I-python (i-Antaresia perthensis) ingeka-oda olubi.
Ukusatshalaliswa kwe-python python.
I-python itholakala esifundeni sePilbar enyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Australia futhi kwesinye isikhathi enyakatho-mpumalanga yeQueensland.
Izindawo zokuhlala zePythons.
Ama-python ayizinyoka eziningi futhi ezisabalele e-savannah eshisayo nasezindaweni ezishisa kakhulu nezomile e-Australia. Lezi zifunda zihlukaniswa yimvula encane kakhulu, evame ukuna ngesikhathi sehlobo. Indawo yokuhlala imelwe yizindawo eziyisicaba zomhlaba ezinezimila ezingatheni, okuthi, njengomthetho, ziqukethe izihlahlana zotshani obuphansi nezihlahla zikagamthilini ezikhula kancane.
Izimbila zicasha ezihlahleni zikanokusho zespinifex emini ukuze zigweme ukushisa kwelanga lase-Australia. Lolu hlobo lwenyoka lufihla ezindundumeni ezinkulu zomuhlwa, ngaphansi kwamatshe, lapho izilwane ezihuquzelayo zichitha khona cishe wonke amahora emini. Njengomthetho, izinhlwathi ezimfushane ziba nesiphephelo nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane ezihuquzelayo, kufaka phakathi ama-pythons anekhanda elimnyama, izinyoka ezinsundu, izinyoka zenyanga, izigaxa ezinesihlabathi ezibanzi, kanye nezipiniki ezinama-spiny. Kukhona okucatshangwayo ukuthi izinhlwathi zivakashela lezi zindunduma, ngoba ukushisa kwasemini ohlangothini lwesihlabathi kungafinyelela kuma-38 C, okuyizimo ezilungele ukuzalaniswa kwalezi zinyoka. Ngaphakathi kwezindunduma, izinhlwathi nezinye izinyoka ziyahlangana zibe amabhola amakhulu. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinhlwathi ziyaphumula futhi zibalekele ukushisa ngokweqile.
Izimpawu zangaphandle ze-python.
Ama-pwaron wensundu yizona python ezincane kunazo zonke emhlabeni, ezilinganisa cishe u-60 cm kuphela futhi enesisindo esingu-200 g. Ngesikhathi sokuchanyuselwa, lezi zinyoka ezincane zinobude obungamasentimitha ayi-17 kuphela futhi zinesisindo esingu-4 amagremu. Abesifazane bakhulu kancane kunabesilisa. Ikhanda lifushane futhi limise okombenge, umzimba ujiyile, unemisipha ekhule kahle. Uhlangothi lwedorsal luvame ukuba ngumthunzi wezitini obomvu omnyama nephethini. Iphethini ngendlela yamamaki amane amnyama. Njengomthetho, amaphethini nemibala ekhanyayo ikhanya kakhulu ezinyokeni ezisencane, kwesinye isikhathi iphethini iyanyamalala ngokuphelele njengoba amaPythoni evuthwa. Ohlangothini lwe-ventral lomzimba, umbala unokhilimu omhlophe.
Onke ama-python, kufaka phakathi ama-python amancane, aqhubekela phambili kulayini oqondile. Le ndlela yokunyakaza ifinyelelwa ukuqina kwezimbambo zabo, okunikeza ukusekelwa okuthembekile komzimba, okusiza ukuqhubekela phambili. Ngakho-ke, ama-pythons akhasa phansi nasezihlahleni.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-python python.
Njengezinyoka eziningi ezincane, izinhlwathi zibonisa indlela yokukhwelana, lapho abesilisa nabesifazane abaningana befakwa ebholeni. Le mpendulo kukholakala ukuthi ingumphumela wama-pheromones abesifazane. Abesifazane bakhipha ama-pheromone ngokuphendula ukwehla kwamazinga okushisa asendaweni. Isitho sowesilisa sokuzala sinama-hemipenes ahlukanisiwe, acasha emsileni. Amaqanda e-python amancane akhula emazingeni okushisa anele, okubalulekile ekuzaleni.
