Kungenzeka yini ukuthi izintuthwane zibe yisixazululo senkinga yama-antibiotic? Ososayensi bathole ukuthi ukuvikela amagciwane kwezinye izintuthwane kuzokwenza ukuthi ukwelashwa kwezifo ezithathelwanayo kuphumelele kakhulu.
Manje ososayensi sebenqume ngokunembile ukuthi izintuthwane zingaba umthombo othembisayo wama-antibiotic. Izinhlobo ezithile zalezi zinambuzane, ezinye zazo ezihlala e-Amazon, zivikela izidleke zazo kumagciwane nasikhunta ngosizo lwama-bacterium akhethekile. Amakhemikhali abawakhiphayo afakazelwe ukuthi anemiphumela enamandla yokulwa namagciwane. Abaphenyi manje sebebheke ukubahlola ezilwaneni ukuze bathole ukuthi angakwazi ukwelapha abantu.
Ngokusho kodokotela, isidingo semithi elwa namagciwane emisha siphezulu kakhulu njengoba amagciwane aya ngokuya emelana nemithi ejwayelekile. Isibonelo, abantu abangaphezu kuka-700,000 emhlabeni wonke babulawa yizifo ezingazweli kuma-antibiotic. Ezinye izikhulu zithi empeleni isibalo siphakeme kakhulu.
Njengoba uProfesa Cameron Curry wase-University of Wisconsin-Madison echazele izintatheli, ukumelana nemithi elwa namagciwane kuyinkinga eyandayo. Kepha ukufunwa okujwayelekile kwama-antibiotic amasha kunzima kakhulu. Amathuba okuphumelela aphansi ngokwedlulele, njengoba kuphela uhlobo olulodwa kwesigidi oluthembisayo. Endabeni yezintuthwane, izingqinamba ezethembisayo zivela ku-1: 15. Ngeshwa, akuzona zonke izintuthwane ezifanele ukucwaninga, kepha kuphela ezinye zezinhlobo ezihlala emazweni aseMelika. Lezi zintuthwane zithola ukudla kwazo ezintweni zezitshalo zilethwa ezidlekeni, okuwukudla kwesikhunta, izintuthwane ezidla kuzo.
Lelisu selivele lavela ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyizigidi eziyi-15 futhi likhombise ukuphumelela ngokweqile. Njengamanje, la mapulazi amakhowe aqukethe izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingama-200 zezintuthwane. Ezinye zazo zimane zicoshe izingcezu zamaqabunga amadala noma utshani obulele phansi, kodwa ezinye izintuthwane ziwasika ezihlahleni bese, ziyawaquma, ziwathumele ezidlekeni zawo. Izitshalo kunzima ukugaya, kepha amakhowe abhekana nalokhu ngempumelelo, okwenza izinto zezitshalo zikulungele ukondla izintuthwane.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kwaqaphela ukuthi izidleke ezinjalo ngezikhathi ezithile ziba yinto yokuhlaselwa ngamakhowe anenzondo. Ngenxa yalokho, zibulala kokubili ukhunta uqobo kanye nesidleke. Kodwa-ke, izintuthwane zifunde ukuzivikela ngokusebenzisa amabala amhlophe afana noshukela anjengempuphu emzimbeni wazo. Lezi zinhlayiya zakhiwa ngama-bacteria idlozi elihamba nawo, elikhiqiza ama-antifungal agents anamandla nemithi elwa namagciwane. Lawa mabhaktheriya afana kakhulu nalawo asetshenziswa izinkampani ezithaka imithi ukwenza ama-antibiotic.
Kuyiqiniso, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi amabhaktheriya amasha akunakwenzeka ukuthi abe yi-panacea. Kunoma ikuphi, izintuthwane azinqobi ngaso sonke isikhathi, futhi kwesinye isikhathi amakhowe anobutha asathatha izintambo. Iqiniso ngukuthi indlwana iyindawo elula kakhulu yamagciwane amaningi, futhi bonke bangathanda ukuhlala kuyo. Ososayensi babize le mizamo ngokuthi "iBacterial Game of Thrones", lapho wonke umuntu efuna ukubhubhisa wonke umuntu futhi afike phezulu. Kodwa-ke, iqiniso lokuthi izinambuzane zikwazile ukuletha ukuhlaselwa okunjalo ezigidini zeminyaka eminingi kwenza lesi siqondiso sithembise. Manje sidinga ukukhetha izinhlobo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu zezikhali zezintuthwane futhi sakhe ama-antibiotic amasha wabantu.
