum asemanzini, adla kakhulu ngezinhlanzi, kwesinye isikhathi angazingela amaxoxo nezinyoka ezincane zamanzi. Ngezikhathi zendlala, amacala odla inyama akuvamile. Lezi zilwane zinesifiso esihle sokudla, kepha akumayelana nokuminza kwazo, kumane kungukuthi ama-opossum enza ama-fat reserves wezikhathi "ezinzima".
Uma ugcina isilwane njengesilwane sasekhaya, ungasondla ngezithelo, imifino, inkukhu namaqanda. Ezimweni ezingavamile, kungenzeka ukuthi unikeze ukudla okuhloselwe amakati, kepha lokhu akufanele kusetshenziswe ngokweqile.
Ukukhiqiza kabusha
I-Opossum iyodwa... Kodwa-ke, phakathi nesikhathi sokukhwelana, bakha ama-pair, kepha lokhu akuhlali isikhathi eside. Ngemuva kokuphela kwenkathi yokukhwelana, eqala ngoDisemba kuya kuJanuwari, izilwane ziyahlukahluka futhi. Ama-opossum yizilwane ezizala kakhulu. Ukukhulelwa kwabesifazane kufushane kakhulu futhi kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-20-25 kuphela, ezinhlotsheni ezincane zokukhulelwa kungahlala izinsuku eziyi-15 kuphela, kusuka ku-8 kuya ku-15 amawundlu azalwa kudoti, ezimweni ezingavamile isibalo sawo singafinyelela kuma-25. Amantshontsho azalwa ngokuphelele engashintshiwe izimpilo, zifana nemibungu, ecishe ilingane nenyosi futhi inesisindo esingu-2 kuye ku-5 amagremu.
Kuyathakazelisa!Isikhathi sokondla inzalo ngobisi side impela futhi sithatha izinsuku ezingama-100. Ngalesi sikhathi, ama-possum amancane akhula ngenkuthalo futhi athola isisindo. Cishe emva kwezinyanga ezimbili, zimbozwa kancane izinwele futhi amehlo abo avuleke.
Ngemuva kwalokho, bangashintshela ekudleni kwabantu abadala. Ukuvuthwa ngokocansi kwenzeka ezinyangeni eziyi-6-8 kwabesifazane nabesilisa. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-opossum zithwala inzalo esikhwameni, kepha iningi lazo azinayo ngakho-ke abesifazane bathwala amazinyane abo emhlane.
Izinhlobo ze-Opossum
Ake sibhale ezinye zezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zama-possums. Zonke zihlukile ngempilo, usayizi, ukudla nendawo yokuhlala.
I-possum ejwayelekile
Okudume kakhulu kubo bonke. Lolu uhlobo olukhulu kakhulu lwalesi silwane, lungafinyelela usayizi wekati elifuywayo futhi lube nesisindo esingama-6 kilogram. Kodwa njengomthetho, isisindo esivamile singama-4.5-5 kilogram. Kuhlala emahlathini, ikakhulu edvute nemitimba yemanti. Idla okusanhlamvu, izibankwa ezincane, izinambuzane, amakhowe. Zidla izidumbu kaningi.
I-Verginsky possum
Futhi yisilwane esikhulu impela esinesisindo esingama-6 kilograms. Esikhathini esiningi kuhlala amahlathi aswakeme, kepha kungatholakala nasemathafeni. Idla amagundane amancane, izinyoni, izidleke ezincithakalo. Ingahlasela onogwaja abasha ngempumelelo.
Amanzi we-possum
Kuhola impilo yasemanzini. Idla izinhlanzi, ama-crayfish nama-shrimp asemanzini ahlanzekile, kwesinye isikhathi izithelo. Ibamba ukudla ngezidladla zangaphambili zayo zintanta. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo, la ma-possum azala amawundlu ambalwa, kusuka ku-1 kuye ku-6, kanti amanye anezingane ezisukela kwezingu-8 kuye kwezingu-20.
I-Mouse possum
Lesi yisilwane esincane esifinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-15 ngosayizi. Kuhlala emahlathini asezintabeni ezindaweni eziphakeme kuze kufike kumamitha ayi-2500. Idla izinambuzane, izithelo namaqanda ezinyoni. Kukhona kufika ku-12 amawundlu kudoti.
I-opossum empunga engenazinwele
Lolu uhlobo oluncane kakhulu. Ubude bomzimba bufinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-12-16, kanti isisindo sifinyelela ku-120 amagremu. Zihlala emathafeni, ikakhulu otshanini obuphansi nobuminyene. Imvamisa ihlala eduze kwekhaya lomuntu.
Patagonian possum. Futhi uhlobo oluncane lwama-possum, umzimba walo ufinyelela kubude obungamasentimitha ayi-13-15, futhi unesisindo esingu-50 grams kuphela. Idla kakhulu izinambuzane, hhayi kancane izinyoni ezincane noma izibankwa.
Amaqiniso Athandekayo
Ama-oposamu yizilwane ezinamahloni kakhulu... Kunoma iyiphi ingozi ziyabaleka noma zenze sengathi zifile, ngakho-ke akulula ukubamba. Kodwa ososayensi bathole indlela yokuphuma: kwavela ukuthi lezi zilwane zinesifiso sotshwala. Ukuze ubambe i-possum, udinga nje ukubeka amasosi ngesiphuzo esidakayo ezindleleni zezilwane. Bazoyiphuza ngenkulu injabulo futhi, lapho belahlekelwe yikhono lokuhamba, bangaqoqwa ngokuphepha.
Kuzo zonke izinzwa, ngokusho kososayensi, lezi zilwane zinemizwa ethuthuke kakhulu yokuhogela. Elinye iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi benza cishe imisindo engekho, ngaphandle kwalapho besezinhlungwini.
Kuyathakazelisa!Cishe zonke izinhlobo zama-possum yizilwane ezilahlekile futhi azinayo indawo yazo ehleliwe ezizingela kuyo, njengoba kunjalo nangezinye izilwane.
Lezi zilwane zivame ukusetshenziswa njengezilwane ezifuywayo, noma ezweni lethu zingaphandle, ngoba azinamqondo ekugcineni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uboya be-opossum busetshenziswa njengezinto zokwakha izesekeli zezingubo nezemfashini. Kodwa-ke, ayihlukile ngekhwalithi nokuqina futhi, ngakho-ke, ayithandwa.
I-Possum njengesilwane esifuywayo
I-possum ingagcinwa ekhaya njengesilwane esifuywayo. Kepha abathandi be-exotic kufanele badumale. Lezi yizilwane zasebusuku futhi kuzoba nzima kakhulu ukuzijwayeza indlela yokuphila yansuku zonke yomuntu. Kufanele ondliwe ngokudla okusha: izithelo, inkukhu, izinambuzane, izibungu. Akuvunyelwe neze ukunikeza inyama enamafutha, kulokhu bangagula. Uma une-pair of possums, khona-ke zidinga ukugcinwa emakhejini ahlukene, ngaphandle kwalokho izimpi nezingxabano akunakugwenywa. Ama-opossum akufanele ajeziswe ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo, ngoba angaluma kakhulu.