Uma imibungu ikhula ekushiseni okunganele, amaqanda amaningi awakhuli noma kuvele izinyoka kubo ngesici sokuzalwa, njenge-kyphosis yomgogodla. Izinga lokushisa eliphansi lokufukamela nalo lingaholela kokungajwayelekile njengokumnyama noma ukushintsha kombala. Ukusiza kwinqubo yokuthuthuka, i-python python python yensikazi isebenzisa izinyo elincane leqanda elibekwe ngaphambili, kuyasiza ukugqobhoza igobolondo elicinene lamaqanda ukuze imibungu ithole umoya-mpilo odingekayo ekuphefumuleni. Ukunakekela inzalo ezimpondweni kuboniswa eqinisweni lokuthi izinhlwathi zezinsikazi ziyaphapha zizungeze i-clutch ukuvikela amaqanda ngenkathi zisakhula. Ngokushesha lapho kuvela izinyoka ezincane, ngokushesha zizimela.
Izinhlwathi zemifino zihlala emvelweni iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-25. Ukuthunjwa kuncane, kuze kube yiminyaka engama-20.
Umsoco we-python omncane.
Izimpungushe zibulala inyamazane yazo ngokuyikhama ngamasongo omzimba wazo. Yize izingqinamba zibandakanya ukucindezela okuqhubekayo, empeleni kwenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile. Njengoba kudingeka inani elikhulu lamandla ukuze kufinyelelwe imisipha, ukuncipha kwemisipha ngezikhathi konga amandla. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-python ayisikhiphi ngokushesha isisulu esiklinyiwe, kodwa iphinde iyikhame ngokushesha okukhulu uma iqhubeka nokuphikisa.
Ama-pwaron amancane, abazingeli ebusuku. Ukuzingela ebusuku kuyabasiza ukuthi bagweme amazinga okushisa adlulele ajwayelekile ezindaweni ezomile emini. Basebenzisa iphunga ukulandela umkhondo wezilwane zabo, kanti ngolimi oluyimfoloko "banambitha" umoya, futhi imininingwane etholakele idluliselwa ku-organ kaJacobson esemgodini womlomo. Ulimi oluyimfoloko ezinsizini luyisitho sokuhogela nokunambitha, luhamba njalo, olunquma ukuba khona kwezinhlayiya ezahlukahlukene emoyeni, enhlabathini nasemanzini, ngaleyo ndlela kunqume ubukhona bezilwane noma izidumbu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinyoka zine-receptors ezwela i-IR emiseleni ejulile phakathi kwamakhala neso. Lezi zakhiwo zivumela izilwane ezihuquzelayo ukuthi "zibone" ukushisa okukhazimulayo kwezilwane ezincelisayo.
Izinhlwathi zezinambuzane zibona ukusondela kwezinye izilwane ngokudlidliza okubuthakathaka emoyeni nasemhlabathini.
Ukudla kuyashintsha ngeminyaka yobudala: izinyoka ezincane zivame ukuzondla ezihuquzelayo ezincane, kufaka phakathi ama-geckos nama-skinks. Njengoba zikhula, indlela yazo yokudla ishintshela ekudleni izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane njengamalulwane, okuyizinyoka ezibamba ngendlela emangalisayo. Izinhlwathi zemifantu zikhasa onqenqemeni olulula lokungena emnyango womhume bese zihlasela amalulwane lapho zingena zingena noma ziphuma.
Izinyoka ezindala nazo zondla izilwane eziphila ezweni nasemanzini. Ukugaywa kokudla cishe njalo kuqala lapho inyoka igwinya inyamazane, ngoba amathe nejusi lesisu, elimboza ngokuphelele isisulu, liqukethe ama-enzyme aqinile adiliza ukudla. Isikhathi sokugaya sincike kakhulu ebungwini benyamazane nohlobo lwenyamazane ebanjiwe; kwesinye isikhathi i-pygmy python igaya isisulu esikhulu izinsuku ezimbalwa, ikhase endaweni ecashile.
Okusho umuntu.
Ama-pwaron we-dwarf akuzona izinyoka ezinolaka, ngakho-ke ziyadingeka njengezilwane ezifuywayo. Zivumelanisa ngokuphelele nezimo zokugcina ekuthunjweni futhi azifuneki ezimeni ezikhethekile zokugcina nokudla.
Izinsongo ku-python python.
Izimbungulu zivamile kuyo yonke indawo yazo yemvelo. Okuwukuphela kosongo olubucayi kulolu hlobo lwenyoka ukufa ngaphansi kwamasondo ezimoto, njengoba izinhlwathi zivame ukweqa imigwaqo ngezikhathi eziphakeme zosuku lokusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlwathi ziyizisulu zokushushumbisa, futhi imizamo yokuthekelisa lolu hlobo ngokungemthetho ngaphandle kwe-Australia iye yanda. Lezi zenzo zihlukaniswa njengecala elijeziswa ngokuhlawuliswa kanzima nangesikhathi sasejele.
